SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual 1. GENERAL 1. 1. Flight Guidance & Autopilot System (FGAS).. ‘The FGAS consists of a Flight Control Computer (FCC) including the Flight Director/Autopilot (FD/AP) elevator and rudder autotrim functions and the Yaw Damper (YD) which provides directional stability aug- mentation. The Yaw Damper and the rudder autotrim will together provide "zero ball function. The FCC is also provided with a self-monitoring function for main- tenance and troubleshooting The FCC intertaces with various aircraft systems, such as the Air Data System (ADS), Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS), NAV radios, Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS), Altitude Preselect/Alert System (APA). The FCC tunctions are Controlled by the Mode Select Panel (MSP) Autopilot Panel (APP) and by the AP disengage buttons, VERT ‘SYNC buttons and the GA buttons. ‘The Flight Control Computer (FCC) provides steering ‘command signals for control of the flight path during all normal phases of fight. The FCC signals are fed to the FD command bars/symbols on the Electronic Atti- tude Director Indicator (EAD!) and to the control sur- faces servo actuators. The FCC starts operation in Heading (HDG) and Vertical Speed (VS) modes 10 seconds after AHRS flags have disappeared. AP/YD can be engaged after another 30 seconds which is the time of FCC internal test sequence. 1.2. FDIAP, Flight director, FD. ‘The FO function provides visual guidance commands to tly the aircraft manually orto visually monitor the AP response to the guidance commands. The guidance commands (pitch and rollindication) are selected with the FD operating mode pushbuttons on the MSP. Pitch and roll guidance cues as well as mode informa- tion from the FD are displayed on the EADI's. The FD ‘command bars on the EADI's direct the pilot to turn, climb or descend, AUTOFLIGHT, CAT I Description Autopilot with yaw damper, AP/YD. ‘The AP function controls the aircraft in pitch and roll maneuvering axes on commands from the FD. The YD function is @ part of the AP rudder steer channel ‘and provides directional stability. Appropriate control surfaces are actuated by the AP to control the aircraft forthe selected FD lateral and vertical mode of opera- tion. The MSP contains pushbuttons for manual selection o desired FD modes of operation. The FD. modes wilf he AP is engaged automatically control aircraft pitch and rol attitude for the following maneu- vers: fly to and maintain a preselected rate of climb or descent; maintain an existing altitude; descend or limi to and maintain a preselected altitude; fly to and maintain an existing heading; fly to, capture and track aselected VOR or localizer course; capture and track aglideslops. FD modes. Captured jactive) modes are annunciated on the EADI's in green text. Armed (selected) modes are an- ‘nunciated on the EADI's in white text. In the following mode desctiptions "ARM" and "CAP" are used to indi- cate armec or captured phase of the described mode. ‘When a mode is changed, the new mode annunci- ation blinks for 5 secs. For details on annunciations see Fig. 5 and AOM 19/1.1, NAVIGATION EFIS. The following modes and functions are available: = Vertical modes: ° VS (basic mode) °1AS ° CLIMB, ° aut °ALTS ° VINAV {if installed) ° PTCH (Reversionary Mode; not manually select- able) ° VERT SYNC (a synchronization function select- able on the control whee!) 3.1 s PAGE 1 Dec 21/94SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual ~ Lateral modes: * HDG (basic mode) ° NAV = Combined modes: ° APPR © GA (FD mode only; selectable on the power le- vers). Diagnostic mode: (maintenance ~ fault isolation in FGAS; selectable only on ground). 1.3. FDIAP and Yaw Damper engagement disconnect, autotrim system and Command Cutout. ‘The FD/AP and Yaw Damper may be engaged in the ‘normal tight envelope with certain limitation as stated in AOM 3.2, ‘The AP can be engaged either to the FD on left EAD! or to the FD on right EADI by pushing the AP XFR (Auto pilot transfer) button on the APP. An arrow be- side the AP engaged annunciation on the EADI's will show which FD gives steering commands. ‘The FD display on the EADI can be activated/deacti- vated by consecutive pushes of the FD button on the Display Control Pane! (DCP) except for in APPR mode where the FD bar always is displayed. The APIYD engage levers on the Autopilot Panel (APP) allow independent yaw damper engagement. When engaging the autopilot, however, the yaw damper will also be engaged as well as the elevator and rudder autotrim systems. Rudder autotrim is available also when only YD is engaged. The auto trims are continuously retrimming the aircraft depend- ing on the flight conditions in order to minimize the torque applied on the autopilot servos and to keep the Control forces at zero. Difficulties to trim out the con- trol forces are indicated on the EADI's by the RUD, AIL or EL annunciators. ‘Thereisalsoan AUTO TRIM warning lighton the Cen- tral Waring Panel, which will come on if the AP auto {rim or YD auto trim system should fail. The APIYD can be disengaged: ° by pushing the AP disconnect button an the control wheel. A second push will eset the aural warning. AUTOFLIGHT, CAT I Description © by moving the AP/YD levers to DISENGAGED posi- tion, * by selecting GA (L/R Power lever button). © by operating the pitch trim switches. (AP disengage only.) The Stall warning computers will automatically disen- ‘gage the A?