1

Unit 2 (Textbook Ch. 1): Introduction to Functions

Learning Goals: Self-Assessment
 explain the difference between a function and a relation; H R G
 demonstrate an understanding of functions, their representations, and their inverses, and make
connections between the algebraic and graphical representations of functions using H R G
transformations;
 explain the meaning of the terms domain and range; H R G
 determine, through investigation, the relationship between the domain and range of a function
and the domain and range of the inverse relation, and determine whether or not the inverse H R G
relation is a function
 determine, through investigation using technology, the roles of the parameters a, k, d, and c in
H R G
functions of the form
 y = af(k(x – d)) + c, and describe these roles in terms of transformations on the graphs of the parent
H R G
functions.
H – I need to ask for HELP with this. R – I need to REVIEW this. G – I’ve GOT THIS down.

Homework Log
Lesson Section Assigned Work Extra Practice
1.1 Functions & Relations Text p. 10-11 #1-3, 6, 9 Text: p. 11 #7, 8, 10
1
1.4 Domain & Range Text p. 35-37 #1-3, 5, 10, 14, 16 Text: p. 37 #8, 13,
LP p. 8
2 1.2 Function Notation Text p. 22-24 #1 – 5, 7 – 11
Text p. 22-24 #6, 15, 17, 20
1.3 Graphing the base (parent) Text p. 28 #1 – 3
3
functions LP P. 9 – 10

1.6 Horizontal and Vertical

4 LP p. 17 – 18
Translations of Functions
1.7 Stretches and Reflections
5 Text. p. 58-60 #1 – 3, 8, 10 – 12, 14, 15 Text p. 58-60 #4 – 7, 13
of Functions
1.8 Combinations of
6 LP p. 26 – 27 Text p. 70-73 #4 – 13
Transformations
Text p. 47-48 #2c-f, 4, 10, 11
7 1.5 Inverse Functions LP p. 30 – 31
Text p. 160-161 #2, 3, 7, 8
Text p. 76 – 77 #1 – 6, 8, 10, 12 –
8 Review for Test LP pp. 32 – 34
18
 2

1.1 Relations and Functions

Relations

In a relation, values of the ______________________ variable are paired with values of the
___________________ variable.

A relation can be expressed

 in words  as a scatter plot (graph)
 as a table of values  as an equation
 as a set of ordered pairs  as an mapping diagram

Ex 1: Jason has a summer job cutting lawns. He is paid $10 per lawn. The amount he earns is
related to the number of lawns he cuts. Display the data in the following methods.

 a table of values  a set of ordered pairs

x y

 a mapping diagram  a scatter plot

 an equation
 3
Defining a Relation as a Function

A function is a relation (set of ordered pairs) in which, for every ___ (________________________
________________), there is only one ___ (______________________ _____________________).

An easy way of determining whether or not a relation is a function is to use its graph and the
_____________________________________.

Ex. 2: Determine if each relation is a function.

a) A = {(2, 1), (3, 5), (3, 6), (4, -2), (6, 4)} b) B = {(3, -2), (4, 1), (5, 1), (6, 0), (-3, 2)}

c) d)

e) f)

3
g) x 2 + y 2 = 25 h) y = x-9
4
 4
Domain and Range

Given a relation, the domain is the set of first elements (x-coordinates, first coordinates) in the
ordered pair.

The range is the set of second elements (y-coordinates, second coordinates).

Sets of Real Numbers

The Notation:
(Source: Beecher, Penna & Bittinger, Algebra and Trignometry, p. 2)

Domain: {x   │ x ≠ 0} Range: {y   │ 0 < y ≤ 10}

Ex 3. For each of the following:

i) State the domain;
ii) State the range;
iii) State whether the relation is a function.

a) A = {(0, -2), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 5)} b)

Domain: _____________________

Domain: ___________________________ Range: _______________________

Range: ___________________________ Function? ______

Function? ______
 5
c) d)

Domain: ___________________________
Domain: ___________________________
Range: ___________________________
Range: ___________________________
Function? ______
Function? ______

e) f)

Domain: ___________________________
Domain: ___________________________
Range: ___________________________
Range: ___________________________
Function? ______
Function? ______

g) h)

Domain: ___________________________ Domain: ___________________________

Range: ___________________________ Range: ___________________________

Function? ______ Function? ______

 6
1.2 Function Notation
Recall, relations can be represented in equation form. The equation can be written in x-y
2 2 2
notation as y = -x + 8x or x + y = 25. Relations that are functions can be written in function
2
notation as f(x) = -x + 8x. The notations y and f(x) are interchangeable in the equation or
graph of a function, so y is equal to f(x). The symbols f(x), g(x), and h(x) are often used to
name the outputs of functions, but other letters are also used, such as v(t) for velocity as a
function of time.

