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The Number Systems - Cite - 1

The document discusses number representations in different number systems, explaining that a number can be expressed using polynomial or juxtapositional notation by writing the coefficients and their corresponding powers of the radix. It specifically describes how decimal numbers are represented by writing the digits in place value positions implied by powers of ten.

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61 views11 pages

The Number Systems - Cite - 1

The document discusses number representations in different number systems, explaining that a number can be expressed using polynomial or juxtapositional notation by writing the coefficients and their corresponding powers of the radix. It specifically describes how decimal numbers are represented by writing the digits in place value positions implied by powers of ten.

Uploaded by

Yajiiieeee
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Logic Circuits and Design

Engr. Cherrie F. Villafuerte, CpE


Instructor

Adapted from Engr. Robert G. de Luna, PECE, MSECE

1
Number system
• NUMBER SYSTEM. It is a language system
consisting of an ordered set of symbols called
DIGITS with defined rules for different mathematical
operations. • RADIX or BASE of a number
system specifies the actual number
of digits included in its order.
• NUMBER. It is a collection of digits
included in its ordered set.

2
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• In general, given a number in a form of
(I. F)r
can be represented in two forms.

where
I is the Integer part or Whole Part
F is the Fractional Part
. is the Radix Point
r is the Radix

3
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• POLYNOMIAL NOTATION
– The number is expressed as the sum of powers of r
multiplied by their corresponding coefficients, a.

where
n-1 aj is the coefficient of powers of r
N= ar
j = -m
j
j
rj is the weight of the jth digit which
is equivalent to the radix raised to j
n is the number of integer digits
m is the number of fractional digits
4
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• Example
n-1

For N = (12345.6789)10
N= ar
j = -m
j
j

n = 5, that is from 0 to 4
m = 4, that is from -1 to -4
Thus, N can also be written as:
(9x10-4)+ (8x10-3) + (7x10-2) + (6x10-1) + (5x100) +(4x101) +
(3x102) + (2x103) + (1x104)

5
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• JUXTAPOSITIONAL NOTATION
– The number is expressed as coefficients of power
of r are presented. It is done by placing the
number side by side.
an-1…a2 a1 a0 . a-1 a-2…a-m

Example:

43.25 = (4 x 101) + (3 x 100) + (2 x 10-1) + (5 x 10-2)


6
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• A decimal number such as 7392 represents a
quantity equal to 7 thousands, plus 3 hundreds, plus
9 tens, plus 2 units.

• The thousands, hundreds, tens and ones are powers


of 10 implied by the position of the coefficients.

7392 = (7 x 103) + (3 x 102) + (9 x 101) + (2 x 100)

7
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• However, the convention is to write only the
coefficients and from their position deduce the
necessary powers of 10.

• In general, a number with a decimal point is


represented by a series of coefficients as follows:

an-1. . .a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 . a-1 a-2 a-3. . .a-m

8
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• The aj coefficients are one of the ten digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9) and the subscript value j gives the place
value and, hence, the power of 10 by which the
coefficients must be multiplied.

a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 . a-1 a-2 a-3

(a5 x 105) + (a4 x 104) + (a3 x 103) + (a2 x 102) + (a1 x 101)
+ (a0 x 100) + (a-1 x 10-1) + (a-2 x 10-2) + (a-3 x 10-3)
9
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• The method of representing decimal numbers is known
as the Decimal Number System.

• The Decimal Number System is said to be of Base or


Radix 10 because it uses ten digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9) and the coefficients are multiplied by powers of
10.

• Each coefficients aj is multiplied by 10j.


10
Number REPRESENTATIONS
• When the Base b (or Radix r) equals 2, the number
representation is referred to as the Binary Number
System.

• The coefficients of the Binary Number System have two


possible values: 0 and 1.

• Each coefficients aj is multiplied by 2j.

11

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