/YD if a stall situation should occur. The APIYD will also disengage automatically when the monitoring ‘unction detects certain failures. When the autopilot becomes disengaged, the aural waming “cavalry charge” comes on. The warning can be reset by pushing he AP disconnect button and with the GA button. Command Cutout ‘The autopilot will not disconnect at extreme attitudes, There is however a feature in the autopilot known as, Command Cutout, which means that at extreme pitch rates/normal accelerations and/or roll rates/oank angles, the autopilot will coase to give steering com- mands. Onze the aircraft is back to normal attitudes ( below the command cutout triggering levels) the auto- pilot wil resume to give steering commands. The trig- poeennandandengacomant wae ees Elevate seve FOIA ede amuncaton Elovaterautotim | user autor <1 FIG. 1. FGAS - system schematics. ‘and dagnestic to EFIS. 3.1 PAGE 7 Dec 21/94SAAB 340B Aircraft Operat 3, ns Manual CONTROLS AND INDICATORS. A AUTOFLIGHT, CAT I Description A NAV SOURCE SELECTORS Navs nav. U FDIAP. B B APCONTROL PANEL Loc. NAV SOURCE SELECTOR Pushbuttons (green). ‘The NAV S Left respective Right pushbuttons are used to couple left or right navigation source to the HDG bug cn EHS! will synchronize to existing head- ing if pushed in NAV mode and captured on VOR or = TAN > Z ENGAGED a che 4 ID we (=| y DISENGAGED. YDVAP engage levers. ‘The YD and AP engage levers are spring loaded to DISENGAGED position. Moving levers to ENGAGE position engages Yaw Damper and Autopilot after a selftest period ‘of one (1) sec. YD may be engaged sepa rately. Moving AP lever to ENGAGED wil engage both YD and AP. TURN knob. apply heading PITCH wheel. ‘TURN knob/pitch wheel. ‘The rate type TURN knobis spring loadedto return to. center detent position. The knob is used to manually ‘commands to FD/AP. Moving TURN knob outof detent slews the HOG bug at arate proportionalto amount of knob displacement. Pitch whee! is spring loaded to retum to a center detent position, The wheel is used to manually apply verti cal speed commands to FD/AP in steps of 50 ft Moving pitch wheel from detent resets vertical mode to VS (except in GS "CAP" and ALTS mode) and then| slews vertical speed reference at rate proportional to the amount of wheel displacement. FIG. 2. FGAS - controls and indicators. 3.1 PAGE 8 Dec 21/94SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Deseription Mode select panel. Mode select buttons are integrally lighted, | ‘momentary push-on buttons, Indicators in ‘mode buttons illurninate to annunciate mode selected. Active as well as preselected/armed modes are annunciated on EADI. {i addition to modes selected on MSP, GA push buttons in the power levers provide GA mode. For description of the various modes, see 1.4. Mode description. A MODE SELECT PANEL (MSP) Cea) | Gea) 0 EEE Ea) (||) a B CENTRAL WARNING PANEL (CWP) TENG ‘AMONG Tay RENG FIRE. SMOKE SMOKE FIRE LENG | cARGO | CABIN ENG oupacss | swoke | Press +| ones UTALP PROP: RTALP or BRAKE HoT ‘AUTO ‘ATO CONFIG AUTO. PiroH | RUDDER COARSEN TR uM FIG. 3. MSP and AUTO TRIM warning light - controls and indicators, Mode indicator << Lateral mod <— Vertical modes Vertical navigation (Optional) Half bank mode (Optional) AUTO TRIM warning light. Comes on ifthe autopilot should detect a failure in the AP auto trim or YD auto trim systems. 3.1 s PAGE 9 Dec 21/04SABB 3408 AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Description THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ! 3.1 s PAGE 10 Dec 21/94Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Description Indicates distance from aircraft to path capture ‘when TO TRK annunciates NM and to aimpoint when TO ALT annunciates NM. A VERTICAL NAVIGATION INDICATOR /;-—————___—_______—. ‘SETUP display and annunciators. r (VNI) (IF INSTALLED) | Vertical Speed Required (VSR) display. Used together with the function switch and SET/PUSH SEL ‘Shows the computed VSR to reach the aim- knob to set up aimpoint point. The display goes blank if the computed | parameters. \VSR is greater than 30 000 FPM or if the VNI does not receive distance information. ‘Offset annunciator. SI PUSH TST knob. Indicates that the aimpoint is BEFORE or AFTER the DME/ = Slows the VS bug when rotated and initiates VORTAC station. me ee VNI self test when pushed. Test ————— —__— - = VS pointer goes to 6000 FPM up. ‘Arm annuneiator. ‘Annunciates VS ARM when the PUSH TEST knob is used to set up the Vertical Speed Required (VRSO) to the aimpoint Annunciates ANG ARM when the function switch and the SET/ PUSH SEL knob is used to set the path angle to the aimpoint. = VS flag (ted) appears. ~ VS bug goes 6000 FPM down. ~ OFFSET annunciator sequences from black | to BEFORE to black to AFTER to black. ~ ARM annunciator sequences from black to ‘ANG ARM to black to VS ARM to black. ~ SETUP and DISTANCE annunciators | ~ sequentially show: ~ : —__ SET/PUSH SEL knob. ANNUNCIATOR] UNITS Selects different SETUP parameters. es ie _—— — OFFSET NM _ STA. EL FT ALT, FT Function switch. ANG DEG | USE — Momentary selection activates second aimpoint | ‘ TOTRK NM parameters. a TOALT NM | PRE Used to pre-set a second aimpoint. Vertical Speed (VS) bug. tl ACT Used to set up the first aimpoint. Indicate ealcted VS whon the AP FDisin ~ SETUP display indicates 888.8.8. i tee the VS mode, and in selected with the = DISTANCE display indicates 18.8. ay Ge ee | PUSH TST knob when not in the VS hold, “WSR aspay indicates..8 FIG. 4. VNI ~ controls and indicators - if installed. _ PAGE 11/12 Dec 21/94SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual Engagement of the autopilot is annunclated as a green box with the letters AP. The annunciation {tums red and flashes when disengagement oc- cuts. A second push on the disengage button will reset the warnin Disengagement of the yaw damper is annun- ciated as a yellow box with the letters YD. A se- cond push on the disengage button will reset the warning. Flight Director flag. Fallure of the fight director is annunciated as a | red box with the letters FD. The flight director will be removed (not shown in this picture). The in- dication will flash for then seconds before becom- ing steady. FIG. 5. FD/AP modes. So AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Deseription LATERAL MODES: HD@ VOR 1 (Amm/Cap.) VOR 2 (Arm/Cap,) LOC 1 (Armm/Cap.) LOC 2 (Amm/Cap.) LRN 1 (Option) GA (Go Around) DR (Dead Reckoning) —$ ee VERTICAL MODES: WW VS (Vert speed up - VWs rate in fin.) WW VS __ (Vert speed down - VVWV is rate in ftimin) SSSICLB (CLIMB - SSS is speod in knots, lis speed mode L - M - H.) SSS ALT (ALTITUDE - SSS is Flight advisory speed in knots for long range cruise — only displayed when ALT in track mode.) SSS ALTS (ALTITUDE - SSS is Flight advisory speed in knots for long range cruise - only displayed when ALTS in track mode.) SSS IAS (indicated airspeed - SSS is speed in knots.) ALTS {Altitude preselect armed/captured,) Gs (Glideslope armedcaptured) GA {Go Around) NAV (Vertical Nav. if installed.) FD, Flight Director command bar in magenta, FD bar disappears when failures occurs. Ian elevator, aileron or rudder mistrim is detected, a yellow box with the letters EL, AIL or RUD will appear, indicating difficulties to trim out the control forces. Fight Director comparator caution in yellow. Comes on flashing at differences or more than 5 degrees between the displayed pitch steering or rol steering commands, reset by master ceution button. ‘The mode annunciation in in WHITE for armed GREEN for captured modes. 