 The notation f(x) is read "f at x" or "f of x"

 f(x) is used to represent the value of the dependent variable; it is
another name for y
 f(a) represents the value or output of the function when the input
is x = a. The output depends on the equation of the function. To
evaluate f(a), substitute a for x in the equation for f(x).
 f(a) is the y-coordinate of the point on the graph of f with x-
coordinate a. For example, if f(x) takes the value 3 at x = 2, then
f(2) = 3 and the point (2, 3) lies on the graph of f.

Ex. 1: If H(t) = 3t2 + 5t -11, find each of the following:

a) H(1/2) b) H(4 - 1) c) H(3) + H(2)

d) H(m) e) H(3x)

Ex. 2: Consider the functions f(x) = x2 – 3x and g(x) = 1 – 2x. Determine f(c + 2) - g(c + 2).
 7
Ex. 3: The graph of y = f(x) is shown below.

a) State the domain and range of f(x).

b) Evaluate:
i) f(4) =
ii) f(1 + 1) =
iii) f(1) + f(0) =

c) f(-3) = 5. What is the corresponding ordered pair? What does -3 represent, and what
does f(-3) represent?

Ex. 4: The relationship between the selling price of a pair of

sunglasses and revenue, R(s), is represented by the function:
R(s) = -10s2 + 800s + 120 and its graph is below.

a) Identify the independent variable and the dependent

variable. Label each one appropriately, on its respective
axis of the graph.

b) Determine the revenue when the selling price is $5.

c) Explain what R(20) = 12120 means.

d) If R(s) = 16120, determine the selling price s using the graph or the equation.
 8
Function Notation Practice

Using the functions below, determine the following values:

1. f(2) 2. g(3)

3. h(-4) 4. k(2)

5. n(5) 6. 2m(-4) – m(3)

7. f(3) + n(2) 8. k(x)

9. h(2a + 1) 10. g(5)  m(-1)

11. k(x – 1)  f(1) 12. f(m(4))

13. h(a+1) – h(a) 14. k(h(x))

FUNCTIONS TO USE
h(x) = 2x + 1 f = {(1, 2) , (2, 5), (3, 0)

x Triple the Subtract Multiple by k(x)

number from 10 original number

n(x):
x m(x)
x g(x)
3 -2 -4 3
5 7 -1 0
-4 -5 6 -4
0 1 3 1
11 3 4 -5

Answers:
1. 5 2. -2 3. -7 4. 8 5. 0 6. -6 7. -9 8. x(10 – 3x) 9. 4a + 3 10. 7 11. 2(x - 1)(13 – 3x)
12. 0 13. 2 14. (2x +1)(7 – 6x)
 9
MCR3U- Functions or Relations?
Part A : State which of the following are functions, and which are relations.
 10
Part B : Complete the table

Function Domain Range Equation (state if known, guess

Graph or if not)
relation?

L
 11
1.3 Exploring Properties of Parent Functions

In mathematics, every function can be classified as a member of a family. Each member of a

family of functions is related to the simplest, or most basic, function sharing the same
characteristics. This function is called the parent function.
Special Features/Symmetry
& Range
Domain
Sketch of Graph
Table of
Values

y
y

x
x

Quadratic
Function

Function

Function

f(x) = x2
f(x) = x
Linear
 Table of Domain &
Function Sketch of Graph Special Features/Symmetry
Values Range

Cubic
Function x y

f(x) = x3

Root
Function x y
12
 Table of Domain
Function Sketch of Graph Special Features/Symmetry
Values & Range

Reciprocal
Function x y

Absolute
Value x y
Function
13
 14
1.6 Exploring Transformations of Parent Functions – Horizontal and Vertical Translations

Recall in Grade 10, we used transformations to change the parabola. We can apply these
same transformations to all of the parent functions. For the parabola, we were able to use the
step property to graph transformed parabolas, however that will not be the case for other
parent functions. Instead, we will use Mapping Notation to graph transformed functions.

We will be doing an investigation in Desmos for this lesson.

