50 Types of Programming Languages and HTML stands for "Hyper Text Markup

What They Do Language" and is utilized for coding web

pages. It marks elements of a document, like
headings and paragraphs, and tells a
Computer programming languages give computer how they should be displayed.
instructions to digital computers that then carry
out specified tasks or functions that you might Java
use every day on the internet or in apps.
Knowing about different programming Java has been used since the beginning of
languages gives computer programmers the the World Wide Web to improve websites
skills to perform complicated programming tasks and add interactive capabilities like buttons
on a variety of systems. If you're considering a and app widgets. It is also commonly used
career in computer programming or you want to for programming cell phones.
learn some new skills, being familiar with
different types of programming languages can C Language
help you understand how computer programs
are created and why certain languages work C Language works as a basic coding
best for specific programs. language and is widely used to make
programs run faster. It remains a popular
Who uses programming languages? choice for video game developers who use
C++ language as well since the two
Computer programmers use programming languages complement each other in terms
languages to code website functions, edit the of programming.
appearance of web pages and organize data.
Some jobs that use programming languages 50 types of programming languages
include the following professionals:
If you're considering a job in computer
 Web developer: This role is programming or another technology field,
responsible for designing the structure being familiar with these programming
and database of a website. languages can help set you apart from other
 Web designer: The visual and candidates. Here are 50 types of
interactive features of websites are programming languages you can learn:
programmed by this professional.
 Video game developer: This type of Procedural languages
software developer specializes in the
design and creation of video games Procedural languages are based on the data
using coding for graphics and viewing range of a code statement.
interactivity. Examples include Ada, BASIC, C/C++ and
 Computer systems engineer: An JavaScript.
individual in this occupation develops
and tests software for personal Functional languages
computers.
 Software quality assurance Functional languages use stored data to
engineer: This quality assurance perform recursive functions, which execute a
professional oversee the development process and then repeat it to solve any errors
process for software function and that arise during programming. Examples
design. include Agda, Cuneiform, PureScript and
 App developer: This type of APL.
programmer designs and creates
applications for computers or mobile Machine languages
devices.
Machine languages are made up of binary
Popular programming languages code, which is a series 0s and 1s that
symbolize text or instructions for a computer
There are countless computer programming program. One example of a machine
languages, but there are some that are more language is Fortran.
widely used than others. Here are three of
the most popular computer programming Assembly languages
languages:
Assembly languages work in a similar way to
HTML machine languages by using short mnemonic
codes to give the computer instructions.
Examples include Lotus 1-2-3 and Turbo Document formatting languages organize
Pascal. printed text and graphics, and some function
similarly to a word processor. Examples
Logic programming languages include TeX, PostScript and SGML.

Logic programming languages add World Wide Web display languages

restrictions to statements made by
developers that cause the computer to World Wide Web display languages are used
consider the possible outcomes of different to design web pages and provide them with
actions. Examples include Prolog, ASP and the desired functions, such as page retrieval
Datalog. through links. Examples include HTML, XML
and CGI.
Data-oriented languages
Front end coding languages
Data-oriented languages offer different ways
to search and edit entity-relationship tables. Front end development languages are used
Examples include Clarion, Gremlin, WebDNA to code the visual aspects of websites,
and Wolfram Language. games, software and apps. Examples
include HTML, CSS and JavaScript.
Business-oriented languages
Database programming languages
Companies use business-oriented languages
to work with large quantities of data across a Database programming languages help to
variety of different systems. Examples create databases and manipulate the way
include SQL and COBOL. data is stored inside them. Examples include
C++, COBOL, Java and Perl.
Education-oriented languages
Rule-based languages
Education-oriented languages can help to
teach computer programming and coding to Rule-based languages implement rules once
novices who are unfamiliar with the they are activated by certain conditions in a
processes. Examples include BASIC, Logo data set. Examples include AWK, CLIPS,
and HyperTalk. Prolog and Wolfram Language.

Object-oriented languages Compiled languages

Object-oriented language identifies Compiled languages have been translated by

everything it encounters as objects that have computer programs from one programming
internal and external data and then it language to another and convert information
performs based on moving these "objects" to directly to code, which streamlines the
where they need to be. Examples include programming process. Examples include
Java, Visual Basic .NET, Ruby and Python. ActionScript, Ballerina, C++ and ALGOL.

Scripting languages Back end coding languages

Scripting languages solve smaller Back end coding languages code program
programming issues and can be used to servers so that web pages appear and
write operating system utilities. Examples function correctly. Examples include Python,
include Perl, PHP, JavaScript and Python. Java and Ruby.

