ACTIVITY

NO.2

"THE CELL"

Prepared by:

Sophia Izabel A. Villanueva

BSMLS 2B

Prepared for:

Prof. Maria Chona Portin

ANIMAL CELL
 Nucleus
Structure Description Function
- encompasses the - houses chromosomes/ - control center, tells
nuclear membrane, DNA the genetic code others organelles what
nucleoplasm, (heredity material) to do
chromosomes, and
nucleolus

Nuclear envelope
Structure Description Function
- composed up of two - it contains a large number - separates the nucleus
membranes – an inner and of different proteins that from the cytoplasm in
an outer membrane; both have been implicated in eukaryotic cells.
consist of phospholipids chromatin organization and
that are organized in a gene regulation.

bilayer.

Nucleolus
Structure Description Function
- largest nuclear organelle - found inside the nucleus; - aids in production of
assembled around arrays of
no membrane; contains ribosomes
ribosomal DNA genes,
forming specific
proteins and nucleic acids

chromosomal features known

as nucleolar organizing
regions

Plasma Membrane
Structure Description Function
- composed of a bilayer of
- surrounds the cytoplasm - allows things to enter and
phospholipids, with their
and other organelles exit the cell; gets rid of
hydrophobic, fatty acid
waste
tails in contact with each
other

 Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Structure Description Function
- comprises tube-like - acts as a storage - synthesizes lipids,
structure located near the organelle. phospholipids as in
cell periphery plasma membranes, and
steroids

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Structure Description Function
- looks like sheets or disks - series of connected - is involved with the
of bumpy membranes flattened sacs, that plays a production, folding, quality
central role in the control and dispatch of
synthesis of proteins. some proteins

Lysosome
Structure Description Function
- small, circular organelle - are spheres made up of a - digest old cells parts;
that contains enzymes lipid bilayer that encloses aids with removal of waste
fluid that contains a variety
of hydrolytic enzymes

Mitochondrion
Structure Description Function
- have an inner and outer - double membrane - converts glucose
membrane, with an organelle with inner folds molecules into energy
intermembrane space
between them. The outer
membrane contains proteins

known as porins

 Centrioles
Structure Description Function
- made of nine sets of - found in pairs; tube-like - aids in cell division
microtubules, each in groups structures in a cylinder
(mitosis)
of three known as triplet pattern
microtubules

Ribosomes
Structure Description Function
- made of proteins and - small dots; attached to ER - synthesizes protein
ribonucleic acid or float freely in cytoplasm
(abbreviated as RNA), in

almost equal amounts

Golgi Apparatus
Structure Description Function
- curved shaped sacs; - is located in the
contain enzymes; found - packages proteins
cytoplasm next to the
between the ER and cell endoplasmic reticulum

membrane and near the cell nucleus.

Peroxisome
Structure Description Function
- phospholipid bilayer with - due to the ingress of - play important roles in
many membrane-bound proteins and lipids, it grows metabolism, reactive
proteins. in size and divides into two oxygen species
organelles. detoxification, and
signaling

 Microvilli
Structure Description Function
- are covered in plasma - are nonmotile finger-like - functions to increase the
membrane, which protrusions from the cell surface area and the
encloses cytoplasm and apical surface of epithelial efficiency of absorption.
microfilaments cells

Microfilament
Structure Description Function
- long chains of G-actin - are double-stranded - assist in forming new cell
formed into two parallel molecules of polymerized processes and removing
polymers twisted around fibrous (F) actin old ones
each other into a helical
orientation

Microtubule
Structure Description Function
- are hollow cylinders - provide the rigid, - provide the rigid,
made up of repeating organized components of organized components of
protein structures, the cytoskeleton that give the cytoskeleton that give
specifically dimers of alpha shape to many cells shape to many cells
and beta tubulin

References:

https://studylib.net/doc/8654836/7.12d-cell-organelle-structure-vs-function
https://byjus.com/biology/cell-organelles/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/the-different-eukaryotic-cell-organelles-their-structure-and-function-Campbell-nd-et_fig55_322724678
https://www.anatomynote.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/5248/Human-cell-anatomy-and-organels-diagram.jpg