PEH3 12

Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Physiological Indicators for
Physical Activities

Department of Education . Republic of the Philippines

PEH3- G12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1– Module 4: Physical Indicators for Physical Activity
First Edition, 2019

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 12

PEH3
First Quarter – Module 1:
Physiological Indicators for
Physical Activities

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by

educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at
[email protected].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

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Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines
Physiological parameters like our human heart, blood pressure, body
temperature, serum levels of various stress hormones and
immunological functions can be used to assess our own welfare. These

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 module will help you to analyze physiological indicators such as heart
rate, rate of perceived exertion and pacing associated with moderate to
vigorous physical activities to monitor and to adjust your participation
or effort.

CONTENT STANDARD PERFORMANCE STANDARD

The learner… demonstrates The learner…lead dance

understanding of dance in events with proficiency
optimizing one’s health as
and confidence resulting
requisite for physical activity
in independent pursuit
assessment
and in influencing others
performance,and as a career
opportunity. positively.

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 INTRODUCTION
For the facilitator:

Welcome to Physical Education and Health Grade 12, Alternative Delivery

Mode(ADM) Module on Physiological Indicators for Physical Activity .

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12.
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints
in schooling.This learning resource hope to engage the learners into guided
and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

For the learner:

Welcome to PEH3 Alternative Delivery Mode{ADM} Module on Physiological

Indicator for Physical Activity.

Have you ever feeling out of breath when you exercise? What happened
when you climb stairs or walk faster ? Some people find harder breathing
specially when they walk briskly. For those had their exercises regularly they
find it like less challenging .These are indications of Physical Fitness. When
you do frequent and intense exercises the greater the level of physical fitness.
This module will help you understand what will happens to your body during
exercise to understand its long term effect to your health as well as your
overall wellness.

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 Part I What I Need to Know
This module will help you understand the ways that the body adapts to physical
activity and the physiological changes that comes from it. .

The module is provided to help you:

.1. Analyze physiological indicators when engaging in moderate to vigorous physical

activities.
2. Observe the physiological Effects of physical activity;
3. Recognize physiological indicators of the physical condition
4. Learn what is physiological indicator;
5. Importance of physiological indicators of exercise
6. Determining Intensity and physiological indicators

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 What I Know

Challenge: Match the items in column A with its description in column B. Write your answer on the
blank.
A B
_______ 1. Aerobic a. drives the process to sustain physical activity
activity

_______ 2 Muscle- b. activities that improve the efficiency of aerobic energy

strengthening production and cardiorespiratory endurance.
activities

_3 .Bone- c.weight -bearing or weight loading activity producing a force

strengthening on the bones that promotes bone growth and strength.
Activities

_ 4. Exercise d. slowest way of providing the energy needed to produce

movement .
_5. Physical e. second fastest way to obtain the energy to keep muscle
activity contracting.

_6. Phosphagen f. primary used to improved muscular strength and muscular

system power.
_7. Anaerobic g.planned, structured, repetitive bodily movements that som-
system one engages in for the purpose of improving health.
________8. Aerobic h. fastest way of obtaining energy to muscle
system
________9. Adenosine i. major fuel source for the cell
Triphosphate

--------------10. Food j. activities undertaken while working, playing, carrying out

household chores, travelling, and engaging in recreational pursuits.

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 k. the body can degenerate energy from stored fuel, but
depends on the energy derived from food sources to allow
the sustained physical activity and improvements in
performance.

Module Determining Intensity and Physiological

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 4 indicators

There are several methods to distinguish the intensity of an aerobic

activity.They are measured by heart rate.The higher the intensity,the higher the
heart rate will be.Here are some sample methods;

1. Target heart rate[THR] zone of 60 to 80 percent

The THR zone recommends attaining 60 to 80 percent of your maximum heart

rate [HRmax]to bring about cardiorespiratory fitness benefits.Those who just started a
fitness program may aim for 40 to 50 percent of their HR[ max]

Procedure;

To find out your THR,you need to get your HRmax and rsting heart rate
[HRrest].there are physiological tests that measure HR max very accuratle but a simple
method to do is by subtracting your age from 220.So,if you are 20,you can assume that
your HRmax is 200[220-20=200].