A. Vertical Translations, g(x) = f(x)  c

First, graph the parent function using Desmos. Then, add the constant, c,to the parent
function. Desmos will give you the option of adding a slider for the constant, c.
2 3
()
Use the c slider to transform the functions, f(x) = x , f(x) = x , f x = x , f ( x) =
1
x
and

f (x) = x .
Note: to graph the square root function, type  sqrt(x) and to graph the absolute value
function, type  abs(x).

1. What is the effect of adding a constant c to f(x)? What is the effect of subtracting a
constant c to f(x)?

1
()
2. For the reciprocal function, f x =
x
, how does applying a vertical translation affect

the asymptotes?

We can use the transformations to determine the coordinates of transformed functions. This is
called Mapping Notation. Vertical translations affect the y-coordinate, therefore, the mapping
notation will be (x, y ± c).

Ex. 1: Graph the following functions using mapping notation. State the domain and range for
each function.
2
a) f(x) = x – 7

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 15

()
b) f x = x +3

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

B. Horizontal Translations, g(x) = f(x  d)

Again, in Desmos, add a d slider to graph f(x  d). Use the h slider to transform the functions,
() ()
f(x) = x2, f(x) = x3, f x = x , f ( x ) = 1 and f x = x .
x
1. What is the effect of adding a constant d to f(x)? What is the effect of subtracting a
constant d to f(x)?

1
( )
2. For the reciprocal function, f x =
x
, how does applying a horizontal translation affect

the asymptotes?

Horizontal translations affect the x-coordinate, therefore, the mapping notation will be (x ± d, y).

Ex. 2: Graph the following functions using mapping notation. State the domain and range for
each function.

() ( )
3
a) f x = x - 5

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 16
1
()
b) f x =
x+4

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

Ex. 3: Graph the following functions using mapping notation. State the domain and range for
each function.

()
a) f x = x +1 - 7

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

1
()
b) f x =
x-2
+3

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 17

()
c) f x = x + 2 - 8

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

Horizontal and Vertical Translations of Functions Practice

1. The function y = f(x) is given. Describe how the graphs of the following functions can be
obtained from the graph y = f(x).
a) y = f(x) + 5 b) y = f(x) – 6 c) y = f(x – 4) d) y = f(x + 8)

e) y = f(x + 3) – 5 f) y = f(x – 6) + 2 g) y = f(x – 5) – 7 h) y = f(x + 2) + 9

2. The function y = f(x) has been transformed to y = f(x – d) + c. Determine the values of d and
c for each of the following transformations.
a) 6 units upward b) 8 units downward
c) 3 units to the right d) 5 units to the left
e) 2 units to the left and 4 units downward f) 7 units to the right and 7 units upward

3. The graph of a function y = f(x) is shown. Sketch the graph of each of the following.
a) y = f(x) – 4

b) y = f(x + 2)

c) y = f(x – 3) + 5
 18
4. The graph of the function, g(x) is a translated image of the function, f(x). Write an equation
for each function, g(x).

a) b)

c) d)

5. Use mapping notation to sketch the graph of each of the following functions. State the
domain and range for each. Graph each family on the same grid.
a) f(x) = x2 – 3 b) f(x) = (x + 3)2 c) f(x) = (x – 1)2 + 2

d) f(x) = x3 + 5 e) f(x) = (x – 2)3 f) f(x) = (x + 4)3 – 6

()
g) f x = x -8 ()
h) f x = x +1 ()
i) f x = x-7 +4

()
j) f x =
1
x
-4 ()
k) f x =
x-6
1
()
l) f x =
1
x +1
+9

m) f(x) = | x | + 2 n) f(x) = | x + 4 | ()
o) f x = x - 6 - 1

Answers
1. a) translated the graph of y = f(x) upward 5 units b) translated the graph of y = f(x) downward 6 units
c) translated the graph of y = f(x) to the right 5 units d) translated the graph of y = f(x) to the left 8 units
e) translated the graph of y = f(x) to the left 3 units and downward 5 units f) translated the graph of y = f(x) to the
right 6 units upward 2 units g) translated the graph of y = f(x) to the right 5 units and downward 7 units
h) translated the graph of y = f(x) to the left 2 units and upward 9 units
2. a) y = f(x) + 6 b) y = f(x) – 8 c) y = f(x – 3) d) y = f(x + 5) e) y = f(x + 2) – 4 f) y = f(x – 7) + 7

4. a) b) c) d)
 19
1.7 Exploring Transformations of Parent Functions –
Horizontal and Vertical Stretches and Reflections

We will continue to use Desmos to investigate stretches and reflections of parent functions.