Declarative languages System languages

Declarative languages tell a computer what System languages can complete tasks like
needs to be done without including memory management or task management
instructions for how to complete the task. when programming an entire system.
This type of language can be classified as a Examples include Swift, Rust, C++ and Nim.
logic programming or functional language, as
they all help a computer to solve problems in Algorithmic languages
programming. Examples include Prolog,
Lisp, ML and Haskell. Algorithmic languages convey mathematical
or symbolic computations and can use
Document formatting languages algebraic operations to convey information.
Examples include Fortran, ALGOL, Lisp and Metaprogramming languages write programs
C. that write and edit other programs. Examples
include C++, META II, Python and
Command-line interface languages TREEMETA.

Command-line interface languages use lines Esoteric languages

of text to send commands to computer
programs. Examples include Batch, CLIST, Esoteric languages test unorthodox methods
TACL and 4DOS. of programming language design, such as
using a fictional language as a basis for a
Computational languages program. Examples include Beatnik,
INTERCAL, Piet and Whitespace.
Computational languages declaratively
communicate the logic and functions of a Non-English-based languages
computer command. Examples include
Wolfram Language, Gremlin, QML and Non-English-based programming languages
Mercury. take keywords from languages other than
English to create commands. Examples
Visual languages include Chinese BASIC, Lexico, Rapira and
ezhil.
Visual languages specify programs in two-
dimensional ways through different types of Curly-bracket languages
graphic layouts. Examples include
Grasshopper, GameMaker Language, XOD Curly-bracket languages use curly brackets
and ToonTalk. or brace characters to define statement
blocks. Examples include AWK, Ballerina, C+
XML-based languages + and ECMAScript.

XML, or Extensible Markup Language, Off-side rule languages

encodes documents in a way that can be
read and understood by both people and Off-side rule languages designate blocks of
computers and exists across the internet. code based on their indentation. Examples
Examples include Apache Ant, MXML, include ISWIM, ABC, Python and Elixir.
ECMAScript for XML and XQuery.
Iterative languages
Syntax handling languages
Iterative languages are built around
Syntax handling languages generate generators that solve smaller instances of a
analyzers that convert character sequences certain problem to inform how they can solve
to token sequences that have specified the original problem and generate a certain
meanings for context-free grammar. outcome. Examples include Aldor, Eiffel,
Examples include ANTLR, lex, Prolog and Julia and Python.
JavaCC.
Constraint programming languages
Interpreted languages
Constraint programming languages fall under
Interpreted languages enable programs to be declarative programming language and
executed from source code with the help of express relationships between their variables
an interpreter, rather than being compiled. as constraints. Examples include MiniZinc,
Examples include Apache Ant, JavaScript, Oz and Kaleidoscope.
PostScript and Windows PowerShell.
Numerical analysis languages
Little languages
Numerical analysis languages are mainly
Little languages help to manage a used for technical computing. Examples
specialized problem domain, such as text include Wolfram Language, Analytica,
formatting, combinations and resource Fortran and MATLAB.
allocation. Examples include AWK, Comet,
sed and SQL. Multiparadigm languages

Metaprogramming languages Multiparadigm languages allow a program to

use multiple programming styles to work at
once in a single program and combine Macro languages
constructs from different programming
languages. Examples include ALF, C++, Macro languages can be for application or
ECMAScript and Python. textual substitution to change one source
code file into another, often in order to
Embeddable languages preprocess source code. Examples include
C++, m4 and ML/I.
Embeddable languages are used in source
code, for servers and by clients to embed Shading languages
code into free-form text. Examples include
PHP, VBScript, ActionScript and JavaScript. Shading languages use real-time rendering
and offline rendering to create images, such
Imperative languages as 3D computer graphics. Examples include
AGAL, PSSL and RenderMan Shading
Imperative languages convey information to Language.
computers through serial orders and large
amounts of detail. They might also fall under Reflective languages
other classifications as multiparadigm
programming languages. Examples include Reflective languages allow programs to
MATLAB, ECMAScript, Perl and Python. examine and edit their high-level structure.
Examples include Cobra, ECMAScript,
Dataflow languages Prolog and Ruby.

Dataflow languages use a representation of Fourth-generation languages

the exchange of data to specify programs
and process streams of data. Examples Fourth-generation languages are high-level
include Analytica, Lucid, Oz and Ballerina. languages built around database systems
and are often used for managing databases
Authoring languages and generating reports. Examples include
ABAP, FOCUS, OpenEdge ABL and
Authoring languages help to create DataFlex.
interactive computer programs, such as
tutorials or websites. Examples include Decision table languages
Lasso, PILOT, TUTOR and Authorware.
Decision table languages clarify the logic of a
Concurrent languages program before writing it in another
programming language. Examples include
Concurrent languages pass messages and Filetab and FORTAB.
offer language constructs for executing
multiple processes at the same time. Interactive mode languages
Examples include Ada, ChucK, Java and Oz.
Interactive mode languages allow for
Array languages expressions to be entered and show their
evaluation right away. Examples include
Array languages use scalars to apply BASIC, ECMAScript, Wolfram Language and
operations to vectors, matrices and other Python.
high-dimensional arrays. Examples include
Analytica, BASIC, MATLAB and Fortran 90.

