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X. Assignment 1 (Nutrition in Plants & Animals)

The document is a biology assignment on nutrition in plants and animals. It discusses the key concepts of photosynthesis, plant nutrition, human digestion, and the roles of different organs in the digestive system. Some of the main points covered include the steps of photosynthesis, tissues involved in transport of water and food in plants, digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the small intestine, and the roles of the stomach, pancreas, liver, large intestine and anus in the human digestive system.

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Prabal Sangwan
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85 views6 pages

X. Assignment 1 (Nutrition in Plants & Animals)

The document is a biology assignment on nutrition in plants and animals. It discusses the key concepts of photosynthesis, plant nutrition, human digestion, and the roles of different organs in the digestive system. Some of the main points covered include the steps of photosynthesis, tissues involved in transport of water and food in plants, digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in the small intestine, and the roles of the stomach, pancreas, liver, large intestine and anus in the human digestive system.

Uploaded by

Prabal Sangwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WISDOM WORLD SCHOOL

SESSION 2021–2022
BIOLOGY
Chapter-6(Assignment 1)
Nutrition in Plants and Animals

1. What is Nutrition?
Answer: The process by which a living organism obtain its
food and utilize it for various biological activities.
2. What are the different modes of nutrition?
Answer: Modes of Nutrition: i) Autotrophic Nutrition.
ii) Heterotrophic Nutrition
a)Saprophytic
b)Parasitic
c) Holozoic
3. What are the steps of photosynthesis?
Answer: Steps of photosynthesis:
i) Absorption of Sunlight by pigment chlorophyll.
ii) Photolysis of water- to liberate Hydrogen and Oxygen.
iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
4. What are the raw materials required for photosynthesis and from
where do plants obtain these nutrients?
Answer: Raw materials required for photosynthesis:
i) Carbon dioxide: From atmosphere.
ii) Water and minerals: Absorbed by roots from soil.
5. Name the tissue which transport water and translocate food in
plants.
Answer: The tissue which transport water in plants: Xylem
The tissue which translocate food: Phloem.
6. What are role guard cells?
Answer: Role of guard cells: i) Opening and closing of
stomatal pore.
ii) Absorption of water and regulate water loss.
7. Mention two functions of stomata.
Answer: Two functions of stomata:
i) Allows exchange of gases.
ii) Transpiration- loss of water in the form of water
vapours.
8. Defines: Bolus, Chyme, Peristaltic movements, Emulsification.
Answer: Bolus: Food mixed with saliva in the buccal cavity.
Chyme: Food mixed with gastric juices in stomach.
Peristaltic movements: Wave like movements in the muscles of
oesophagus to push the bolus down in the stomach.
Emulsification: Breakdown of larger fat molecules into the
smaller ones in the small intestine with the help of bile juice
secreted by liver.
9. Is diffusion sufficient to fulfil the requirements of a
multicellular organism?
Answer: No, diffusion is insufficient to fulfil the requirement
of a multicellular organism because in multicellular organism
all the cells of the body are not in direct contact with the
environment.
10. Write down the balanced chemical equation of photosynthesis.
Answer:

11. Give two functions of Bile.


Answer: Two functions of Bile:
i) To provide alkaline medium to Chyme in the stomach for
enzymes of pancreatic juice to act.
ii) Help in emulsification of fats i.e. breaking larger fat
molecules into the smaller ones for their easy digestion.
12. Name the site of complete digestion of food. Explain the
process.
Answer: Site of Complete Digestion: Small Intestine.
 Small intestine receives chyme from stomach.
 It also receives bile from liver and pancreatic juice from
pancreas.
 Role of Bile:
 To provide alkaline medium to Chyme in the stomach for
enzymes of pancreatic juice to act.
 Help in emulsification of fats i.e. breaking larger fat
molecules into the smaller ones for their easy digestion.
 Role of Pancreatic Juice:
 Trypsin break proteins into amino acids.
 Pancreatic amylase breaks Carbs into glucose
 Pancreatic lipase breaks fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Walls of small intestine are modified into finger like
outgrowths called villi.
Villi increase the surface area of absorption of food and are
supplied with blood vessels to transport absorbed nutrients to
all the body parts.

13. What is the composition of gastric juice?


Answer: Composition of Gastric Juice:
HCl: Activation of inactive enzymes.
Kill germs present in food.
Mucus: Prevents walls of stomach from effect of HCl.
Pepsin: Digestion of proteins
Renin: Digestion of milk proteins in infants.
14. What are the end of carbohydrates, protein and fat after
digestion?
Answer: Carbs- Glucose
Proteins- Amino acids
Fats- Fatty acids and glycerol.
15. What prevents the wall of stomach from effect of hydrochloric
acid?
Answer: i) Mucus protects the walls of stomach from effect of
HCl.
ii) HCl is produced until food is present in stomach.
16. Give two functions of hydrochloric acid in digestion.
Answer: Functions of HCl:
HCl: Activation of inactive enzymes.
Kill germs present in food.
17. Give difference between Pepsin and Trypsin.
Answer:
PEPSIN TRYPSIN
1.Secreted by walls of stomach. 1. It is the component of
pancreatic juice.
2. Pepsin works in acidic 2. Trypsin works in basic
medium. medium.
3. It needs activation. 3. Needs no activation.

18. Explain the role of large intestine in digestion.


Answer: Role of Large Intestine:
i) Absorption of water.
ii) Converts undigested food into semi-solid waste.
19. What is the role of rectum in digestive system?
Answer: Role of rectum:
Temporarily stores faeces or undigested food that needs to be
excreted out from the body.
20. What is the role anus in digestive system?
Answer: Role of Anus:
Anus is an opening through which waste is excreted out from
body.

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