A. Vertical Stretches and Reflections, g(x) = af(x)

Graph the parent functions in Desmos and then add an a slider. Use the a slider to

()
transform the functions, f(x) = x , f(x) = x , f x =
2 3
x , f ( x) =
1
x
()
and f x = x . Remember,

to graph the square root function, type  sqrt(x) and to graph the absolute value function,
type  abs(x).

1. What is the effect of multiplying f(x) by a values greater than 1? What is the effect of
multiplying f(x) by a values between 0 and 1?

2. What is the effect of multiplying f(x) by negative values of a?

1
()
3. For the reciprocal function, f x =
x
, how does applying a vertical stretch or reflection

affect the asymptotes?

Vertical stretches and reflections affect the y-coordinate, therefore, the mapping notation will
be (x, ay).

Ex. 1: Graph the following functions using mapping notation. State the domain and range for
each function.
2
a) f(x) = 3x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 20
1
()
b) f x =
2
x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

-1
()
c) f x =
x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

B. Horizontal Stretches and Reflections, g(x) = f(kx)

Graph the parent functions in desmos and then add a k slider. Use the b slider to transform the

()
functions, f(x) = x , f(x) = x , f x =
2 3
x , f ( x) =
1
x
()
and f x = x .

1. What is the effect of multiplying the x-coordinate of f(x) by k values greater than 1?
What is the effect of multiplying the x-coordinate of f(x) by k values between 0 and 1?

2. What is the effect of multiplying the x-coordinate of f(x) by negative values of k?

 21
1
()
3. For the reciprocal function, f x =
x
, how does applying a horizontal stretch or

reflection affect the asymptotes?

Horizontal stretches and reflections affect the x-coordinate, therefore, the mapping notation will
æ1 ö
be ç x, y ÷ .
èk ø

Ex. 2: Graph the following functions using mapping notation. State the domain and range for
each function.
()
a) f x = 2 x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

3
æ1 ö
b) f ( x ) = ç x ÷
è3 ø

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 22

()
c) f x = -x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

Ex. 3: Graph the following functions using mapping notation. State the domain and range for
each function.
-5
()
d) f x =
2x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

()
b) f x = -1
2
-1
3
x

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 23

1.8 Using Transformations to Graph Functions of the Form

y = af [k(x – d)] + c
Perform combinations of transformations in the following order
 expansions and compressions
 reflections
 translations
æ1 ö
The mapping notation will be ç x  d, ay  c ÷ . If necessary, factor the coefficient of the x-term
èk ø
to identify characteristics of a function more easily.

Ex 1: a) State the mapping notation for g(x) = 3f(4x – 8).

b) If (-3, 7) is a point on f(x), determine the point on g(x).

Ex. 2: The graph of y = f(x) is shown. Describe the transformations of y = -f[2(x + 1)] + 3. Sketch the
graph on the same axes as y = f(x). State the domain and range of the functions.

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 24
Ex. 3: For each of the following transformed functions, describe the transformations, graph
and state the domain and range.
2
a) f(x) = 2(x + 5) – 4

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

1
()
b) h x =
2
2x - 2

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

() (
c) g x = 2 - x - 3 + 5)

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 25

() ( )
3
d) f x = 0.5x + 1.5 - 1

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

-2
()
e) h x =
x +1
+3

Domain: _____________________ Range: ______________________

 26
Practise

1. Describe the transformations you would need to apply to the graph of y = f (x) to graph
each function.
a) y = 3 f (x) - 1 b) y = - f ( 12 x) - 2 c) y = f 13 (x + 4) (
d) y = 23 f (x + 3) +1 )
e) y = -3 f (2x - 2) - 3
f) y = f (4 - x) + 7 g) y = - f (3x + 9) - 5 h) y = 1
2
f ( 13 x) + 1

2. If the point (-1, 5) is on y = f (x) , determine the new points for each transformed function in
question 1.

3. Write the equation of the new functions below.

a) The graph of f (x) = x is reflected across the y-axis, streched vertically by the factor 3,
and then translated 5 units right and 2 units down.
1
b) The graph of f (x) = is reflected across the x-axis, compressed horizontally by the
x
factor 2, and then translated 1 unit left and 6 units up.

c) The graph of f (x) = x 3 is compressed vertically by the factor 4, stretched horizontally by

a factor of 3 and then translated 6 units right.
d) The graph of f (x) =| x | is reflected across the y-axis, and then translated 3 units left and
1 unit down.