Extension languages

Extension languages are embedded into

other programs to use their features in
extension scripts. Examples include
JavaScipt, Perl, Squirrel and CAL.

Hardware description languages

Hardware description languages describe the

design, structure and operation of electronic
and digital logic circuits. Examples include
Verilog, VHDL, Java and Ruby.
 List of basic computer shortcut keys:  Shift + F10 -- Simulate right-click on
selected item.
 Alt + F--File menu options in the  Shift + Del -- Delete programs/files
current program. permanently.
 Alt + E--Edits options in the current  Holding Shift During Boot up -- Boot
program. safe mode or bypass system files.
 F1--Universal help (for any sort of  Holding Shift During Boot up --
program). When putting in an audio CD, will prevent
 Ctrl + A--Selects all text. CD Player from playing.
 Ctrl + X--Cuts the selected item.
 Ctrl + Del--Cut selected item. Word shortcut keys
 Ctrl + C--Copy the selected item.
 Ctrl + A -- Select all contents of the
 Ctrl + Ins-- Copy the selected item.
page.
 Ctrl + V--Paste the selected item.
 Ctrl + B -- Bold highlighted selection.
 Shift + Ins -- Paste the selected item.
 Ctrl + C -- Copy selected text.
 Home -- Takes the user to the
 Ctrl + X -- Cut selected text.
beginning of the current line.
 Ctrl + N -- Open new/blank
 Ctrl + Home--Go to the beginning of
document.
the document.
 Ctrl + O -- Open options.
 End -- Go to the end of the current
 Ctrl + P -- Open the print window.
line.
 Ctrl + F -- Open find box.
 Ctrl + End -- Go to the end of a
 Ctrl + I -- Italicise highlighted
document.
selection.
 Shift + Home -- Highlight from
 Ctrl + K -- Insert link.
current position to beginning of the line.
 Ctrl + U -- Underline highlighted
 Shift + End -- Highlight from current
selection.
position to end of the line.
 Ctrl + V -- Paste.
 Ctrl + (Left arrow) -- Move one word
 Ctrl + Y -- Redo the last action
to the left at a time.
performed.
 Ctrl + (Right arrow) -- Move one
 Ctrl + Z -- Undo last action.
word to the right at a time.
 Ctrl + G -- Find and replace options.
Microsoft Windows shortcut keys list  Ctrl + H -- Find and replace options.
 Ctrl + J -- Justify paragraph
 Alt + Tab -- Switch between open alignment.
applications.  Ctrl + L -- Align selected text or line
 Alt + Shift + Tab -- Switch backward to the left.
between open applications.  Ctrl + Q -- Align selected paragraph
 Alt + Print Screen -- Create to the left.
screenshot for the current program.  Ctrl + E -- Align selected text or line
 Ctrl + Alt + Del -- Reboot/Windows to the center.
task manager.  Ctrl + R -- Align selected text or line
 Ctrl + Esc -- Bring up the start menu. to the right.
 Alt + Esc -- Switch between  Ctrl + M -- Indent the paragraph.
applications on the taskbar.  Ctrl + T -- Hanging indent.
 F2 -- Rename selected icon.  Ctrl + D -- Font options.
 F3 -- Start find from the desktop.  Ctrl + Shift + F -- Change the font.
 F4 -- Open the drive selection when  Ctrl + Shift + > -- Increase selected
browsing. font +1.
 F5 -- Refresh contents.  Ctrl + ] -- Increase selected font +1.
 Alt + F4 -- Close current open  Ctrl + [ -- Decrease selected font -1.
program.  Ctrl + Shift + * -- View or hide non
 Ctrl + F4 -- Close window in printing characters.
program.  Ctrl + (Left arrow) -- Move one word
 Ctrl + Plus Key-- Automatically to the left.
adjust widths of all columns in Windows  Ctrl + (Right arrow) -- Move one
Explorer. word to the right.
 Alt + Enter -- Open properties  Ctrl + (Up arrow) -- Move to the
window of selected icon or program. beginning of the line or paragraph.
 Ctrl + (Down arrow) -- Move to the  Ctrl + V -- Paste
end of the paragraph.  Ctrl + D -- Fill
 Ctrl + Del -- Delete word to the right  Ctrl + K -- Insert link
of the cursor.  Ctrl + F -- Open find and replace
 Ctrl + Backspace -- Delete word to options.
the left of the cursor.  Ctrl + G -- Open go-to options.
