Design and Development of Fingerprint Based Vehicle Starting System
Design and Development of Fingerprint Based Vehicle Starting System
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to design and develop a finger print based car ignition system with a view of reducing car theft and to
ward off unauthorized users. Recently, car hijack has been on the increase as armed robbers focus on stealing cars especially the
brand new ones. Hence the need to protect the cars from hijackers is considered to be essential. In this paper, nobody can ignite
the vehicle except authorized by the designed system already captures its fingerprints pattern features through enrolment into the
system. This is achieved with the use of fingerprint module, PIC18F4620 microcontroller and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
module. More so, after testing of the overall designed project, the results obtained were satisfactory. Hence, the approach adopted
in this study can be applied to various systems and fields such as banks, attendance system management in school, hotels, homes
and so on.
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National Journal of Advanced Research
Block diagram of fingerprint based vehicle starter ways; enrolment and verification. When verifying user’s
(a) Liquid Crystal Display finger, it searches through stored finger in it FLASH memory
The LCD circuit was built using its datasheet. Data transfer is and check for match. If there is a match, the module’s TXD
done in nibble (D4 – D7). Vdd and Vss were connected as pin gives output 1 and the chip gets the response and activates
instructed by the datasheet. A variable 5KΩ resistor is used to the ignition system phase. If no match is found, low signal is
control the contrast of the LCD. The min. and max. Voltage of sent to the chip and low output is given to the ignition system
LCD is 0V and 6.50 V respectively from datasheet. Since Vdd phase. When enrolling a new user’s finger, admin passcode is
= 4.87 V, a resistor that will draw an equivalent or almost 4.87 requested by the PIC chip. If passcode matches user’s
V from Vee terminal is calculated. passcode in the EPROM of the chip, access is granted to enroll
finger. If no match is seen in the EPROM of the chip, no
(b) Light Emitting Diode access is granted. After access has been granted to the admin,
From datasheet downloaded, Vf = 1.8 V and If = 30mA for two things can be done, register new user’s finger and edit
both red and yellow L.E.D. so from measurement, voltage user’s passcode. [6, 12]
from the PIC chip is 4.90VCalculating the value for R gives.
(3)Where; I = 30mA = forward current Vf = 1.8V = forward
voltage (4) Vs = 4.9V = voltage source. (5) (6) From resistor
catalogue, 100Ω is preferable. [3]
Mode of Operation
This project/designed system is a portable system /device with
non-robustmethodology. A -12 volt battery is used to supply
the needed voltage via/through the switch, which is connected
between the 12 volts battery and the power regulator which
output is made to enable transition of power to all modules of
the system. For protection, a zener diode rated 5 volts is
connected to protect the modules from voltage higher than 5
volts. The Peripheral Interface Controller used in this
project/design is PIC18F4620 and this chip is interfaced with
LCD module, Fingerprint Module, ignition system of the car.
This chip has 40 pins where 36 of the pins are input/output
pins. The pins connected to the ignition system, the control
bus of the LCD and the data bus of the LCD are configured as
output. The RXD and TXD of the chip that are connected to
the fingerprint module are configured as input and output
respectively. Three buttons with functions ENTER, UP and
DOWN are connected to the chip and their operation is
directly seen on the LCD. They are used to access the
FPM10A fingerprint module and control some operations of Fig 2: fingerprint based vehicle starter project
the chip. A 20MHz crystal oscillator is used to clock the
system operation. The fingerprint module operates in two
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National Journal of Advanced Research
Algorithm of Fingerprint Based Vehicle Starting System Table 1: Designed and measured value of components used in power
circuit Components.
Components Designed Value Measured value
Capacitor C1(μF) 100 99.70
Capacitor C2 (pF) 22 21.90
Battery (V) 12 11.80
Output (V) 5 4.90
References
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Prototype of a Fingerprint Based Ignition Systems in
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Fig 3: Algorithm of fingerprint based vehicle starter Security using Fingerprint Recognition. 2013.
12. Pingat S, Rakhecha S, Agrawal R, Mhetre S, Raushan P.
Results and Discussion of Results Real Time Smart Car Security System by Using
The results and interpretation of the results will be discussed Biometrics. International Journal of Innovative
below. Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2013,
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Results 13. Sasi A, Nair LR. Vehicle Anti-theft System Based on an
Realizing a project physically has lots to do with research, Embedded Platform. International Journal of Research in
choice of component and testing of the 0, 2, 4, 6. Engineering and Technology. 2013, 2.
Designed Value
Measured value components
After carrying out lots of simulations on Proteus, the project
was implemented and tested to ensure proper operation under
stated instruction.
The various modules were tested and satisfactory results were
obtained. [4, 13]
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