4. Graph the following functions and state the domain and range for each.
2
( )
2
a) f (x) = 2 x + 1 - 7 b) f (x) = 1
2- x +3 c) f (x) = -1
4
3x - 12

( x + 1)
3
d) f (x) = - 1
2
e) f (x) =| -x + 5 | -8 f) f (x) = 14 x 2 - 9
-1
( )
3
g) f (x) = - -x - 4 + 5 h) f (x) = i) f (x) = 2x - 6
1
4
x +1

j) f (x) = - 12 | x + 3| +7

5. If f (x) = (x - 2)(x + 5) , determine the x-intercepts for each function.

a) y = f (x) b) y = -4 f (x) c) y = f (- 13 x) (
d) y = f -(x + 2) )
{
6. A function f (x) has domain x » | x ³ -4 and range  { y » | y < -1 . Determine the
domain and range of each function.

a) y = 2 f (x) b) y = f (-x) c) y = 3 f (x + 1) + 4 (
d) y = -2 f -x + 5 + 1 )
 27
7. Match each equation to its graph. Explain your reasoning.
3
a) y = +1 b) y = 2 | x - 3 | -2
-(x - 2)
-4
c) y = -2 x + 3 - 2 d) y = -3
x
( )
2
e) y = 0.25(x - 2) -3 f) y = -0.5 | x + 4 | +2

( x + 4)
2
g) y = -0.5 1- x + 1 h) y = -1
2
+1
 28

1.5
The following is the graph of a function, f (x) = {(-1, 2), (0, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 3), (5, 2)}.

{(-1, 2), (0, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 3), (5, 2)}

{( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , )}

Note: The function and its inverse are symmetric along the
line of symmetry y = x.

The inverse of a function is the set formed by interchanging each x-coordinate with its
corresponding y-coordinate.

That is, the inverse of a function can be found by interchanging the domain and range of the
function.

The inverse of a function is represented by the notation -1(x), read “ inverse” or “the inverse of
.”

If (x, y)  (x), then (y, x)  -1(x)

1
Note: The -1 in -1 is not an exponent, so -1 does not mean . Also, the inverse of a function is

not automatically a function itself. To be a function, it needs to pass the vertical line
test.

Ex. 1: Find the inverse of following functions. Is the inverse a function? State the domain and
range for each inverse.

a) (x) = {(-2, 4), (1, 3), (4, 7), (8, 11), (10, 4)} b)
 29
Ex. 2: Draw the inverse of the functions below. Is the inverse a function? State the domain and
range for each inverse.

a) b)

To find the equation of the inverse of a function,

i) Replace f(x) with y.
ii) Switch the x and y variables in the equation.
iii) Solve for y.
iv) If the inverse is a function, then replace y with f -1(x). If the inverse is a relation, leave the
equation with y.

Ex. 3: Determine the equation of the inverse of the following functions.

() h ( x ) = -x + 4 - 7 g ( x ) = 2 ( x - 1) + 3
2
a) f x = 2 - 5x b) c)
 30
Ex. 4: The inverse of 3c) is not a function. What can we do to g(x) so that it’s inverse will be a
function?

Practice Questions

1. Determine the inverse relation for each set of ordered pairs. Which of the relations and
inverse relations are functions?
a) {(-2, 3), (0, 4), (2, 5), (4, 6)}
b) {(2, 5), (2, -1), (3, 1), (5, 1)}
c) {(-3, -4), (-2, 1), (-1, 4), (0, 5), (1, 4), (2, 1), (3, -4)}

2. Graph the inverse for each of the following functions. State the domain and range for
each function and its inverse. Which inverse relations are functions?
a) b) c)

d) e) f)
 31
g) h) i)

3. a) Determine f -1(x) for the linear function f(x) = 5x – 1.

b) Graph f and f -1 on the same axes.
c) Explain how you can tell that f -1 is also a linear function.
d) State the coordinates of any points that are common to both f and f -1.
e) Compare the slopes of the two lines.
f) Repeat parts a) to e) for g(x) = -½x + 3, h(x) = 6 – x, and p(x) = 4.

4. The ordered pair (1, 5) belongs to a function f. Explain why the ordered pair (2, 1) cannot
belong to f -1.

() ( )
5. Given f x = k 2 + x , find the value of k if f -1(-2) = -3.