To get the lower and upper ends of your THR,multiply your HRmax,which is
200,by 60 percent to get lower end of your THR zone and by 80 percent to get the
upper end.The THR zone for 20-year old is 160 beats per minute[200x0.60=120,and
200x.80=160].

Consideration;

This method does not consider ones current level of fitness.

2. Karvonen method

This method is a more accurate way of finding out ones THR zone.The formula for
finding your THR range using this method is;

THR range =[HRmax-HRrest]x percent intensity=HRrest

You will use the formula in computing for the HRmax to determine your HRrest.
To get your HRrest count your pulse for 30 seconds right after waking up early in the
morning.Then multiply that number by two to get the number of times your heart beat in
a minute.

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Procedure;

The procedure is below for the same 20-year old individual with an HRrest of 60
who wants to work out at a THR zone of 60-80 percent.

1. Find the HRR ,which again is HRmax -HRrest ,or 200-60=140.

2. Find the low end of your THR.Multiply the HRR [14]by percent intensity [60
percent]to get 84.

3. Add 84 to the HRrest [60beats per minute] to get 144 beats per minutes. Same
computation to get upper end of the THR.

4. Multiply 140 by 80 percent [140x.080=112].

5. Add 60 to 112 to get 172 beats per minute.

ACTIVITY: Try to answer the given procedure: Write your answer below:

Answer:___________

Considiration;

This method takes fitness into account.Taking fitness into consideration gives a
huge difference since a fitter person will have a higher THR to aim for during
exercise.The HRrest of a physically fit person will be lower than that of someone who is
unfit or inactive because a healthy heart beats several times fewer to pump oxygen-rich
blood to the muscles.

3. Borg Rating of Percieved Exertion(RPE)

Another way to determine intensity during cardiorespiratory exercise is through

percieved exertion . The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale was designed
to allow exercises to use a rating on how they are feeling during the activity, taking into
account personal fitness, general fatigue, and environmental factors.

Procedure:

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 The scale is an easy alternative for monitoring intensity during a workout
without using equipment or calculation. The range of scale is from 6 ( no exertion
at all ) to 20 ( you feel that you are engaging in a maximum amount of exertion).

Consideration :

The BORG RPE scale can be used to asses intensity for both
cardiorespiratory activities and weight training. According to the American
College for Sports Medicine (ACSM), most people who are exercising at an
intensity to bring about cardiorespiratory benefits have an average RPE range of
12to 16. However, measurement using this scale is subjective since there is
relatively of measures that varies from person to person.

Hello Grade 12 senior high students are you ready to learn more new
things? You will be provided with activities that will test your prior knowledge,
stimulate your interest, and elevate your understanding and level of excitement in
the different activities. This part of the module will help you get started and be
ready for the next part.

Activity 1. What have you learned so far?

A. Using The TARGET HEART RATE formula get your own THR zone. Show your
computation on a sheet of paper.

Answer:

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B. Get your own THR range using the KARVOVEN method. Show your
computation on a sheet of paper.

Answer:_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________.

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What is Physiological I Indicators for Physical Activities?

These are physiological parameters, such as heart rate, blood

pressure, body temperature, serum levels of various stress hormones
example is the hormone cortisol and immunological functions like the
suppression of lymphocyte activity all those parameters are used to assess
welfare.

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 What’s In

It is argued that measures of physical fitness are

indicators of positive health and such measures are
identified under their discreet headings of agility,
flexibility, power, speed, and reaction time,
strength, cardiovascular capacity, body composition
and posture .

____

________________________________

_________________________________

What are Physiological Measures?

