ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering

Brief Introduction to
Python

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Boris Golman, ChME

 Python Syntax
• Comments in Python: A comment begins with a hash character(#)
• Joining two lines: Use backslash character(\)
• Multiple Statements on a Single Line: use a semicolon (;)
• Indentation: uses spaces to define program blocks
• Reserved words:

https://www.w3resource.com/python/python-syntax.php

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 2

 Python Operators I
• Arithmetic Operators:

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ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 3

 Python Operators II
• Comparison Operators:

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ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 4

 Python Operators III
• Logical Operators:

https://www.w3resource.com/python/python-syntax.php

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 5

 Python Operators IV
• Assignment Operators:

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ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 6

 Python Data Types I
• Integer
x = 2  type int
• Floating point number
x = 2.0  type float
• String
x = ‘this is a string’  type str
• Type conversion
x = int(y); x = float(y); x = str(y)

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 7

 Python Data Types II
• Implicit type conversion

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 8

 Branching I
Swim advisor
Start

Input
Water temperature, tw

Yes
tw > 24

No
Great, jump in!

Stop

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 9

 Branching II
Swim advisor

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 10

 Branching III
Swim advisor
Start

Input
Water temperature, tw

No Yes
tw > 24

No
tw > 20

Yes
Do not swim, Not bad, put Great,
too cold! your toe in first! jump in!

Stop

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 11

 Branching IV
Swim advisor

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 12

 Looping I
While loop
while (expression) :
statement_1
statement_2
....

The while loop runs as long as the expression (condition) evaluates to True
and execute the program block.
The condition is checked every time at the beginning of the loop and the
first time when the expression evaluates to False, the loop stops without
executing any remaining statement(s).

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 13

 Looping II
for loop
for <variable> in range(<number>):
range(a) : Generates a sequence of
numbers from 0 to a, excluding a,
incrementing by 1.

for "variable" in range("start_number", "end_number"):

range(a,b): Generates a sequence of
numbers from a to b excluding b,
incrementing by 1.

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 14

 Looping III
for loop
for "variable" in range("start_number", "end_number",
"increment"):
range(a, b, c): Generates a sequence of numbers from a to b
excluding b, incrementing by c.

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 15

 Looping IV
for loop
for variable_name in sequence :
statement_1
statement_2
....

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 16

 Looping V
Break statement – to exit while or for loops
while (expression1) : for variable_name in sequence :
statement_1 statement_1
statement_2 statement_2
...... if expression3 :
if expression2 : break
break

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 17

 Looping VI
Continue statement - to take the control to the top of the loop
without executing the rest statements inside the loop
while (expression1) : for variable_name in sequence :
statement_1 statement_1
...... ......
if expression2 : if expression2 :
continue continue
statement_2 statement_2

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 18

 Numerical arrays I
• Array creation
linspace function from numpy could be used to generate an
array of evenly distributed numbers from an interval [a, b].

zeros function from numpy may be used to generate an array

with zeros.

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 19

 Numerical arrays II
• Slicing Array
x[i:j] address all elements from index i (inclusive) to j
(exclusive) in an array x

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 20

 Numerical arrays III
• Two-dimensional arrays (matrix)

i=0

i=1

i=2
j=0 1 2

https://www.pythoninformer.com/python-libraries/numpy/index-and-slice/

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 21

 Numerical arrays IV
• Two-dimensional arrays (matrix)
a2[0,1] = a2[i=0, j=1]
i=0

i=0 i=1

i=1 i=2
j=0 1 2
i=2
j=0 1 2 a2[2,1] = a2[i=2, j=1]

https://www.pythoninformer.com/python-libraries/numpy/index-and-slice/

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 22

 Numerical arrays V
• Two-dimensional arrays (matrix)
Column slicing:

Row slicing:

https://www.pythoninformer.com/python-libraries/numpy/index-and-slice/

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 23

 Function

arguments

return values

calling function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 24

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 25

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 26

 Function

Variables defined inside a function are not visible from

outside

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 27

 Function

Variables defined inside a function are not visible from

outside

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 28

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 29

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 30

 Function

Variables declared outside of the function are global

variables and they can be accessed inside or outside of the
function.

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 31

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 32

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 33

 Function

ENG202 Numerical Methods in Engineering ◊ Introduction to Python ◊ Boris Golman, ChME 34