3.1 s PAGE 13/14 Dec 21/94AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Description AVP DISC BUTTON DISPLAY CONTROL PANEL (OCP) MODE SELECT PANEL (MSP) AP CONTROL PANEL 36 SI I@Iole dl + ola ~ EFIS 2 for right side. 2. RATST button - PRESS. = L DOP for left side. -R DCP for right side. 3. RA TST button and EFIS test switch .... RELEASE. 4, FOS DIAGNOSTICS in red comes up on EADI and EHS! . =. CHECK, 8, Use pitch wheel on AP CONTROL PANEL to display YD DIS CODE. The codes roll over in alphabetical order. ~ Wheel DN, code rolls forward. ~ Wheel UP, code rolls reversed. ~ Operate whee! momentarily ON or UP to slowly roll codes. 9. On the MSP . FIFTH LINE. 12. to disengage FCS DIAGNOSTICS — LAVP DISC button and EFIS 1 for left side. ~ RAP DISC button and EFIS 2 for right side, MOVE THE CURSOR DOWN TO. 13. End of procedure. =) [w Ge] (RB 0H mE @ — ID ¥ = ? | 12. 7 8 2 9. 1. [2 IF FAILURE WITH THE FD/AP SYSTEM OCCURS, PERFORM FCS. 5. nthe MSP .... . SIMULTANEOUSLY PRESS 10. Use pitch wheel to display YD ENG CODE, DIAGNOSTI . AP DIS, , ANY THREE MODE BUTTONS : ‘AP ENG AND YD ENG CODES IN THE AIRCRAFT LOGBOOK. FOR 3 SEC. a ee tere 6. REPORT MODE comes up on EADI and - 1. EFIS test switch .......... . PRESS AND HOLD. EHS! eee CHE _ AP DIS CODE ~ After Landing, with AP and YD disengaged 7. On the MSP_ MOVE THE CURSOR DOWN ~ YD DIS CODE ‘and before L and R AVION power shutdown. TO THIRD LINE BY MOMEN- - EFIS 1 for left side. TARILY PRESS ANY MODE pare cole BUTTON. - YD ENG CODE . PRESS A/P DISC BUTTON AND THEREAFTER, PRESS EFIS TEST SWITCH. 4 Fes DIAGNosTics FIG. 6. FCS DIAGNOSTICS - FD/AP failure annunciation mode. Fos DIAGNOSTICS, 3.1 s PAGE 15/16 Dec 21/95 Fos DIAGNOSTICS.SAAB 340B 4, ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY. Flight director .........ceseceeeeee Autopilot Flight director . Autopilot Reuse, Aircraft Operations Manual . LAVIONIC BUS . LAVIONIC BUS R AVIONIC BUS . RAVIONIC BUS AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | FD AP FD AP 3.1 PAGE Dec 7 21/94 DescriptionSAAB 340B Steere, Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation 1. LIMITATIONS. Unit Min Normal Max 0.1. OPERATION LIMITS. AP speed limits: AILAP/YD operation .....- kt 1.3Vs - Vo!Miwo 0.2 . OPERATIONAL LIMTS. Flight Director. Use of flight director information in go-around mode during takeoff is not authorised. 0.3 . OPERATIONAL LIMTS. ‘Yaw Damper. ‘YD Operation not authorised for: = Takeoff = Go Around = Landing 0.4 . OPERATIONAL LIMTS. ‘NI 800 (if installed). ‘The vertical guidance mode is not certified for use as primary source for vertical navigation. 3.2 s PAGE 1 dun 24/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT I Oporaion 1. NORMAL OPERATION. 14 FOIAP MODE LoaiC. A. Vertical Modes: SELECT SELECT” VERTICAL ERAT — PTO ROULRNOE [RETR Sele” [ante Joow [eons |iwos_ Jenusts rena. [Wes [NaNoson /enkor”® |exUses wiooes* fica EAD Soe WS fay —Janir | TOZERO | SESE HUGE |SEESE | RST VER- Wermon |tecreo [orvs [teers | Hearwose tavess. [Ebiimano [tater | OScumS at wobe wobe” [powers 1S ANY, ANY TOzERO [SEE SE- RETURN [SEE SE- = imsernon [escres — iows [iscieo woe Woe Gime |aw [a }TOzERO | SEESE [RETURN [seE se. | UGESSNE Tame |uces |fovw” |tsews — |pusseser Giron” |EeGenk [idbe | Lafeee | Eittisotron woo Wooe | Gyeces trae PES At |’ maw [OZER | EES RETURN SEES aT REF NCS Araer [Sco row” [tees [foes ise. |se [leat |ABEAP Se. nob obe" [fox no Baro. Seteonnee Fon ‘ALTS [ANY ‘ANY ‘SEESE- [SEE SE- ‘SEES |SEESE- ‘ALWAYS ARMED ‘an een tec |tecro [isGen [Bcetenes Ais AW [Oscar [TORE | SEESE em SSoer |oumeara [tect teie> | dauces Serve” [laren — aonaye [late | Gtane® ro vs woe [Ome |ioce" (sno mene SSTCRF TOMI] SEESE SENSE [seece —rommisame Sato" | ArEan tives |StaNee ro MODE MODE ALT AND AERANBALTS 7 |SEESE—[roncaue [SES |— ——reauines fore | Nora | orto, Seon hone “* [oe [Nove PAGE 2 Feb 02/01SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation A. Vertical Modes: (Cont'd) SELECT SELECT” [VERTIGAL LATERAL | PI'GH | ROLL KNOB] REMARK ABLE |ABLE [COM CoMMaNDs |KNOB | CAUSES LATERAL |VER- | MANDSON |ONEADI | CAUSES MODES |TICAL | EADI MODES os ANY [GA TOZERO |TOZERO |— = REQUIRES "CAPT @s0Ev |LOG DEV ‘APPR MOD SE- LECTING HDG. OR CAUSES CHANGE TO vs DISENGAGES YO AND AP, CANGELS ANY LAT OR VERT MODE (ALTS “CAP” AND ALTS "TRAC MIGHT HOWEVER BE IMMEDIATELY RECAPTURED). CAUSES HDG HLD AND A FIXED 6.4° PITCH UP COMMAND, SELECTING HDG GIVES HDGIGA. ENGAGING AP RETURNS SYSTEM TO VS MODE. WHEN IN ALTS “CAP” LAT MODE WILL CHANGE TO GA AND VERT MODE WILL REMAIN ALTS UNTIL A NEW VERT MODE IS MANUALLY SELECTED. ANY [VNAV |SEESE |SEESE. SESE SEESE | VNAV"ARMT vam’ [LECTED |LecTeD | LECTED |LecTeD —_| NOT SELECT- (Option) NoTSe. |VERTICAL |LATERAL [VERTICAL [LATERAL — | ABLE INALTS. Lect | Move MODE MODE | MODE \VNAV ARM NOT ABLE IN SELECTABLE, ATS UNTIL 3 MIN FROM THE DE: ‘SCEND POINT ANY [ANY FLIES COM |[SEESE- |RETURN |SEESE- | REQUIRES manos |Lecteo = |Tovs = |tecreD ~—| APPRMOD. FROM LATERAL, LATERAL — | VNAV"CAP* vnr-soo | MODE MODE WILL NOT OC- CURINALTS: SELECT: [SELECT | VERTICAL [LATERAL] PITCH J ROLL KNOB] REMARK ABLE |ABLE | COM. COMMANDS |KNO3 | CAUSES LATERAL |VER- | MANDSON ON EAD | CAUSES MODES |TicAL | EAD! MODES HOG [ANY [ANY ‘SEESE |TOZERO [SEE SE | HDGBUGON | BASIC LATERAL LECTED | HDGDIFFER-|LECTED EHSITO | MODE. OCCURS VERTICAL |ENCEON | VERTICAL | SLEW AT POWER UP MODE EHS! MODE Nav JANY [ANY SEE SE. |TOZERO [SESE | HDGBUG ON | FLIES HOG UN- "ARM LecteD |HOGDIFFER-|LeCTED |EHSITO — |TILVOROR. APPR VERTICAL |ENCEON | VERTICAL |SLEW LOC CAPTURE "ARM MODE EHS! MODE: NAV [ANY [ANY SEESE. |TOACQUIRE |SEESE- [HDG BUG ON | REQUIRED VAL- “CAP LECTED |ANDTRACK [LECTED JeHSITO — |ID VORLOG