Physiological measurement involves the direct or indirect observation of

variables attributable to normative functioning of system and subsystems in the human
body. This includes phenomena such as heart rate, blood pressure, cortical activity, and
biochemical markers.

What is a physiological measurement tool? Physiological measurements maybe

very simple, such as the measurement of body temperature with a clinical
thermometer, or they may be more complicated for example measuring how well the
heart is functioning by taking an ECG (electrocardiograph)

Why is it important to take physiological measurements? Teachers will often to

undertake an individuals physiological measurements. While carrying out these

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measurements, it is essential to maintain the individual’s comfort, respect and dignity,
as well as applying standards of hygiene and infection control precautions.

What is the primary advantage of physiological measures? Physiological

measures permit a more objective workload assessment and can provide “real-time
evaluation, thus allowing the system designer to quickly and accurately identify usability
problems as they occur.

What factors affect physiological measurements? Factors affecting changes in

physiological measurements, examples are illnesses and infection, stress, anxiety,
lifestyle factors, medication, age, environment, time of day. Assessment, like body
functions and health status.

What are physiological observations when engaging in physical fitness

?Physiological observations were respiratory rate, heart rate, and systolic blood
pressure. The least frequent recorded physiological observations were temperature and
conscious state.

What are the normal range of physiological measurements? Normal vital signs
ranges for the average healthy adult while resting are: Blood pressure: 90/80mm Hg to
120/80mm Hg. Breathing: 12 to 18 breaths per minute. Pulse:60 to 100 beats per
minute.

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Measuring exercise intensity using the exertion rating scale:

LEVEL EXERTION PHYSICAL SIGN

2 Barely there Sensation of movement

3 Moderate Stronger sensation of movement

4 Somewhat hard Warmth or light sweating

5 Hard SWEATING

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 Heart rate assessment is commonly used method for monitoring exercise
intensity. One of the easiest ways to monitor your exercise intensity is to use the rating
of perceived exertion ( RPE) scale. Whether you walk, jog, bicycle, bench step, climb
stairs or perform low impact aerobics, your exercise intensity and ensure a level of
exertion that is comfortable.

Why use RPE? Monitoring exercise intensity with RPE scale is beneficial because:

A. It provides a double- check on heart rate, especially when the target heart-rate zone
is estimated from age.

B. Assessing RPE can be performed without stopping to ‘check’ it, as is necessary with
heart-rate monitoring.

C. Its free, There is no equipment you can buy to accurately describe your perception
of intensity, whereas the heart monitors can be expensive.

How to use Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)

Perceived Exertion is assessed by used of either a 0-to 10- or 6- to 20 chart to

rate the feelings caused by your exertion.

For example: using the 0-to 10 scale, quietly sitting in a chair would have a
rating of 0. Adding a gentle waving of your arms might increase the effort rating to 0.5.
Walking at a pace that you feel is moderate would be given a rating of 3.

Remember, the rating of your exertion should be completely independent of the

pace you think you are walking ; it is independent solely on the feelings caused by the
exertion. Increased the pace to a run and add a hill and you could work your way up to
a 10 on your scale.

On the 0-to10 scale, the recommended RPE range for the most people is usually
between 3 ( moderate) and 5 (strong )

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Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines
Source: ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription 7th ed Philadelpia
Lippincott Williams & Wilkin

https./gualification.pearson.com, vital signs:Medicine Plus Medical Encyclopedia

Acewebcontent.azureedge.net.

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 What’s More

Activity 1.1 TRY THIS:

1. How do you calculate your activity level

Extra active= BMR x 1.9 ( hard exercise 2 or more times per day, or training for
marathon, or triathlon.
Example:
My BMR is 1339 calories per day
My activity level is moderately active (work out 3 to 4x per week)
My activity factor is 1.55
My TDEE is 1.55 X 1339= 2075 Calories per day

Calculate your activity level ( Show your answer below}

Answer:________________________________________________

2. The original Borg Scale runs from 6-20. Which of the following would best represent a rating
of perceived exertion range ( RPE) that corresponds to the 55-90% maximum heart rate ?
A .2-5
B. 10-20
C. 15-20
D. 20-25

Answer:_______________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned

1. In sports and particularly exercise testing the rating of perceived exertion , as measured
by the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale, is frequent used quantitative measure of
perceived exertion during physical activity.

