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School 

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Practical Research 2 – Grade 12

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Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Nature and Inquiry of Research
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
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Published by the Department of Education, Division of Palawan

School Division Superintendent:
Natividad P. Bayubay, CESO VI
Assistant Schools Division Superintendents:
Loida P. Olavario, Ph.D.
Felix M. Famaran

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Corazon A. Quintos
Language Editor: Kristine Hemor
Illustrators: Christian Charles Lester D. Doblados
Management Team: Aurelia B. Marquez
Rodgie S. Demalinao
Rosalyn C. Gadiano

Printed in the Philippines, by ________________________

Department of Education – MIMAROPA Region – Division of Palawan

Office Address: PEO Road, Barangay Bancao-Bancao, Puerto Princesa City

Telephone: (048) 433-6392
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Website: www.depedpalawan.com

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Senior High School

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Practical Research 2 Modular Distance Learning

(MDL) Module on Nature and Inquiry of Research!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher,
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st-century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box
in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

In view to the new normal world we are facing, this
module was created to answer that education
should not stop for our learners.
This Practical Research 2 Module for Quarter 1 is
all about the nature and inquiry of research. With
this we are trying to allow our learners to work
independently in discovering through simple and
enjoyable activities/ experimentation that are
aligned to the competencies that they should learn.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use

this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Practical Research 2, Modular Distance Learning

(MDL) Module on Nature and Inquiry of Research!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to
What I Know
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New
introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

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In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module,
do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the nature and inquiry of research. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three sub-topics, namely:

● Characteristics of Quantitative Research
● Strengths of Quantitative Research
● Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define quantitative research accurately;
2. Describe the characteristics of quantitative research; and
3. Describe the strength and weaknesses of quantitative research.

What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Research is a careful and systematic study and investigation in some field

knowledge. To be so, it involves:
a. Defining conditions that need corrective measures and thorough
analysis of its background and its references.
b. Finding out the workability of previous researches and their current
relevance.

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c. Verifying and refuting existing conditions and presenting their
background effects.
d. Discovering new concepts, presenting data, facts, and information and
analyzing background effects.

2. Which of the following types of research seeks to examine the findings of a

study by using the same design but a different sample is and it also
strengthen the foundations of past researches.
a. An exploratory study c. An empirical study
b. A replication study d. Hypothesis testing

3. A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to

influence job-seeking behaviors. The main purpose of the study was:
a. Description b. Prediction c. Exploration d. Explanation

4. The subsequent are aims of research, EXCEPT:

a. Generating new knowledge
b. Verifying existing knowledge
c. Finding application for old knowledge
d. Developing investigator

5. Which is the correct way of presenting Quantitative research findings?

a. Many like better to study with textbooks.
b. Students find textbooks indispensable or necessary
c. Perhaps, 30% consider textbook unnecessary in their studies
d. Out of 100 college students, 90 find textbooks beneficial to their
studies.

6. The problem statements below are TRUE about research, EXCEPT:

a. Research is advantageous not only to students but also to their life
b. Research may be done even informally
c. Research requires no step-by-step procedure for as long as results are
obtained
d. None of the above

7. In quantitative research, respondents are given very limited opportunities

to elaborate on their responses. This statement is:
a. Always true c. Not True
b. Sometimes True d. All of the choices are correct

8. Which of the statement weaknesses of quantitative research is not TRUE?

a. It employs a versatile research design due to the rigidity and
robustness of instrumentation.
b. Participants have limited participation designing and structuring of the
questionnaire

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c. Research is done in a laboratory setting and not in the real world.
d. Numerical data do not have detailed accounts of the phenomenon
and do not capture accounts of human perception.

9. Which problem statement below is quantitative research?

a. A researcher surveys all students about their food preference for the
new school canteen.
b. A researcher interviews the principal to find out the challenges, and
triumphs in running a rural school.
c. The researcher believes that the world is complex and that no single
variable or number can accurately describe it.
d. A researcher wanted to determine the challenges encountered by the
teachers and students in the new normal situation.

10. The following are quantitative variables, EXCEPT:

a. Brand of cellphone used
b. Degree of student’s happiness
c. Amount of cash in your pocket
d. Distance traveled by a car in kilometers

11. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of quantitative research?

a. Data are gathered before proposing a conclusion to a problem.
b. Quantitative methods may be repeated to verify findings in another
setting, thus strengthen and reinforce the validity of findings
eliminating the chance of spurious conclusions.
c. Figures, tables, or graphs showcase summarized data collection to
point out trends, relationships, or differences among variables. In sum,
the charts and tables allow you to determine the evidence collected.
d. It seeks to collect a more comprehensive understanding of activities
associated with human behavior and the attributes that rule such
behavior.