VERTICAL |ZEROVOR! | VERTICAL | SLEW SIGNAL MODE tocvev | Move ‘APPR [ANY [ANY ‘SEESE- /TOZERO | SEESE. _|HOGBUGON (HOG WILL RE- "ARM? LecteD |HOGDIFFeR-|LecTeD |eHsITO | SULTLAT veRTICAL |ENCEON | VERTICAL | SLEW SELECTION OF MODE EHS! MODE APPR, APPR [ANY [ANY SEE SE. [TOACQUIRE |SEESE- [HDG BUG ON | REQUIRES VAL- ‘CAP LECTED |ANDTRACK |LECTED EHSITO | IDLOC SIGNAL VERTICAL |ZERO VOR! | VERTICAL | SLEW MODE tocoev | Move 3.2 s PAGE = 3. Feb 15/04SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT ‘Operation 2 NORMAL OPERATION. (Cont'd) CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES 24 AUTOPILOT GENERAL. ‘The autopilot and its various modes shall normally be used to the greatest possible extent, As a general rule, the pilot flying the aircraft (1/P) shall operate the au- topitot ‘The AP modes shall be monitored by use of the EADI. The light in the mode buttons in the MSP shall only be regarded as a reminder of depressed but- tons. When the autopilot is used below 1 500 ft, 1/P must keep one hand on the control wheel and have his feet on the rudder pedals, prepared to disen- gage the autopilot and take over manual control if necessary, 2.2 FLIGHT DIREC- ‘The FD V-shaped (magenta-colored) command bar shall normally be se- TOR, GENER- lected on both EADIs. However, the displayed command bars can be dese- AL. lected by pressing the FD button on the DCP except in APPR mode. 2.3 FDCOMMAND | 1. FD button on DCP panel PRESS BARS ACTIVA- TONIDERC: Check FD command bar to appea'/disappear on EAD TIVATION. 7 2.4 AUTOPILOT 1. Modes on MSP... ceesteseetereesresresees SELECT AS ENGAGEMENT. DESIRED — Check indicator in mode button fo illuminate and an- nunciation to appear in EADI. AP and YD engage levers AP YD HOLD FOR ‘APPROX. ONE SECOND TO COM PLETE TEST SEQUENCE, — Check EADI to announce AP engegement (boxed AP in green). 3.2 s PAGE 4 Oct 15/99Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES 25 MODES Modes are normally selected by pressing the respective buttons on MSP. The GENERAL. indicator in button illuminates. ALTS mode is always armed by the APA as indicates on the EADI by a white ALTS under the active vertical made. An automatic mode change will occur when actual fying altitude intercepts with the calculated capture point for the ‘APA setting. Exception: ALTS is nct armed in GS "CAP". GA mode can only be engaged by GA switches in power levers ‘Anew mode can always be selected by pushing desired button on MSP. Exceptions: Anew vertical mode can not be selected in ALTS unless first solecting a new altitude on the APA. — Anew vertical mode can not be selected in GS "CAP" unless a new lateral mode or GA is selected. Operation of pitch wheel will give amode change to VS except in GS "CAP" and ALTS. HALF BANK ‘The Half Bank mode is a submode to HDG and NAV. It reduces the bank limit MODE ‘rom 27° to 13.5° in these modes. The mode is selected by pressing the 1/2 (Optional). BANK button, and indicated on the MSP only. The modes turned off by a sec- ond push on the button. (Push on/oush off function). 2.6 VS MODE 1. VS button. . PRESS (Basic mode). = Check EADI to annunciate VS and vertical speed at time of VS selection. To change selected vertical speed: Pitch wheel .. DN or UP — Pitch wheel is springloaded to center detent position. Movement from detent provides a slew rate command proportional to wheel displacerrent. Selected vertical speed is annunciated in EADI. The vertical speed can also be changedby pressing and. releasing the VERT SYNC butten. 3.2 PAGE 5 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Seu, Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS. NORMAL PROCEDURES 2.7 AS MODE. 1. IAS button . : . PRESS — Check EADI to annunciate 1AS and airspeed at time of IAS selection. ‘To.change selected airspaed: — Change of selected airspeed is by pressing and releas- ing the VERT SYNC button or via other modes. 2.8 CLIMB MODE. CLIMB button . : c+. PRESS. ~Check EADI to annunciate CLB HiM/L respectively and computed airspeed. H = Low R-o-G (High IAS) M = Medium R-o-C (Medium IAS) L = Best R-o-C (Low IAS) = Selection of H/M/L is made by successive pushes on the CLIMB button. ~ At capture, there may be a slight undershoot of maxi mum 7 Kt, 2.9 ALTMODE. 1. ALT button ...... reno PRESS —Check EAD! to annunciate ALT in green and Flight advi- sory speed for long range cruise (knots IAS) andthe FD to respond, 240 ALTSMODE. | 1. Altitude set knob (APA) SET DESIRED ALTITUDE — Check EADI to annunciate ALTS in white under active vertical mode. Altitude select is always armed, Any oth- er vertical mode (VS, IAS, CLIMB) can be used with alti- tude select prior to capture. —Monitor the system when approaching the selected altt- tude. Verity altitude alert and that the annunciation ‘changes from armed (ALTS in white) to capture (ALTS. (Contd) in green) when approaching the attude 3.2 s PAGE 6 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | ‘Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) ~Ataaltitude capture, FO/AP commands changes in pitch attitude to guide aircraft onto, and hold, selected alti- tude. NOTE — — — — - ES ot APA seing cing cape phase wil oven IAP o v= | mode VS. At capture check EADI to annunciate ALTS in green. Flight advisory speed for long range cruise (knots IAS) ‘comes on when ALTS in track. 