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4.1.2 Moments: Name: - Class: - Date

The forces acting on a waiter's tray being held horizontally are analyzed. It is found that the upward force W must equal 1.2 N and the rightward and leftward forces P and Q must equal 1.7 N and 2.9 N respectively to maintain equilibrium. For the same values of P and Q, any additional weight on the tray should be placed directly above Q. The moment of a force is defined as the product of the force and its perpendicular distance from the point of rotation. On a diving board, the upward force P must exceed the weight W to counteract the greater moment arm of W, and P would increase if a person walked along the board from the fixed end.

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40 views

4.1.2 Moments: Name: - Class: - Date

The forces acting on a waiter's tray being held horizontally are analyzed. It is found that the upward force W must equal 1.2 N and the rightward and leftward forces P and Q must equal 1.7 N and 2.9 N respectively to maintain equilibrium. For the same values of P and Q, any additional weight on the tray should be placed directly above Q. The moment of a force is defined as the product of the force and its perpendicular distance from the point of rotation. On a diving board, the upward force P must exceed the weight W to counteract the greater moment arm of W, and P would increase if a person walked along the board from the fixed end.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: ________________________

4.1.2 Moments
4 Mechanics and materials Class: ________________________

Date: ________________________

Time:

Marks:

Comments:

Page 1 of 4
Q12.
A waiter holds a tray horizontally in one hand between fingers and thumb as shown in the
diagram.

P, Q and W are the three forces acting on the tray.

(a)     (i)      State two relationships between the forces that must be satisfied if the tray is
to remain horizontal and in equilibrium.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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(ii)     If the mass of the tray is 0.12 kg, calculate the magnitude of the force W.

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______________________________________________________________

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(iii)     Calculate the magnitudes of forces P and Q.

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(6)

(b)     The waiter places a glass on the tray. State and explain where the glass should be
positioned on the tray if the force, P, is to have the same value as in part (a).

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Q13.
(a)     Define the moment of a force.

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___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(b)     The diagram shows a uniform diving board of weight, W, that is fixed at A. The
diving board is supported by a cylinder at C, that exerts an upward force, P, on the
board.

(i)      By considering moments about A, explain why the force P must be greater
than the weight of the board, W.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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(ii)     State and explain what would be the effect on the force P of a girl walking
along the board from A to B.

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______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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(4)
(Total 6 marks)
Q12.
(a)     (i)      resultant force acting on tray is zero [or P + W = Q] (1)
resultant torque is zero
[or correct moments equation
or anticlockwise moments = clockwise moments] (1)

(ii)     W= 0.12 × 9.81 = 1.2N (1) (1.18N)

(iii)     (taking moments about P gives)


Q × 0.1 = 0.12 × 9.81 × 0.25 (1)
Q = 2.9 N (2.94 N) (1)
P = 2.9 – 1.2 = 1.7 N (1) (or 2.94 – 1.18 = 1.76 N)
(allow C.E. for values of W and Q)
6

(b)     placed at Q (1)


no additional turning moment about Q (1)
2
[8]

Q13.
(a)     product of the force and the perpendicular distance (1)
reference to a point/pivot (1)
2

(b)     (i)      since W is at a greater distance from A (1)


then W must be less than P if moments are to be equal (1)

(ii)     P must increase (1)


since moment of girl’s weight increases as she moves from A to B (1)
correct statement about how P changes
(e.g. P minimum at A, maximum at B, or P increases in a
linear fashion) (1)
max 4
[6]

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