CAPILI, DIECON IRISH

CE134P-2/A3
2019104882
M2 SEU #2
1. Using both LRFD and ASD, select the most economical sections, with F y = 50ksi,
unless otherwise specified, and assuming full lateral bracing for the compression
flanges. Working or service loads are given for each case, and beam weights are not
included.

SOLUTION:
Using LRFD:
Factored load
Pu=1.2 D+1.6 L

k
Pu=1.2(1.2)+1.6(3)=6.24
ft
Solving for maximum factored moment

Pu L2 ( 6.24 ) ( 36 )2
m u= = =1010.88 k ∙ ft=12130.56 k −¿
8 8
For full lateral bracing,
C b=1.14

Therefore,
C b mu=∅ F y S x ; ∅=0.9∧F y =50 ksi

required
C b m u 1.14 × 12130.56 3
Sx= = =307.3¿
∅ Fy 0.9 ×50
choose section
W 30 ×116
lb
with 116 self-weight and S x =329 ¿3
ft
k
new Pu withself −weight =6.24 +1.2 ( 0.116 ) =6.3792
ft

6.3792 ×362
new m u= =1033.43 k ∙ ft=12401.16 k ∙∈¿
8
1.14 ×12401.16
required S x = =314.16 ¿3 <329 ¿3 → ok
0.9 ×50
Using ASD,
k
Pu=L+ D=1.2+ 3=4.2
ft

Pu L2 ( 4.2 ) ( 36 )2
m u= = =680.4 k ∙ ft =8164.8 k ∙∈¿
8 8
Therefore , ΩC b m u=F y S x ; Ω=facctor of safety=1.67

1.67 ×1.14 × 8164.8=50 × S x

required S x =310.9 ¿3

therefore use,
W 30 ×116
k
new Pu with self −weight=4.2+0.116=4.316
ft

4.316× 362
new m u= =699.192 k ∙ ft=8390.3 kin
8
1.67 ×1.14 × 8390.3
required S x = =319.5¿ 3< 329¿ 3 (OK !)
0.9 ×50
 2. Using both LRFD and ASD, select the most economical sections, with F y = 50ksi,
unless otherwise specified, and assuming full lateral bracing for the compression
flanges. Working or service loads are given for each case, and beam weights are not
included.

SOLUTION:
Using LRFD
W u =1.2W D +1.6 W L =1.2 (1 ) +1.6 ( 1.5 ) =3.6 k / ft

Pu=1.2 P D +1.6 P L =0+1.6 ( 12 )=19.2 k /ft

W u L2 P u L 3.6 ⨉ 202 19.2 ⨉ 20

M u= + = + =276 k −ft
8 4 8 4
Assume that the shape is compact and full lateral bracing for compression flange
M n=M p=F y Z x
ϕM n=ϕM p =ϕ F y Z x
ϕ F y Zx ≥ M u
M u 276 12 3
Zx ≥ = =73.6 ¿
ϕ F y 0.9 50
Based on AISC Manual Table 3−2
F y =50 ksi

Select W18⨉40
 ϕ b M p=294 k−ft

Checking for self-weight

1
M u=276+ ⨉ 1.2 ⨉ 0.04 ⨉ 202
8
M u=278.4 k−ft <ϕb M p=294 k−ft ⇾OK !

Checking for shear

(3.6+1.2 ⨉ 0.04) ⨉ 20 19.2

V u= + =46 k
2 2
Based on AISC Manual Table 3−2
F y =50 ksi
W18⨉40
ϕ v V n =169 k >V u=46 k ⇾ OK !
Most economical section W18⨉40

using ASD

W a =W D +W L =1+ 1.5=2.5 k /ft

Pa=P D + P L =0+12=12 k

2.5 ⨉ 202 12 ⨉ 20
M a= + =185 k −ft
8 4

Assume that the shape is compact and full lateral support for compression flange

M n=M p=F y Z x
M n M p F y Zx
= =
Ω Ω Ω
Fy Zx MaΩ 185 ⨉ 12⨉ 1.67 3
≥ M a ⇾ Zx ≥ =Z x ≥ =74 ¿
Ω Fy 50
Based on AISC Manual Table 3−2
F y =50 ksi
W18⨉40
Mp
=196 k−ft
Ωb
Checking for self-weight

0.04 ⨉ 202
M a=185+ =187 k−ft <196 k −ft ⇾ OK !
8

Checking for shear

20 12
V a =( 2.5+0.04 )+ + =31.4 k
2 2
Based on AISC Manual Table 3−2
F y =50 ksi
W18⨉40
Vn
=113 k > V a=31.4 k ⇾ OK !
Ωv
Most economical section W18⨉40
 3. Using both LRFD and ASD, select the most economical sections, with F y = 50ksi,
unless otherwise specified, and assuming full lateral bracing for the compression
flanges. Working or service loads are given for each case, and beam weights are not
included.