2.41, VNAV MODE. (Optional) (Conta) 4. Offset from DME (if desired) .. ‘The vertical Navigation Indicator (VNI), (if installed), computes and displays the required parameters for Vertical Navigation (V NAV). ‘Automatic patch capture above or kelow present altitude using intial vertical speed: NAV frequency selector .... - SET VOR/DME FREQUENCY - CLEARED TO ALT ‘ SET = Set function switch to ACT. Push the SET/PUSH SEL knob and observe ALT FT annunciated. Rotate knob to set the cleared to aimpoint altitude in SETUP display. SET NM BEFORE OR AFTER DME STATION ~ Push SET/PUSH SEL knob twice and check OFFSET NM annuneiator. Rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob unt SETUP display ind- cates desited offset and offset annunciator shows cor- reot location before or after the DME station. Attitude presetect Aimpoint altitude . ... Tochange OFFSET from AFTER (A) to BEFORE (-), rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob clockwise, then counte-clockwise until annunciator shows BEFORE (e). Then rotate clockwise for correct offset in nautical miles. PAGE 7 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Seeger, Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | ‘Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Conta) 5. Station elevation ....... . SET - Push SET/PUSH SEL knob and observe STA ELFT an- nunciated. Rotate SET/PUSH SET knob to set up station elevation lo the nearest 100 ft. 6. VS Bug desired climb/descend rate . SET Rotate PUSH TEST knob as required for intial VS and check VS ARM ~The VSR display shows computed VS required to the aimpoint at the present ground speed 7. VINAV button (on the MSP) ..... - PRESS = Check TO TRK NM annunciatec. DISTANCE display shows distance to path capture point = When the aircraft reaches the path capture point, the VS ARM and TO TRK annunciators go blank and the FD/AP captures the path to the aimpoint. ~The VS bug will retract. TO ALT NM willbe annunciated and the distance display now show the distance to the aimpoint = When the aircraft reaches the aimpoint (which is at the altitude selected on the altitude pre-selector) automatic level off occurs. ‘Automatic path capture above or below present altitude using selected path angle: 1. NAV frequency selector . . SET VOR/DME FREQUENCY 2. Altitude preselect . . SET CLEARED TO ALT 3. Aimpoint altitude SET ~ Set function switch to ACT, push SET/PUSH SEL knob and observe ALT FT annunciated, Rotate the knob to set cleared to aimpoint altitude in SETUP display. 4. Desired path angle .. SET ~ Push SET/PUSH SEL knob. Observe ANG DEG an- ‘nunciated. (Contd) 3.2 s PAGE 8 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | ‘Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) (Contd) Rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob until ANG SETUP display indicates desired path angle and check ANG ARM an- ‘nunciator in view. (Disregard DISTANCE display if any numbers are present.) Oiset from DME (i dasired) SET NM BEFORE OR AFTER DME STATION — Push SET/PUSH SEL knob and check OFFSET NM annuneiated. — Rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob until SETUP display indi- cates desired offset and offset arnunciator shows cor- rect location before or after the DME station. ‘To change OFFSET from AFTER (A) to BEFORE (=), rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob clockwise, then counterclockwise until annunciator shows BEFORE (-). Then rotate clockwise for correct offset in nautical miles. Station elevation Push SET/PUSH SEL knob and oaserve STA EL FT an- nunciated. Rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob to sat up station elevation to the nearest 100 ft \V NAV button (on the MSP) 5 PRESS ~Check TO TRK NM annunciated. Distance display shows distance to path captured point — When aircraft reaches path capture point, the ANG ‘ARM and TO TRK annunciators go blank and the AP FD captures the path to the aimpoint. ~ Check TO ALT NM annunciated. DISTANCE display now shows the distance to the aimpoint. ~The VSR display shows VS required to reach the aim- point = When aircratt reaches aimpoint (which is atthe altitude selected on the altitude preselector) automatic level - off occurs. 3.2 s PAGE 9 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B See Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) ‘Manual path capture: 1. NAV frequeney selector .. SET VOR/DME FREQUENCY 2. Atitude preselect SET CLEARED TO ALT 3. Aimpoint altitude . een . SET Set function switch to ACT, push SET/PUSH SEL knob and observe ALT FT annunciated, then rotate knob to set the cleared to aimpoint attitude in the SETUP dis- play. 4. Offset from DME (if desired) . -.. SET NM BEFORE OR AFTER DME STATION = Push SET/PUSH SEL knob twice and check OFFSET NM annunciated. — Rotate SETIPUSH SEL knob unil setup display indi- cates desired offset and offset annunciator shows cor- rect location before or after the DME station. NoE— — — —-——————————> ‘Tochange OFFSET from AFTER (A) to BEFORE (-), rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob clockwise, then counterclockwise until annunciator shows, BEFORE (-). Then rotate clockwise for correct offset in nautical miles. 5. Station elevation . eon . SET —Push SET/PUSH SEL knob and observe STA EL FT an- rnunciated. — Rotate SET/PUSH SEL knob to set up station elevation to the nearest 100 ft 6. Function selector coon - SET VSR display shows the VS required from present posi- tion to the aimpoint. Once a desired VS is reached, a irect to aimpoint can be initiates by momentary rotat- ing the function switch to DIR and back to ACT. ~ Distance to the aimpoint TO ALTis shown on the DIS- TANCE display. (Cont) 3.2 s PAGE 10 Oct 16/99SAAB 340B Aircrat Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) — For path tracking information use FD display on EADI or vertical deviation display on EHSI. —When the aircraft reaches the aimpoint (which is at the altitude selected on the altitude preselector) the altitude alert (visual and aural) comes on and the pilot manually levels off at the preselected altitude. 242 HDG MODE. 1. HDG selector on CHP ... Bee SET DESIRED {Basic Mode) HEADING 2. HDG button .. -+. PRESS — Check EADI to annunciate HDG. — Heading can be changed by the HDG knob on CHP or by TURN knob on AP control panel. = TURN knob is springloaded to center detent position. Movement from detent provides a slew rate command proportional to knob displacement. 