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General Chemistry 1 Module 14

This document provides a lesson on chemical equations for a Grade 11 chemistry class. It defines what a chemical equation is and its key components of reactants and products. Examples of chemical equations are given, such as the combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen gases to form water. The document outlines the steps to balance chemical equations, including checking for diatomic molecules and balancing each element. Students are assigned activities to identify reactants and products, balance sample equations, and write balanced equations for chemical reactions involved in human activities.

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Sitti Rohima Marajan
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2K views

General Chemistry 1 Module 14

This document provides a lesson on chemical equations for a Grade 11 chemistry class. It defines what a chemical equation is and its key components of reactants and products. Examples of chemical equations are given, such as the combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen gases to form water. The document outlines the steps to balance chemical equations, including checking for diatomic molecules and balancing each element. Students are assigned activities to identify reactants and products, balance sample equations, and write balanced equations for chemical reactions involved in human activities.

Uploaded by

Sitti Rohima Marajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General

Chemistry 1 11
General Chemistry 1 – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 14: Chemical Equation
EXPECTATIONS
This module is developed and designed for Senior High School STEM students. The
lesson is all about the chemical equations. Specifically, you are expected to:
1. distinguish the reactants from the product in a given chemical equation; 2.
write the chemical formula of a chemical reaction; and
3. balance chemical equations.

LESSON

The study of chemistry can be best learned when you engage yourself to various
activities that will give you the chance to explore and discover different things. Like
for instance, different materials around us keep on changing constantly. Some
changes are slow while others are rapid.The pictures below shows some examples
of chemical changes:

In addition, the language of chemistry will provide you the opportunity to visualize
the large as well as the small molecules undergoing chemical reactions.
Fortunately, the numerous physical and chemical changes happening in your
surroundings can be represented by chemical equations. And so, being able to
balance chemical equations is a vital skill for learning chemistry.

What is chemical equation?

Chemical equation is the shorthand way of expressing chemical reaction with the
use of numbers, symbols and formulas. It has two major parts, the reactants and
the products.

For example, hydrogen gas (H 2) reacts with oxygen gas (O 2) to form water (H20).
The chemical equation for this reaction is written as:

2 H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Reactants product

The + sign is read as ‘ reacts with’, while the arrow means ‘ produces’. The
chemical formulas on the left represent the starting substances, called reactants.
While, the substance/s produced by the reaction are shown on the right, and are
called product/s. The numbers in front of the formulas are called coefficients. In
this equation hydrogen gas ( H2) has a coefficient of 2 as well as the product which
is water. Subscript is the number of atoms of the element present in the
substance. This located at the right side of the symbol. Oxygen gas has a subscript
of 2. Other symbols of a chemical equation can be seen in Table 1.

Let us now proceed on how to balance chemical equations . Follow the steps
given below :

Steps in Balancing Chemical Equations

1. Check for diatomic molecules.


Diatomic molecules - are molecules composed of only two atoms of the same
elements. This includes H2 , O2 , N2, Cl2 , Br2 , F2

2. Check whether the chemical formulas of all the reactants and products are
correct.

3. Check the total number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation.
A polyatomic ion appearing unchanged on both sides of the equation is counted as
a single unit.

4. Balance the elements one at a time by using coefficients. Coefficients can be


multiplied to the subscripts to determine the number of atoms.

5. You must not attempt to balance the equation by changing the subscripts in
the chemical formula of a substance.

Example: Nitrogen gas reacts with oxygen gas to form ammonia.


N2 (g) + H2 (g) → NH3 (l)

Step 1:Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation.
Element Reactants Products
N 2 1 Not equal
H 2 3 Not equal
Step 2: To balance the equation, you can put coefficient of 3 before hydrogen gas
and coefficient 2 before NH3.
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (l)
• N is balanced
• H is balanced
Try to balance this!
1. AlBr 3 + Cl 2 → AlCl 3 + Br 2
2. P4O 10 + H 2O →H 3 PO 4

Going through this module equip you to acquire the


necessary skills to successfully balance chemical equations.
I am sure you will enjoy doing these activities.
So get ready now and have fun!

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1 Identify the reactants and the product from the given word equations
and balance the chemical equation formed. Use the table to show your answers.

Example: Passing chlorine gas through carbon disulfide (CS 2) produces carbon
tetrachloride ( CCl2) and disulfur dichloride (S2Cl2).

1. Solid lead (II) oxide (PbO) reacts with ammonia gas(NH 3) to produce lead metal
(Pb), nitrogen gas (N2 ) and liquid water(H2O).

2. Barium oxide (BaO) produces from the reaction of barium metal with oxygen gas.

3. The burning of magnesium in nitrogen gas gives magnesium nitride.

4. The reaction between fluorine gas and water yields oxygen difluoride and
hydrogen fluoride gases.

Reactant 1 Reactant 2 Products Balanced Equation


Answers to sample problem

Cl2 CS2 CCl4, S2Cl2, 3 Cl2 + CS2 → CCl4 + S2 Cl2


Your answers

1.
2.
3.
4.
Activity 2 Balance the following chemical equations:
Here’s an example: N2 + 3H2 → 2 NH3

1. C2 H6+ O2 → CO2 + H2 O
2. NH3 + O2 → NO + H2 O
3. Al + HCl → AlCl3 + H2
4. Hg + O2 → HgO
5. Na + O2 → Na2 O2

Activity 3. Here are some selected human activities which involve chemical
changes. Write the balanced chemical equation that represents the chemical
reaction in the featured human activity.

3
4

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