SOLUTION:
Properties of steel section,
Span beam,
L=24 ft
Concentrated load,
Dead Load,
P D=12 kips

Live Load,
P L=20 kips

Computations,
Yield stress of steel,
F y =50 ksi

Concentrated Factored Load,

Pu=1.2 P D +1.6 P L

Pu=1.2 ( 12 ) +1.6(20)
Pu=46.40 kips

Maximum Factored Moment,

L
M u=Pu ×
3
24
M u=46.40×
3
M u=371.2 ft −kips

Assuming compact section,

λ ≤ λ p , both the web∧flange

Design strength of beam,

Φ b M n=Φ b M p ¿ Φ b Z x F y

Take,
Φ b M n=M u

So, the required plastic section modulus,

Mu
Z x=
Φb F y
371.2× 12
Z x=
0.90× 50

Z x =98.987 i n2

Selection for section, Z > Z required,

Beam section,
W 21 ×50
Plastic section modulus,

Z x =110i n2

Width/Thickness ratios,
bf
=6.10
2t f
h
=49.40
tw
Checking for compact section,
bf 65
λ= =6.10< λ p= =9.19(OK !)
2t f √Fy
h 640
λ= =49.40< λ p = =90.5(OK !)
tw √F y
Therefore,
the section is COMPACT.
Dead Load (including self-weight),
50
wD=
1000
w D =0.05 kip/ ft

Factored Load,
w u=1.2 w D

w u=1.2(0.05)
w u=0.06 kip /ft

Factored Moment,

w u L2 P u L
M u= +
8 3

(0.06)(24 )2 ( 46.4)(24)
M u= +
8 3
M u=375.52 ft −kips

Therefore, the design strength of beam,

Φ b M n=Φ b M p ¿ Φ b Z x F y

0.9 ×110 × 50
Φ b M n= =412.50 ft−kips
12
Checking for safety,
Φ b M n=412.50>maximum factored moment
Φ b M n=412.50 ft −kips>371.20 ft −kips

Hence,
W 21 ×50

It is SAFE.

4. Using both LRFD and ASD, select the most economical sections, with F y = 50ksi, unless
otherwise specified, and assuming full lateral bracing for the compression flanges. Working
or service loads are given for each case, and beam weights are not included.

SOLUTION:
Estimating beam weights using LRFD,
w u=( 1.2 ) ( 1.5 )=1.8 k /ft

Pu=( 1.6 )( 20 )=32 k

1.8 ×302 (32)(20)(10)

M u= + =415.833 k /ft
8 30
Using the AISC Table 3-2 and LRFD moment,
Use W 18 ×55(¿ table)
Φ b M px =420 k −ft

Assume beam weight,

Beam wt =55lb/ ft
Estimating beam weight using ASD,
w u=1.5 k /ft
Pu=20 k

1.5× 302 ( 20)(20)(10)

M u= + =302.083 k / ft
8 30
Using the AISC Table 3-2 and ASD moment column,
Use W 21× 55(¿ table)
M px
=314 k −ft
Ωb

Assume beam weight,

Beam wt =55lb/ ft
Selection of beam section using LRFD,
w u=( 1.2 ) ( 1.5+ 0.055 )=1.866 k /ft

Pu=( 1.6 )( 20 )=32 k

1.866 ×302 (32)(20)(10)

M u= + =423.258 k /ft
8 30
Using the AISC Table 3-2 and LRFD moment,
Use W 18 ×55(¿ table)
Φ b M px =420 k −ft

Assume beam weight,

Beam wt =55lb/ ft

Selection of beam section using ASD,

w u=1.5+0.055=1.555 k / ft

Pu=20 k

1.555× 302 ( 20)(20)(10)

M u= + =308.271 k /ft
8 30
Using the AISC Table 3-2 and ASD moment column,
Use W 21× 55(¿ table)
M px
=314 k −ft
Ωb
314 k −ft> 308.27 k−ft (OK !)

5. The accompanying figure shows the arrangement of beams and girders that are used to
support a 5in reinforced concrete floor for a small industrial building. Design the beams
and girders assuming that they are simply supported. Assume full lateral support of the
compression flange and a live load of 80 psf. Concrete weight is 150lb/ft 2

GIVEN:
LL = 80 psf.
Dead Load = 5 in slab = 5/12× 150psf = 62.5 psf
Concrete weight = 150lb/ft2

SOLUTION:
TL=1.2 DL+1.6≪¿
TL=1.2 ×62.5+1.6 × 80=203 psf .
BEAM DESIGN
Tributary width=8 ft .
Span=30 ft .
UDL=8× 203=1624 psf

W L2 1.624 ×3 02
Mu= =
8 8
Mu=182.7 kips−ft .