2. The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale will help to estimate how hard you
are working ( your activity intensity. Perceived exertion is how hard you think your body
is exercising.

3. Regulating oxygen uptake during high intensity exercise using heart rate and
perceived exertion..

4. Physiological differences and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in young and adult.
5. Rating of RPE and blood lactate concentration during sub-maximal physical activity.
6. The rate of heart storage mediates an anticipatory reduction in exercise intensity during
physical activity at a fixed rating of perceived exertion..

7. Physiological parameters, such as heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, can be
used to assess our health and welfare..

8. Rating of perceived exertion and heart rate as indicators of exercise intensity in different
environmental temperatures.

9. How RPE is calculated? To determine your approximate heart rate, simply multiply your
BORG’s rating(RPE) by 10 .For example:

An RPE score of 16 x 10= 160 beats per minute

10. Rated Perceived Exertion Scale is used to measure the intensity of your exercise. The
RPE rule scales from 0-10

Source;https/www.cdc.gov. Livelan clinic.org, DIWA Senior High School Series PEH

What I Can Do

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1. If you already had an objective data regarding your physical activity, would it
be better to scrap all of it and start over with just perceived exertion? Why or Why
not?( Show your answer below)

Answer:___________________________

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is perceived exertion ?

a. How difficult an athlete thinks a workout is going to be
b. A way to get athletes to work harder by pretending that the workouts are
easy
c. How difficult an athlete thinks a completed workout was
d. A way of rating injuries caused by workouts

2. How is perceived exertion rated?

a. On a scale of 1-100
b. System of 1-10
c. Like steak:rare, medium, well done
d. Its measured with a tracking device
3. In Borg RPE what does the number 9 represents?
a. Very light exercise which equals walking
b. Somewhat hard but the individual is still able to continue the activity
c. Extremely strenuous exercise
d the hardest exercise
4. Why do we use Rating Perceived Exertion scale?
a. To measure the intensity of your exercise
b. To validate your individual data
c. Take sum up your score regularly
d. Use for running
5. How is perceived exertion related to exercise intensity?

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 a. To determine if your heart rate is within the target zone
b. To check out target heart rate and estimated maximum heart rate
c. As a substitute for other coping skills
d. Choices A & B is the correct answer
6. What exercise intensity corresponds with an RPE of 15?
a. Is a way of measuring physical activity
b. Establishing an exercise prescription
c. Suggest a moderate intensity and corresponds to 60%HR range
d. Corresponds to 85%of heart rate range
7. What methods of determining Intensity is considered the more accurate way of
finding out one’s Target Heart Zone?
a. Target Heart Rate (THR)
b. Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion ( RPE)
c. Cardiorespiratory Fitness FITT
d. Karvonen Method
8. What is physiological indicators of fitness?
a. Slow wave of mental workload
b. Responses to changing environment
c. Use to assess human health and welfare
d. Help to improve cardiorespiratory
9 What are the physiological parameters?
a. serum levels of various stress hormones
b. Heart Rate
c. Blood pressure
d. All of the above
10.How much vigorous intensity exercise is recommended?
a get at least 150 minutes of moderate activity
b, 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity a week
c A& B is the correct answer
d. none of the above

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 Answer Key

1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. D
6. C
7. D
8. C
9. D
10. C

References
1. Rating of perceived exertion;https;wikepedia rating
2. Williams N. The Borg Rating Of Perceived Exertion, Occupational
Medicine2017;67,404-405
3. American College of Sports Medicine, guidelines foe exercise.
Lippincott:Williams and Wilkins;2013 March4
4. Diwa Senior High School Series, Physical Education and Health.

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