Experiment

Aim. Prepare M/20 oxalic acid

Theory.
( Weighing: Required amount of oxalic acid can be calculated by using the formula:
Molarity x Molar massx Volume ofsolution in mL
Woxalic acid 1000
Molar mass of hydrated oxalic acid (COOH)2. 2H,0
= 126 g mol
To prepare 250 cm° of M/20 oxalic acid solution weight of hydrated oxalic acid required
126 x 250
20x 1000
1.575g
=
 o c005M
Experiment
Aim To determine strength of given sodium hydroxide solution. You
are provided with a z M oxalic acid solution.
Theory. 1. The molarity of sodium hydroxide solution is determined by the
titrating it against stardard solution of oxalic acid using phenolphthalein as an indicator.
2. Amount of sodium hydroxide is determined by multiplying its molarity with Antiparallax
its molar mass. card

Molecular equation 20
Burette
çoOH (ag) +2 NaOH(ag) COONa (ag) +2 Ha0 ()
CoOH COONa
lonic equation. 2 H* (ag) +2 OH (ag). 2H20 () Keep the stop cock
pressed inwards by
Indicator. Phenolphthalein. thumb & fore fingers
End point. Pink to just colourless (acid in the burette).
Procedure.
.Oxalic acid solution Left hand-
Burette
Conical flask . Sodium hydroxide solution.
Conical flask-
Wash the apparatus well with water. Rinse the burette with the given oxalic
acid solution and fill t which oxalic acid solution. Note the initial reading.
Wash the conical flask with water. Rinse the pipette with given sodium Right hand-

hydroxide solution and pipette out20 mL of this solution

into the conical flask.
Add 2 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator into it. The colour of the solution Plane tile
becomes pink. Run down the acid solution from the burette to fall into the conical
flask with constant shaking till the end point is reached. The end
point is the
changing of pink solution to just colourless. Note the final reading. Titration
 Repeat the experiment to take a set of at least three concordant readings.

M
Observations. Molarity of the given acid solution
0
Volume of NaOH taken for each titration= 20 m
S.No. Initial Reading Final Reading Vol. of HCI solution used

2. .m
3. mL

Concordant volume = X mL (say)

Calculations.
Step I. To calculate the molarity of sodium hydroxide solution.
AcCording to reaction, one mole of oxalic acid reacts with two moles of sodium hydroxide.
Let the volume of acid used = x mL.
M
Molarity of the given oxalic acid solution=20
Number of moles of oxalic acid Moxalic acidVoxalic acid
Number of moles of NaOH MNaOHX VNaOH
1
xx
20 From the balanced chemical equation]
2 MNaOH X20

MNaOH (Molarity of NaOH) =

1Xx2_x
2020 200
Step I. To calculate the amount of sodium hydroxide in given solution.

X X
Strength of NaOH = Molecular mass of NaOH x Molarity = 40 x 9/litre.
20059g/litre
Precautions
i) Always rinse the burette and pipette with the solutions to be taken in them.
(i) Never rinse the conical flask with any experimental solution.
(ii') Remove the air bubble, if any, from the burette.
(iv) Never forget to remove the funnel from the burette before noting the initial reading of the burette.
(v) No drop of the liquid should hang at the tip of the burette at the end
point and while noting the reading.
(vi) Always read lower meniscus for recording the burette reading in case of colourless solutions.
(vi) Lower end of the pipette should always remain dipped in the liquid while
sucking the liquid.
(Viil) Do not blow out the last drop of the solution from the jet end of the pipette.
(ix) Never hold the pipette at the bulb.