AISC manual, choose

W16×31, ∅ Mp=203 k−ft .−−−−−−OK !

GIRDER DESIGN
Load on girder = Load from Beam
¿ 1.624 ×30 kips=48.72 kips
Mu=48.72 ×8 kips−ft=389.76 kips−ft
Choose W18×55, ∅ Mp=420 k −ft .
BEAM: W16×31
GIRDER: W18×55
6. A W18 X 55 of A992 steel is used on a simple span of 15 ft and has lateral support of
compression flange at its ends only. If the only dead load present is the beam self-
weight, what is the largest concentrated live load that can be placed at 11/3 points
of the beam? Determine Cb. Repeat if lateral bracing is supplied at the beam ends
and at the concentrated loads. Determine Cb.
SOLUTION:
LFRD

W 18 X 55 ∅ M p=420I k

Zone 2 L p =5.90I Lv 17.6 I

BF=13.8 Lb =15I

Solving for ∅ Mn ,
∅ Mn=1.14 [ 420−13.8(15−5.9)]≤ 420
∅ Mn=335.6 ft−k

Wu L2
Mu=Pu(a)+ ≤ ∅ Mn
8
Solving for Pu
1.2 ( 0.055 )
Pu(5)+ (15)2 =335.6
8
Pu=66.75 kips
Solving for PLL,
P¿ =66.75/1.6
P¿ =41.7 kips
ASD
Mp I
W 18 X 55 =279 k
Ω

Zone 2 L p =5.90I Lv=17.6 I

BF=13.8 Lb =15I
Mn
Solving for
Ω
Mn
=1.14 [279−9.15 (15−5.9)]≤279
Ω
Mn
=223.1 ft−k
Ω

Wa L2 M n
Ma=Pa+ ≤
8 Ω
Solving for PLL,
( 0.055 )
Pu(5)+ ( 15 )2=223.1
8
P¿ =44.3 kips
7.) The beam shown is assumed to consist of 50 ksi steel. (a) Select the lightest W section
available by using plastic analysis and assuming full lateral support is provided for its
compression flanges. (b) Design the beam using elastic analysis with the service loads and
the 0.90 rule and assuming full lateral support is provided for its compression flanges.

SOLUTION:
a.)
USING PLASTIC ANALYSIS
Internal work=external work
1
4 M p θ=Pu (δ)+W u ( x 30 x δ )
2
4 M p θ=Pu (15 θ)+W u (15 x 15 θ)
M p=3.75 Pu +56.25 W u

Pu=1.2 P D +1.6 P L =1.2 x 15+1.6 x 20=5 kips

W u =1.2 x W D +1.6 x W L

¿ ( 1.2 x 1 ) + ( 1.6 x 3 )
W u =6 kips/ ft

μ p=(3.75 x 50+56.26 x 6)
μ p=525 k−ft

1
4 μ p θ=W u x ( x 40 x δ )
2
1
4 μ p θ=16 x x 40 x 20 θ
2
μ p=600 k−ft

1
(
3 μ p θ= W u x
2
x 30 x 8 )
1
3 μ p θ=6 x x 30 x 15 θ
2
μ p=450 k −ft

600 x 12
μ p=f y Z x =Z xrequired = =144 ¿3
50
SELECT W21 x 62 W-Section for design

b.)
BY USING ELASTIC ANALYSIS & 0.90 RULE
W = 1 + 3 = 4 kips/ft
 Determining Critical Moments:

w l n 12 w l n22
M 1= ; M2 =
10.8 9.42
l 1+l 2 30+40
l n 1= = =35 inches
2 2
l 2+l 3 40+30
l n 2= = =35inches
2 2

4 x 352
μ1 = =453.704 k−ft
10.8

4 x 352
μ2 = =1520.1699 k−ft
9.42

w l 12 4 x 302
μ4 = =223.27 k −ft
16.124 16.124

Point Load:
General formula is:
wl 1 w l2
μ4 = ; μ3 =
6.145 6.951
μ1 iscritical

w (l n 1) w(l n 2 ) 35 x 35
μ1 = ; μ 2= = =14.858
23.556 82.45 82.45
35 x 30
μ4 = =170.871 k−ft
6.145
35 x 30
μ3 = =151.057 k−ft
6.951
35 x 35
μ1 = =52.004 k−ft
23.556
Check and Combine Loads:
μ4 (total )=223.27 +170.871=394.141

μ3=119+151.057=270.057
 μ2=520.17−14.855=505.312

μ1=453.704+57.004=505.708

505.708 x 12
Z x ( required )= =121.37 ¿3
50
Applying 0.9 rule,
121.37
Z x= =134.855 ¿3
0.9
USE W24x55 W-Shaped Steel Section