 Ctrl + End -- Move cursor to end of  Ctrl + H -- Open find and replace
the document. options.
 Ctrl + Home -- Move cursor to the  Ctrl + U -- Underline highlighted
beginning of the document. selection.
 Ctrl + Space -- Reset highlighted text  Ctrl + Y -- Underline selected text.
to default font.  Ctrl + 5 -- Strikethrough highlighted
 Ctrl + 1 -- Single-space lines. selection.
 Ctrl + 2 -- Double-space lines.  Ctrl + O -- Open options.
 Ctrl + 5 -- 1.5-line spacing.  Ctrl + N -- Open new document.
 Ctrl + Alt + 1 Change text to heading  Ctrl + P -- Open print dialog box.
1.  Ctrl + S -- Save.
 Ctrl + Alt + 2 Change text to heading  Ctrl + Z -- Undo last action.
2.  Ctrl + F9 -- Minimize current window.
 Ctrl + Alt + 3 Change text to heading  Ctrl + F10 -- Maximize currently
3. selected window.
 F1 -- Open help.  Ctrl + F6 -- Switch between open
 Shift + F3 -- Change case of workbooks/windows.
selected text.  Ctrl + Page up & Page Down --
 Shift + Insert -- Paste. Move between Excel worksheets in the
 F4 -- Repeat the last action same document.
performed (Word 2000+).  Ctrl + Tab -- Move between two or
 F7 -- Spell check selected text more open Excel files
and/or document.  Alt + = -- Create the formula to sum
 Shift + F7 -- Activate the thesaurus. all of the above cells.
 F12 -- Save as.  Ctrl + -- Insert the value of above cell
 Ctrl + S -- Save. into the current cell.
 Shift + F12 -- Save.  Ctrl + Shift + ! -- Format number in
 Alt + Shift + D -- Insert the current comma format.
date.  Ctrl + Shift + $ -- Format number in
 Alt + Shift + T -- Insert the current currency format.
time.  Ctrl + Shift + # -- Format number in
 Ctrl + W -- Close document. date format.
 Ctrl + Shift + % -- Format number in
Excel shortcut keys percentage format.
 Ctrl + Shift + ^ -- Format number in
 F2 -- Edit the selected cell.
scientific format.
 F5 -- Go to a specific cell.
 Ctrl + Shift + @ -- Format number in
 F7 -- Spell check selected text
time format.
and/or document.
 Ctrl + (Right arrow) -- Move to next
 F11 -- Create chart
section of text.
 Ctrl + Shift + ; -- Enter the current
 Ctrl + Space -- Select entire column.
time.
 Shift + Space -- Select entire row.
 Ctrl + ; -- Enter the current date
 Ctrl + W -- Close document.
 Alt + Shift + F1 -- Insert new
worksheet. Outlook shortcut keys
 Shift + F3 -- Open the Excel formula
window.  Alt + S -- Send the email.
 Shift + F5 -- Bring up the search box  Ctrl + C -- Copy selected text.
 Ctrl + A -- Select all contents of a  Ctrl + X -- Cut selected text.
worksheet.  Ctrl + P -- Open print dialog box.
 Ctrl + B -- Bold highlighted selection.  Ctrl + K -- Complete name/email
 Ctrl + I -- Italicize highlighted typed in address bar.
selection.  Ctrl + B -- Bold highlighted selection.
 Ctrl + C -- Copy selected text.
 Ctrl + I -- Italicize highlighted
selection.
 Ctrl + U -- Underline highlighted
selection.
 Ctrl + R -- Reply to an email.
 Ctrl + F -- Forward an email.
 Ctrl + N -- Create a new email.
 Ctrl + Shift + A -- Create a new
appointment to your calendar.
 Ctrl + Shift + O -- Open the outbox.
 Ctrl + Shift + I -- Open the inbox.
 Ctrl + Shift + K -- Add a new task.
 Ctrl + Shift + C -- Create a new
contact.
 Ctrl + Shift+ J -- Create a new
journal entry.

WINKEY shortcuts:
 WINKEY + D -- Bring desktop to the
top of other windows.
 WINKEY + M -- Minimize all
windows.
 WINKEY + SHIFT + M -- Undo the
minimize done by WINKEY + M and
WINKEY + D.
 WINKEY + E -- Open Microsoft
Explorer.
 WINKEY + Tab -- Cycle through
open programs on the taskbar.
 WINKEY + F -- Display the Windows
Search/Find feature.
 WINKEY + CTRL + F -- Display the
search for computers window.
 WINKEY + F1 -- Display the
Microsoft Windows help.
 WINKEY + R -- Open the run
window.
 WINKEY + Pause /Break -- Open the
system properties window.
 WINKEY + U -- Open utility
manager.
 WINKEY + L -- Lock the computer
(Windows XP & later).