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02 - Overview MVAC System - L

This document provides an overview of mechanical ventilation and air conditioning systems. It discusses the basic principles, types of ventilation systems, and components of HVAC systems. Key points include: ventilation regulates temperature and humidity for comfort while supplying fresh air, common system types include window units and central systems, important components are fans, filters, coils and controls. Proper ventilation is important for indoor air quality and building codes provide guidelines on fresh air requirements for different occupancies.

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Muhammad syarifuddin
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173 views

02 - Overview MVAC System - L

This document provides an overview of mechanical ventilation and air conditioning systems. It discusses the basic principles, types of ventilation systems, and components of HVAC systems. Key points include: ventilation regulates temperature and humidity for comfort while supplying fresh air, common system types include window units and central systems, important components are fans, filters, coils and controls. Proper ventilation is important for indoor air quality and building codes provide guidelines on fresh air requirements for different occupancies.

Uploaded by

Muhammad syarifuddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OVERVIEW OF

MECHANICAL VENTILATION
AND AIR CONDITIONING
SESSION 2
SYSTEM
SCOPE AND CONTENT

• Introduction and background of ventilation systems


• Basic principles and terminology
• Types of ventilation systems
• Components of ventilation/HVAC systems

Video
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND

• Ventilation refers to the amount of


fresh air supplied through out the
building.
• According to industry studies, over
half of the indoor air quality
complaints reported can be traced to
problems in ventilation. Wind induces natural Buoyancy Driven ventilation
ventilation
Can we use
natural
ventilation?
MECHANICAL VENTILATION
AND AIR CONDITIONING
(MVAC) SYSTEM

Purpose:

1. Regulates the temperature and humidity for comfort

2. Supplies general ventilation to decrease indoor


pollutants
Industrial Vs Non-industrial Ventilation

Industrial ventilation
Non-Industrial Ventilation System
Generally involves the use of supply Traditionally were built to control
and exhaust ventilation to control temperature, humidity and odors = Comfort
emissions, exposures, and chemical Now, it consider health issues as well
hazards in the workplace
TYPES OF MVAC SYSTEMS

Window and Constant


Single Zone Multiple zone
split unit Volume

Direct
Variable Air Chilled water
expansion
Volume system
system
WINDOW AND SPLIT UNIT

• A compressor

• An expansion valve

• A hot coil (on the outside)

• A chilled coil (on the inside)

• Two fans

• A control unit
BASIC COMPONENT OF AN MVAC SYSTEM

• Outdoor air intake • Ducts


• Mixed-air plenum and outdoor air • Terminal device
control • Return air system
• Air filter • Exhaust or relief fans and air outlet
• Heating and cooling coils • Self-contained heating or cooling unit
• Humidification and/or dehumidification • Control
equipment
• Cooling tower
• Supply fan
• Water chiller
AIR-HANDLING UNIT
(AHU)
AHU

1.Air filters
• Air filters should have a dust-spot rating 2. Humidification and dehumidification
between 35% and 80% or a minimum • Humidification provides moisture to the air
efficiency rating value (MERV) of between
8 and 13 and dehumidification removes the moisture
• Some filters are not efficient enough to • Maintain relative humidity below 70% in all
remove small fungal and bacterial spores
occupied spaces and in low air-velocity
plenums
VENTILATION SYSTEM

Coils and Drain Pans Return air plenum – space above ceiling tiles
Coils dehumidify the air forming is ofeten used as return air plenum
condensate water which is • Maintain all exhaust systems that pass through
released into drain pans and plenum
removes from the AHU • No exhaust should be released into the plenum
• Prevent contamination of the area and ensure air
flow is not blocked
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HEATING. REFRIGERATION AND AIR-
CONDITIONING ENGINEERS (ASHRAE)
STANDARD 62

Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor air quality


Standard 62-1989

Revisions:
ASHRAE 62-1999
ASHRAE 62-2001
ASHRAE 62-2003
ASHRAE 62-2007
ASHRAE 62-2016
VENTILATION FOR ACCEPTABLE INDOOR AIR QUALITY
(QOA)
Ventilation recommendations for offices
Office space 17 cfm/person 7 people/1000 ft2

Reception areas 15 cfm/person 60 people/1000 ft2

Conference rooms 20 cfm/person 50 people/1000 ft2

Smoking lounge 60 cfm/person 70 people/1000 ft2


VENTILATION FOR ACCEPTABLE INDOOR AIR QUALITY
(QOA)

Ventilation recommendation for Educational institutions

Class rooms 15 cfm/person 50 people/1000 ft2


Libraries 15 cfm/person 20 people/1000 ft2
Auditoriums 15 cfm/person 150 people/1000 ft2
BASIC CALCULATION
AIRFLOW

Q =V A

Where
Q = the volumetric rate of airflow in cfpm
V = the velocity of the air in fpm, and
A = the area of the duct
Estimating the Volume of Outside air flowing into a Space, QOA estimate the percentage of outside
air using the equation :

%&# − %(#
% "# =
%&# − %"#

Where
CRA = the consentration of CO2 in the return air,
CSA = the concentration of CO2 in the air supplied to the occupied area, and
COA = the background concentration of CO2 in outside air

• Amount of Outside Air QOA = (Q) x (%OA)


EXAMPLE:

Evaluate amount of outside air when the airflow to an office is


10 fpm; air coming out of a diffuser with size 2ft x 2ft opening.
CO2 concentration in the return air is 800 ppm; air supply is
700 ppm; outside air is 350 ppm.
The application of equation, Q = V A, result in the following:
Q =V A
Q = (10 fpm) (2 ft × 2 ft)
Q = (10 fpm) (4 ft2)
Q = 40 cfpm
Let’s assume the IH has taken some CO2 measurement in the MVAC system, with the following
results,
CRA = the consentration of CO2 in the return air = 800 ppm
CSA = the concentration of CO2 in the air supplied to the occupied area = 700 ppm
COA = the background concentration of CO2 in outside air = 350ppm

%&# − %(#
% "# =
%&# − %"#

800 − 700
% )* = ×100%
800 − 350
% OA = 22%
Amount of Fresh air = 40 cfm x 0.22 = 8.8 cfm
END OF SESSION 2
TERIMAKASIH

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