6. Determine the inverse of each of the functions below.

() ( ) ( ) (5x - 1) () ( )
2 2 2
a) f x = - x + 3 - 7 b) g x = 1
4
c) h x = 2 7 - x +9

() ( )
2
7. a) Graph f x = 3 x - 2 - 5 . State the domain and range.
b) Graph f ( x ) . State the domain and range.
-1

c) Is f -1 function? State the domain for f so that f -1 is a function.

() ( )
2
8. Given f x = 7 - 2 x - 1 , x ³ 1, determine
a) f 3() b) f -1 (x) ()
c) f -1 5 (
d) f -1 2a + 7 )
()
9. a) Graph f x = - x + 4 - 5 . State the domain and range.
b) Graph f ( x ) . State the domain and range. Is f
-1 -1
function?
-1
c) Determine the equation for f .

10. Self-inverse functions are their own inverses. Find three functions that are self-inverse.

11. Determine the inverse of each function.

2 -1
()
a) f x =
x
-5 ()
b) f x =
x+3
+8
 32

(x, y)

f (x) = x
(x, y)
(x, y)

1 f(x) = x
f(x) =
x (x, y)
(x, y)

The D OMAI N is the set of all g(x) = af éëk ( x - d) ùû + c

_________ f or a ________. a - ______________________
k - ______________________
The RANGE is the set of all
_________ f or a ________. d - ______________________
c - ______________________

Mapping Notation:
 33
Relax … Review

1. Describe the graphs of the relations, y = 3 and x = 3. Are these relations functions? Explain.

2. Determine which of the following relations are functions. Explain.

a) y = x+2 b) y = 2 - x c) y = 2x 2 - 3

3. Determine the domain and range of each relation in question 2.

4. Determine the domain and range of a circle with centre (2, 5) and radius of 4.

5. Determine the domain and range of a parabola with vertex (4, 3) and y = 3 its minimum value.

() ( )
2
6. If f x = 3 x - 1 - 4 , determine

a) f ( -1) ()
b) f 2 - f 1 () (
c) f 1- x )
() ()
7. Consider the functions, f x = x - 3x and g x = 1- 2x . Determine f c + 2 - g c + 2 .
2
( ) ( )
2 f ( x) + 1
(
8. If f x + 1 = ) 3
()
and f 2 = 2 , find the value of f 1 . ()
() ()
9. Let f x = 3x + 1 and g x = 2 - x . Determine the values of a such that:

a) f ( a) = g ( a) ( ) = g ( 2a )
b) f a
2

10. State the mapping notation for the following.

1
a) y =
3
f ( -x + 4 ) - 5 (
b) y = -3 f 2x + 3 + 8 )
11. ()
Suppose (-2, 9) is a point on the graph of y = f x . Give the coordinates of a point on the
graph of:
()
a) y = 2 f x b) y = f 2x ( ) (
c) y = f x - 5 ) ()
d) y = f x + 4

e) y = - f ( x + 1) - 3

12. Describe the following transformations.

a) Given y = x 2 , describe the graph of y = 2 f ( -x ) + 5.
1
b) Given y = x , describe the graph of y = f ( 3x - 6 ) .
4

13. For each of the following, determine the equation of the new function.
a) The graph f x = () x is reflected across the y-axis, compressed vertically by a factor of 13 ,
and then translated 5 units right and 2 units down.
()
b) The graph f x = x is vertically stretched by a factor of 2, reflected in the x-axis and
2

translated 4 units right.

 34
1
c) The graph f x = () x
is vertically compressed by a factor of 12 , reflected in the y-axis and then

translated 3 units left and 4 units down.

14. Without sketching the graph, determine the domain and range for each of the functions below.
5
()
a) f x =
x+2
-8 ()
b) f x = 3 x - 4 + 1 () (
c) f x = - 2x - 4 )
2
+5

15. Given the following graphs that have gone through transformations, identify the parent function
and write the equation of the transformed function for each.
a) b) c)

16. For each of the following functions, describe the transformations and then graph. State the
domain and range for each.

f ( x ) = -2x - 8
2
a) ( ) ( x - 4)
b) g x = 1
2
3
-5 ()
c) h x =
3x
+7 ()
d) f x = -2 | x - 1| -3

17. Explain how a relation and its inverse are related. Provide a linear example.

18. Sketch the inverse of each of the following relations.

a) b) c)

( ) ( x - 2)
2
19. Given f x = 1
3
- 6,
a) determine the equation of the inverse.
()
b) graph f x and its inverse.

()
c) restrict the domain of f x so that the inverse is also a function.

20. () ( )
Given f x = k 3- x , find the value of k if f -1(9) = -6.