12. This characteristic of quantitative research which refers to its necessity

to come up to a more reliable data analysis.
a. Large Sample Sizes c. Numerical Data
b. Replication d. Objective

13. The researchers know beforehand what they are searching for. The
research questions are well-defined for which objective answers are
sought. All aspects of the study are carefully designed before data are
gathered.
a. Future Outcomes
b. Structured Research Instruments
c. Clearly defined Research Questions
d. Numerical Data

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14. Which of the following illustrates a quantitative study?

a. Attributes to malnutrition in children
b. Opinion of the public to the sex scandal of the Pres. in our country
c. Academic performance of high school students
d. all of the above choices

15. Which of the following statement below is NOT a strength of quantitative

research?
a. Large sample size c. It’s empirical
b. It’s costly d. It’s logical

What’s In

Word Map
Complete the bubble graph by writing words associated with the
middle word. Be guided by the clues in the sentences below each graph.

Inquiry

The detective needs more time to inquire about the case.

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Research

A Senior High School student research on the effectiveness of Makabuhay

plant on terminating coronavirus

Quantitative
Research

The researcher conducted quantitative research on the strand preference of the

Grade 10 students in Narra National High School

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What’s New

As a good researcher, answer the following questions:

1. What are the qualities / characteristics of a good researcher?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.

2. How are these qualities / characteristics manifested?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.

3. How do we develop these characteristics?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________.

What is It

A. Characteristics of a Quantitative Research

Nowadays, people as its nature is interested in what, how, and why

things happen. We tend to ask questions and are being inquisitive on a lot of
things, finding answers on every question that we pose. This time of
pandemic; governments and scientists all over the world make an effort of
researching and experimenting on how to flatten the curve and even to stop
the coronavirus. They seek different remedies from manufactured drugs and

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even from the herbal medicine that could be a potential in eliminating such
viruses.
To understand such a phenomenon and its nature research could be of
great help. Research was coined from the word “cerchier” which means to
seek and “re” which means to repeat. (Faltado, et al., 1). It is discovering
truths by examining on your chosen topics. It is a natural day-to-day activity
of gathering information. It may in the form of quantitative or qualitative.

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Strengths Quantitative Research

In conducting quantitative research, you aim to investigate the

relationship between variables. We tend to research peoples’ behavior,
interest, opinions, attitude, trends, strategies, health, cure of certain
illnesses, and perceptions on issues. Research provides us information about
norms, thoughts and opinions, scientific facts, and medical information.
Research can engage us on how technology be seamlessly integrated into the
curriculum which educators and students like us often ask.

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The Advantages of quantitative research include:

1. It is objective. Since it provides numerical data,

it can be easily interpreted.
2. Quantitative research design is the most reliable and valid
way
of concluding results, giving way to a new hypothesis, or
to disprove it.
3. The use of statistical techniques facilitates sophisticated
analyses and allows you to comprehend a huge number of
vital characteristics of data.
4. The numerical data can be analyzed quickly and easily. By
employing statistically valid random models, findings can
be generalized to the population about which information
is necessary.
5. Quantitative studies are replicable. Standardized
approaches allow the study to be replicated in different
areas or over time with the formulation of comparable
findings.
6. It uses robust instrumentation, which may yield results
that can be generalized to a larger population and other
research settings.
7. It allows for greater accuracy data because variables are
isolated, manipulated, and rigorously controlled.
8. Results can be replicated, analyzed, and compared with
similar studies due to the use of robust instrumentation.
9. Personal bias is avoided because quantitative data are
arrived using established procedures.

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Weaknesses of a Quantitative Research

The disadvantages of quantitative research

are as follows:
1. Quantitative research requires a large number of
respondents. It assumed that the larger the sample
is, the more statistically accurate the findings are.
2. It is costly. Since there are more respondents
compared to qualitative research, the expenses will
be greater in reaching out to these people and
reproducing questionnaires.
3. Numerical data do not provide detailed accounts of
the phenomenon and do not capture accounts of
human participation.
4. Much information is difficult to gather using
structured research instruments, specifically on
sensitive issues like pre-marital sex, domestic
violence, among others. Preselected options in a
questionnaire do not necessarily reflect how
participants truly feel about the question being
asked.
5. If not done seriously and correctly, data from the
questionnaires may be incomplete and
inaccurate. Researches must be on the look-out on
respondents who are just guessing in answering the
instrument.

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What’s More

Knowing the Difference

Directions: Each of the statements below describes either quantitative or
qualitative research. On the first column, write a checkmark (✓) if you think
the item is describing quantitative research and a cross mark (х) if you think
it does not.

✓ or х Statements
1. Places more emphasis on the study of phenomena from the
perspective of those who experience it,
2. Interested not only in examining the phenomenon but also its
causes
3. Immerses oneself and views meaning more context-and time-
specific, and in most cases, not generalizable
4. Attempts to remain independent or detached from the
phenomena that one studies
5. Uses interpretative frameworks
6. Concerned about findings that can be generalized
7. The researcher believes that the world is an objective reality
governed by the laws of nature that can be understood and
measure.
8. A researcher survey on the students' food preference for the
school canteen.
9. Concerned about numerical data
10. Attempts to understand experiences and phenomenon

What I Have Learned

Your non-stop writing starts now….

Write your concise learning about the following:
1. Characteristics of Quantitative Research
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

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2. Strengths of Quantitative Research
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

3. Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

What I Can Do

Directions: Write four good points of quantitative research which makes it

important to researchers. Place your answer in a concept map.