2.13 NAV-VOR ‘The two NAV SOURCE SELECTOR (NAVS L/R) buttons are used to cou- MODE. ple left or right navigation source signals to the FD/AP. 1. NAV frequency selector . SET VOR FREQUENCY . SET 2. CRS selector ... = Check course readout on EHSI. 3. NAV SOURCE SELECTOR push button - PRESS LEFT/ RIGHT 4, MSP NAV button. PRESS When NAV mode is selected before capture conditions are met, the system automatically goes into HDG mode whilst NAV is armed. ~ Check HDG green and VOR white on EADI. HDG KNOB .. ‘SET VOR INTERCEPT HOG 6 AtVOR "CAP", VOR green on EAD! . - CHECK (Cont'd) 3.2 s PAGE 11 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT I Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) ‘When overtiying a VOR station (core of confusion) the FD/AP will revert to dead reckoning and hold selected course (CRS 1/CRS 2). This is an- xd on EAD! with a yellow DR. 2.14 NAV-LOC MODE. (Conta) [— CAUTION The back course is automatically corrected for by EFIS and annun- ciated by a yellow BIC replacing the GS indication on the EADVEHSI. With the CRS selector set for the normal localizer inbound course the LOG symbols on the EADI/EHS! are not reversed when flying: Inbound on the back course. = Outbound on the localizer inbound course. CAUTION a a = a ‘The standby VORIILS indicator will eserve the Localizer indication when flying back course. [— WARNING =I! the course pointer is set toa wrong inbound course prior established he pointer is moved away from a correct inbound course after es- tablished on the localizer, the aircraft can or will deviate from the localiz- or. ~ SET CORRECT INBOUND COURSE. ‘The purpose of this mode is to lock the FD/AP to the localizer only at airports where there is no glideslope or the glidestope beam is not suitable for auto- matic approach. Glideslope deviation information is presented in the EADI. 1. NAV frequency selector . . . SETILS FREQUENCY 2. CRS selector - SET ILS INBOUND COURSE Check course readout on EHSI. 3. NAV SOURCE SELECTOR push buttons PRESS LEFT/ RIGHT 4, HDG knob ....... - SET LOC INTERCEPT HDG 3.2 s PAGE 12 Oct 16/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) MSP NAV button PRESS = Do not select NAV mode until locaizer deviation indica~ tion becomes active and correct localizer beam con- firmed —When NAV mode is selected before capture conditions are met, the system automatically goes into HDG mode whilst NAV is armed. = Check HDG green and LOC white on EADI. ‘AtLOG "CAP", LOC green on EAD! .... . CHECK VS or IAS button PRESS ~ Check EADI to annunciate VS or IAS. HDG K0D oo. eeeeeeesteeseseseseceesesess SET GA HDG Altitude set knob (APA) . . . SET GA ALT ~ To be selected alter descending below GA altude. 2.15 APPR MODE. (Contd) [— CAUTION — ‘The back course is automatically corrected for by EFIS and annun- ciated by a yellow B/C replacing the GS indication on the EADVEHSI, With the CRS selector set for the normal localizer inbound course the LOC symbols on the EADIEHS! are not reversed when fying: — Inbound on the back course. CAUTION ~ a 7 oe a 5 ‘The standby VORIILS indicator will reserve the localizer indication when flying back course. WARNING. = Ifthe course pointer is set to a wrong inbound course prior established orf the pointer is moved away from a correct inbound course atter es- tablished on the localizer, the aircraft can or will deviate from the localiz- er. ~ SET CORRECT INBOUND COURSE. 3.2 s PAGE 18 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B ‘Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | ‘Operation CONDITIONS NORMAL PROCEDURES (Cont'd) The lateral operation of this mode is essentially the same as in NAV LOC mode except for higher FD/AP control law gains go give increased precision during approach. 1. NAV frequency selector . SET ILS FREQUENCY ~The ILS frequency should be selected on both NAV controls. 2. CRS selector .. SET ILS INBOUND COURSE ~ Check course readout on EHSI. 3. HDG knob . SETLOG INTERCEPT HOG DOP ....... «+. SETHDG MSP APPR button cite - PRESS ~Do not selected APPR mode untillocalizer deviation in- dication becomes active and correct localizer beam confirmed. — When APPR mode is selected before capture condi- tions are met, system automatcally goes into HDG mode whilst APPR is armed. HDG green, LOC white on EADI .... ieee CHECK’ ‘AtLOC "CAP", LOC green and GS white on EAD... CHECK At GS "CAP", GS green on EAD! so. CHECK — Radio height is used to gain program localizer and gli- deslope signals. 9, HDG knob . . SETGAHDG 10. Altitude set knob (APA) <.. SETGAALT CAUTION -- -- —— Ce -- The pilot is the master monitor and progress should be continuously as- sessed during the approach using ILS raw data. PAGE 14 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual ~~ AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS, NORMAL PROCEDURES 2.16 GA MODE. 1. GA button on power levers .........05 .. PRESS — Check EADI to annunciate GA. - AP/YD disengages. FD commands existing heading and a fixed pitch atti- tude. — HDG indicator remains at preset heading, Re-engagement of AP: Condition for re-engagement: ~ Radio height equal to or greater than 200 ft 2 APD «0.0 5 ENGAGE Check ADI to annunciate: ~ GA as lateral mode. VS as vertical mode. 3. HDG button . . PRESS ~ Check EADI to annunciate HDG. ~The FD/AP will now give commands to aquire and hotd preset HDG. 4, Monitor the system when approaching the selected go-around altitude. 3.2 s PAGE 15 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Seegen, Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation 3. ABNORMAL OPERATION. For Abnormal Operation, also see section 23, ABNORMAL PRO- CEDURES and 24, EMERGENCY PROCEDURES. CONDITIONS, ABNORMAL PROCEDURES: 3.1 FD WARNING ON. INDICATIONS. - FD wa 9 (RED) in one or both EADI's. = FD command bars disappear (from affected side/sides). ~ FD mode annunciation disappear (on affected side/sides) If AP engaged, engage lever drops to DISENGAGE, engage annunciation ‘on EADI disappears and visual (EAD!) and aural AP warning comes on. ACTIONS. 1. AP disconnect button PUSH ~ This will cancel AP warnings. = If not effective pull affected side/sides FD CB G-13, N-10. 2 CBS eee cececeRLEEEE -» CHECKIRESET CB FD G-13, N-10 and AP G-12, N-11. CAUTION Soe ae in Check mode annunciation before re-engagement. 3. AP engage lever .. - ENGAGED Try to re-engage AP. ‘After landing, with AP and YD disengaged, and before power shut-down, perform the DIAGNOSTICS REPORT MODE: See AOM 3.1 page 15/16, FCS diagnostics. 3.2 s PAGE 16 Oct 15/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT I Operation CONDITIONS ABNORMAL PROCEDURES: 3.2 AP WARNING ON. INDICATIONS. — AP engage levers drops to DISENGAGE. ~ AD warning (red flashing) in both EADIs — AD aural waming (cavalry charge) comes on. ACTIONS. 1. AP disconnect button... . PUSH = This will cancel AP warnings. 2 CBs... . CHECKIRESET AP G12, N11 CAUTION. —— --—— [- ‘Check mode annunciation before re-engagement. _| . ENGAGED 3. AP engage lever .. Try to re-engage AP. After landing, with AP and YD disangaged, and before Bowor shut-down, perform the DIAGNOSTICS REPORT ‘See AOM 3.1 page 15/16, FCS diagnostics. 3.2 PAGE 17 Oct 16/99SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS. ABNORMAL PROCEDURES: 3.3 ABNORMAL INDICATIONS. BEHAVIOR. ‘One or more of the following: — AP does not follow FD commands. — AP impossible to disengage in one or more channels. — Elevator trim indicator shows abnormal trim action. — Single stroke chime. — Master caution light. —FD hard over. — AVIONICS light on CWP. = Mistrim annunciation (EL, RUD, AIL) in both EADI's, not correlated to rapid maneuver. ACTIONS. 1. Qverpower AP and return controls to normal. 2. AP disconnect button .. PRESS ~ If disengagement successful: end of procedure. It not successful: 3 CBs... PULL —FD G13, N-10, = Do not re-engage AP. After landing, with AP and YD disengaged, and before power shut-down, perform the DIAGNOSTICS REPORT MODE: See AOM 3.1 page 15/16, FCS diagnostics. 3.2 s PAGE 18 Oct 15199SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation Engine failure. CONDITIONS ‘ABNORMAL PROCEDURES Rad aie ai) INDICATION | WHEN "ACTION ERRURES OR FAILURE ‘Above 600 | Approach may be continued to CAT | poe feet ARTE | _ minima. APPROACH. z Below 600 feet ARTE Perform immediate go-around un- less visual contact has been estab- lished. New approach may be per- formed to CAT | minima. EFIS Comparator warnings. ‘Above _ 600 foot ARTE ‘Approach may be continued to CAT minima with close attention to fight path. Below _ 600 feet ARTE Perform immediate go-around un- less visual contact has been estab- lished. New approach may be per- formed to CAT I minima. Glidesiope and/or Localizer red flag, ‘Above _ 600 feet ARTE, Approach may be continued to CAT | minima using remaining serviceable equipment. Below _ 600 feet ARTE Ferform immediate go-around unless visual contact has been established. New approach may be performed to CAT | minima, Failure of one EAD! or one EHS! or both, ARTE = Above Runway Threshold Elevation Perform immediate go-around un- less visual contact has been estab- lished. New approach may be per- formed to CAT | minima with ADI REV/HSI REV or ORIVE XFR selected 3.2 s PAGE 19 Feb 02/01SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | = Flight Director command bar disappears replaced by FD red flag, - LOC and/or GS indication disappears replaced by LOC andlor GS red flag, Captured LOC andlor GS annunciation remain in capture (green). — APPR or NAV mode remain selected, ~The FD/AP will maintain short term dead reckoning (not announced on the EAD!) until other modes are salected. ACTIONS. ~ Perform GO-AROUND. Operation CONDITIONS ABNORMAL PROCEDURES | 3.5 ALTITUDE It itis evident that the system is not responding correctly to capture the PRESELECTOR selected altitude, disconnect the autopliot and manually fly the aircraft ALERTER onto the altitude disregarding Flight Director command. Select ALT mode, FAILURE verity mode annunciation on EADI and re-engage autopilot. TO CAPTURE SET ALTITUDE. When a mode data source fails to a flagged condition, the FD command bars will disappear from view, the red FD flag will appear. In such an event, the pilot is responsible for evaluating the situation and taking proper action such as disengaging the autopilot or changing flight director modes. Other failure modes can occur which will provide different cues such as aircraft atitude or fight path changes and itis always the pilots responsiblity to monitor system operation against raw data and other sources. However, the following paragraphs (3.6 and 3.7) describe two important situations ‘more in detail 3.6 LOCIGS ‘When flying in APPR or NAV mode and LOC and/or GS capture. Loss of GROUND LOC and/or GS radio signals due to ground station interruption will STATION cause the following on the EAD! INTERRUP- TION. 3.2 PAGE 20 Oct 15/99 sSAAB 340B — Aircraft Operations Manual AUTOFLIGHT, CAT | Operation CONDITIONS, ABNORMAL PROCEDURES: 3.7 ELECTRICAL POWER INTER- RUPTION WHEN FLYING Locias. When flying in APPR and LOG and/or GS capture or in NAV mode and LOC capture. Loss of electrical power to the NAV receiver will cause the following on the EADI: LOSS OF 28 VDC: — The FDIAP will revert to basic modes (HDG/VS) changing captured LOC/GS annunciation to capured HOGIVS annunciation, = LOC andior GS indication disappears. = The FD/AP will maintain HDG and VS mode until other modes are solected. LOSS OF 26 VAG INVERTER: | — No effect on LOCIGS. ACTIONS: ~ Perform GO AROUND. 3.2 PAGE 21 Sep 06/02SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual (0, MODIFICATION STANDARD. The system in this chapter assumes a certain modification standard of the aircraft. If a modification is not installed, the foilowing applies as a complement to what is stated in this chapter. DESCRIPTION /OPERATION. 0.1 Flight Director comparator caution. Without Mod. 1989 embodied: Nod. 1989; EFIS update. = The Flight Director comparator caution is not available and witl not come on if any comparator error detected. Feb 14/90 AUTOFLIGHT, CAT 11 Hight ights: 3.0 0 Page 1SAAB 340B Aircraft Operations Manual 1. GENERAL 1.1, Flight Guidance & Autopilot System (FGAS). The FGAS consists of a Flight Control Computer (FCC) including two independent Flight Directors and, a single, fail passive Autopilot (FD/AP) elevator and, rudder autotrim functions and the Yaw Damper (YD) which provides directional stability augmentation. The ‘Yaw Damper and the rudder autotrim will together pro- Vide "zero ball” function. The FCC is also provided with @ self-monitoring function for maintenance and troubleshooting. ‘The FCC interfaces with various aircraft systems, such as the Air Data System (ADS), Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS), NAV. radios, Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS), Altitude Preselect/Alert System (APA). The FCC functions are controlled by the Mode Select Panels (MSP) Autopilot Panel (APP) and the buttons AP disengage buttons, VERT SYNC button and GA buttons. ‘The Flight Control Computer (FCC) provides steering ‘command signals for control of the flight path in a coordinated manner during all normal phases of flight. The FCC signals