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Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on the space
provided before each number.
_____1. Which of the following BEST describes quantitative research?
a. It produces or proves a theorem.
b. It is concerned with finding new concepts and inventions.
c. It is an exploration associated with libraries, books, and journals.
d. It is a systematic process for obtaining numerical information about
the world.
_____2. This line, “The truth us out there” is true for _______
a. qualitative research c. quantitative research
b. all research design d. all research type
_____3. People inclined to doing quantitative research wants to discover the
truth in __________.
a. an exact manner c. a careful way
b. an indirect way d. a personal way
_____4. Some think of quantitative research as complex because of its use of
______
a. Hypothesis c. factual data
b. Numerical data d. theories
_____5. Quantitative research presents research findings in this manner:
a. Many prefer to study with textbook
b. Students finds textbook unnecessary in their studies
c. Perhaps, 30% consider textbook unnecessary in their studies.
d. Out of 100 senior high school students, 90 of them find textbooks
beneficial to their studies.
Refer to the following characteristics of research for items 6-9:
a. Objective c. Replication
b. Numerical Data d. large sample size
_____6. Data are in the form of statistics.
_____7. It is not based on guesswork.
_____8. It needs to arrive at a more reliable data analysis.
_____9. It is done to check the correctness and verify the findings of the study.

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_____10. The following are quantitative variables, EXCEPT:
a. Brand of cellphone used
b. Degree of student’s happiness
c. Amount of money in your pocket
d. Distance traveled by a car in kilometers
_____11. Which of the statement weaknesses of quantitative research is not
TRUE?
a. It employs a flexible research design due to the rigidity and
robustness of instrumentation.
b. articipants have limited participation on the design and structure
of the questionnaire
c. Research is carried out in a laboratory setting and not in the real
world.
d. Numerical data do not provide detailed accounts of the
phenomenon and do not capture accounts of human perception.

_____12. Which problem statement below is quantitative research?

a. A teacher surveys all students about their food preference for the
new school canteen.
b. A researcher interviews the principal to find out the joys,
challenge, and triumphs in running a rural school.
c. The researcher believes that the world is complex and that no
single variable or number can accurately describe it.
d. A researcher wanted to find out the challenges encountered by
the teachers and students in the new normal situation.

_____13. Which of the following statements is the most convincing way to

begin a research paper?
a. "I think you should listen to the evidence that I will present to
you."
b. "I feel that you should listen to the evidence that I will present to
you."
c. "The evidence presented will demonstrate that …"
d. "I believe this evidence is important because …"

_____14. Research studies can build or change; therefore, challenge on new

studies on past researchers that were proven true and effective is to:
a. Strengthen the foundation of past researches.
b. Find out relevant of past researches to present practice.
c. Replicate past researches and discredit their merits
d. Discover the limitations and weaknesses of past researches as a
guide.

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_____15. The researcher must finally decide that in writing a research paper,
the foremost thing to consider is the:
a. Worth and novelty of the research topic is foremost
b. Manageability and availability of resources are foremost.
c. Support of peers and mentor is foremost
d. Time, money and effort are foremost

Additional Activities

Directions: Try to contemplate on the headlines in a news TV program then

try asking quantitative questions about them. Write your answer below.

1._________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________

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Assessment What’s More What I Know
1. D 1. x 1. D
2. C 2. ✓ 2. A
3. A 3. x 3. B
4. A 4. ✓ 4. D
5. D 5. ✓ 5. D
6. B 6. ✓ 6. C
7. A 7. X 7. A
8. D 8. ✓ 8. A
9. C 9. ✓ 9. A
10. A 10. x 10. A
11. A 11. D
12. A 12. A
13. C 13. C
14. B 14. C
15. A 15. B
Answer Key
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References
Baroceros, Esther L. 2016. Practical Research 2; First Edition. First Edition.
Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Books Store.
Fataldo, Ruben E., Medardo B. Bombita, Helen B. Boholano, and Angeline
M. Pogoy. 2016. Practical Research 2: Quantitative Research. Quezon
City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Maria Lourdes F. Melegrito, and Diana J. Mendoza. 2016. Applied Research:
An Introduction to Quantitative Methods and Report Writing. Quezon
City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Morales-Ramos, Ana Cherylle, Maureen B. Sabit, Joshua Evan M. Bajao,
and John Donnie A. Ramos. 2017. Exploring Life Through Science
Series: Capstone Research Project. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc.
Prieto, Nilda G., Victoria C. Naval, and Teresita G. Carey. 2017. Practical
Research for Senior High School 2: Quantitative. Quezon City: Lorimar
Publishing, Inc.
Pulmones, Richard. 2016. You and the Natural World: Quantitative Research.
Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Yap-Patron, Ida. 2018. Quantitative Research for Senior High School. Quezon
City: Great Books Trading.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SDO Palawan

Curriculum Implementation Division Office

2nd Floor DepEd Palawan Building
Telephone no. (048) 433-3292

Learning Resources Management Section

LRMS Building, PEO Compound
Telephone No.. (048) 434-0099

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