are fed to the FD command bars/ symbol on the Electronic Attitude Director Indicators (EADI) and to the control surfaces servo actuators. ‘The FCC starts operation in Heading (HDG) and Ve cal Speed (VS) modes 10 seconds after AHRS flags have disappeared. AP/YD can be engaged after another 30 seconds which is the time of FCC internal test sequence, 1.2. FDIAP. Flight director, FD. ‘The FD function provides visual guidance commands to fly the aircraft manually orto visually monitor the AP. response to the guidance commands. The guidance ‘commands (pitch, roll and speed indication) are se- tected with the FD operating mode pushbuttons on the MSP. Pitch and roll quidance cues as well as mode in- formation from the FO are displayed on the EADI's. ‘The FD command bars on the EADI's direct the pilotto tum, climb or descend. A Fast/Slow indication reflects aircraft speed in relation to speed selection. AUTOFLIGHT, CAT Ii Description Autopilot with yaw damper, AP/YD. ‘The AP furction controls the aircraft in pitch and roll maneuvering axes on commands from the FD. The ‘YD function is a part of the AP rudder steer channel and provides directional stability. Appropriate control surfaces are actuated by the AP to control the aircraft {or the selected FD lateral and vertical mode of opera- tion. The MSP contains pushbuttons for manual selection of desired FD modes of operation. The FD modes willif the AP is engaged automatically control aircraft pitch and roll attitude for the following maneu- vers: fly to and maintain a preselected rate of climb or descent; maintain an existing altitude; descend or climb to and maintain a preselected altitude; fly to and maintain an existing heading; fly to, capture and track aselected VOR of localizer course; capture and track a glidestope. FD modes, ‘The modes of the two independent FD channels are synchronized by a cross-talk function between the two separate FD computers, except for in APPR. mode. Captured (active) modes are annunciated on the EADI's in green text. Armed (selected) modes are an- nunclated on the EADI's in white text. In the following mode descriptions "ARM" and "CAP" are used to indi- cate armec or captured phase of the described mode. When a mode is changed, the new mode annunci- ation blinks for 5 secs. For details on annunciations see Fig. 5 and AOM 16/1.1, NAVIGATION EFIS. The following modes and functions are available: ~ Vertical modes: ° VS (basic mode) olAs ° CLIMB e ALT °AlTS ° VINAV (if installed) * PTCH (Reversionary Mode; not manually select- able) © VERT SYNC (a synchronization function select- able on the control whee) 3.1 ° PAGE 1 Dec 21/94SAAB 340B ‘Aircraft Operations Manual — Lateral modes: * HDG (basic mode) °NAV ~ Combined modes: * APPR ° GA (FD mode only; selectable on the power le- vers). = Diagnostic mode: (maintenance — fault isolation in FGAS; selectable only on ground). 1.3. FD/AP and Yaw Damper engagement! disconnect, autotrim system and Command Cutout. The FDIAP and Yaw Damper may be engaged in the normal flight envelope with certain limitations as stated in AOM 3.2. ‘The AP can be engaged either to the FD on left EAD! or to the FD on right EAD! by pushing the AP XFRI {Auto pilot transfer) button on the APP. An arrow be- side the AP engaged annunciation on the EADI's will show which FD gives steering commands. ‘The FD cispiay on the EADI's can be activatedideacti- vated by consecutive pushes of the FD button on the Display Control Panel (GP) except for in APPR mode where the FD bar always is displayed. ‘The AP/YD engage levers on the Autopilot Panel (APP) allow independent yaw damper engagement. When engaging the autopilot, however, the yaw damper will also be engaged as well as the elevator and rudder autotrim systems. Rudder Autotrim is available also when only YD is engaged. The auto- ‘rims are continuously retrimming the aircraft depend- ing on the flight conditions in order to minimize the torque applied on the autopilot servos and to keep the Control forces at zero. Difficulties to trim out the con- trol forces are indicated on the EADI's by the RUD, AIL or EL annunciators. ‘Thereisalso.an AUTO TRIM warning lighton the Cen- tral Warning Panel which will come on if the AP auto trim or YD auto trim system should fail The APIYD can be disengaged: * by pushing the AP disconnect button on the control wheel. A second push will reset the aural warning. AUTOFLIGHT, CAT II Description by moving the AP/YD levers to DISENGAGED pos- tion. * by selecting GA. (IR Power Lever button.) © by operating the pitch trim switches. (AP diseng. only.) ‘The Stall warning computers will automatically disen- gage the AP/YD if a stall situation should ocour. The APIYD will also disengage automatically when the ‘monitoring function detects certain failures. When the autopilot becomes disengaged, the aural warning "cavalry charge” comes on. The warning can be reset by pushing the AP disconnect button and with the GA button, ‘Command Cutout The autopilot will not disconnect at extreme attitudes. “Thre is however a feature in the autopilot known as Command Cutout, which means that at extreme pitch rates/normal accelerations andlor roll rates/bank angles, the autopilot will cease to give steering com- mands. Once the aircrattis back to normal attitudes ( below the command cutout triggering levels) the auto~ pilot will esume to give steering commands. The trig- gering levels for command cutout are: © Pitch rate greater than 5*/sec or normal acceleration ‘greater than 0.6 G beyond 1.06. The pitch cutout is canceled when the pitch rate is less than 5*/sec and normal acceleration less than 0.2 G beyond 1.0 G. © Roll rate greater than 21*/sec or bank angle greater than 45°, The roll cutout is canceled when the roll rate is less than 5%sec and bank angle less than 45°. Command cutouts will not disconnect the autopilot. 1. 4, Mode description VERTICAL MODES: VS, Vertical Speed Mode. * The FOC gives pitch attitude commands to main- tain the vertical speed existing a time of mode en- agement or — if already in VS mode at time of pressing and releasing the VERT SYNC button on the control wheel. A new vertical speed reference can be selected by the pitch knob on the APP in stoos of 60 3.1 o PAGE = 2 Feb 02/01