Daryn Collen

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________

DENSITY LAB

Vocabulary: buoyancy, density, graduated cylinder, mass, matter, scale, volume

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

1. Of the objects below, circle (✏ ) the ones you think would float in water. Use a circle from
the “shape” icon at the top to circle the correct answer.

2. Why do some objects float, while others sink? ____________________________________

when objects sink and float it means that they have a great density or
_________________________________________________________________________
a density that is less that water (1.0).
_________________________________________________________________________

Gizmo Warm-up
The Density Laboratory Gizmo allows you to measure a variety of objects,
then drop them in water (or other liquid) to see if they sink or float.

1. An object’s mass is the amount of matter it contains. Mass can be

measured with a calibrated scale like the one shown in the Gizmo.
Drag the first object onto the Scale. (This is object 1.)

What is the mass of object 1? 19.5 g

2. An object’s volume is the amount of space it takes up. The volume of an irregular object can
be measured by how much water it displaces in a graduated cylinder.

A. What is the initial volume of water in the cylinder? 400.0 mL

B. Place object 1 into the cylinder. What is the volume in the cylinder now? 414.0 mL
C. What is the volume of the object? 14.0 mL
Note: While milliliters (mL) are used to measure liquid volumes, the equivalent unit cubic
centimeters (cm3) are used for solids. Therefore, write the volume of object 1 in cm3.

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 Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity A:
• Drag object 1 back to the shelf.
Float or sink? • Check that Liquid density is set to 1.0 g/mL.

Question: How can you predict whether an object will float or sink?

1. Observe: Experiment with the different objects in the Gizmo. Observe the mass and volume
each object, then drag it into the Beaker of liquid to see if it floats or sinks. (Notice a pin
holds objects in the graduated cylinder, whether they sink or float.) Try to determine what the
floating objects have in common and what the sinking objects have in common.

2. Form hypothesis: Compare the floating objects, then do the same for the sinking objects.

A. What do the floating objects have in common? ______________________________

They are all less dense than 1.0
___________________________________________________________________

B. What do the sinking objects have in common? ______________________________

They are all more dense than 1.0
___________________________________________________________________

3. Collect data: Measure the mass and volume of objects 6 through 10, calculate the density,
and record whether they float or sink in the table below.

Object Mass (g) Volume (cm3) Density (g/cm3) Float or sink?

3 3
6 78.0 g 29.0 cm 2.7 g/cm sink
3 3
7 2.0 g 21.0 cm 0.09g/cm float
3 3
8 24.0 g 26.0 cm 0.9 g/cm float
3 3
9 99.0 g 44.0 cm 2.25 g/cm sink
3 3
10 44.0 g 61.0 cm 0.7 g/cm float

(Activity A continued on next page)

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Activity A (continued from previous page)

4. Analyze: Look carefully for patterns in your data.

A. Does mass alone determine whether an object will float or sink? ________________
no

Explain: Density is the only thing affecting whether something floats or sinks
____________________________________________________________

B. Does volume alone determine whether an object will float or sink? ______________
no

Explain: ____________________________________________________________
Density is the only thing affecting whether something floats or sinks

C. Compare the mass and volume of each object. What is true of the mass and volume

of all the floating objects? ______________________________________________

D. What is true of the mass and volume of all the sinking objects? _________________

___________________________________________________________________

5. Analyze: Compare the density of each object to the density of the liquid, which is 1.0 g/mL.

A. What do you notice about the density of the floating objects? ___________________
that there less than one

___________________________________________________________________

B. What do you notice about the density of the sinking objects? ___________________
they are more than one

___________________________________________________________________

6. Draw conclusions: If you know the mass and volume of an object, how can you predict
whether it will float or sink in water?

_________________________________________________________________________
You can’t. The density determines whether something will sink or float

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

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 Get the Gizmo ready:
Activity B:
• Drag all the objects back onto the shelf.
Liquid density • Check that the Liquid density is still 1.0 g/mL.

Question: How does liquid density affect whether objects float or sink?

1. Observe: Place object 1 into the Beaker of liquid. Slowly move the Liquid density slider

back and forth. What do you notice? as

__________________________________________
you move the Liquid density slider up the object begins to sink, but as you move it back down

________________________________________________________________________
it begins to float.

2. Form a hypothesis: Buoyancy is the tendency to float. How do you think the density of a

liquid affects the buoyancy of objects placed in the liquid?

________________________________________________________________________
if the density of a liquid is supper dense then i will float but if its not then it will sinks o the liquid affects the term a lot.

_________________________________________________________________________

3. Predict: In the table below, write the density of each object. Then predict whether the object
will float or sink in each of the fluids. Write “Float” or “Sink” in each empty box of the table.

Liquid density
Object Object density
0.5 g/mL 1.0 g/mL 2.0 g/mL
3
6 2.7 g/cm sink sink sink
3
7 0.09g/cm float float float

8 3
0.9 g/cm sink float float
3
9 2.25 g/cm sink sink sink
3
10 0.7 g/cm sink float float

4. Test: Test your predictions using the Gizmo. Place a checkmark (\/) next to each correct
prediction, and an “X” next to each incorrect prediction.

5. Draw conclusions: What is the relationship between the object’s density, the liquid’s density,

and the tendency of the object to float? __________________________________________

The density of an object determines whether it will float or sink in another substance. An object will float if it is less dense than the
_________________________________________________________________________
liquid it is placed in. An object will sink if it is more dense than the liquid it is placed in.

_________________________________________________________________________

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Extension: Get the Gizmo ready:
King Hieron’s • Drag all the objects back onto the shelf.
crown • Set the Liquid density to 1.0 g/mL.

Introduction: In the third century B.C., King Hieron of Syracuse asked the famous
mathematician Archimedes to determine if his crown was made of pure gold. This was a
puzzling problem for Archimedes—he knew how to measure the weight of the crown, but how
could he measure the volume?

Archimedes solved the problem when he got into his bath and noticed the water spilling over the
sides of the tub. He realized that the volume of the displaced water must be equal to the volume
of the object placed into the water. Archimedes was so excited by his discovery that he jumped
out of the bath and ran through the streets shouting “Eureka!”

Question: How can you tell if a crown is made of solid gold?

1. Think about it: Gold is one of the densest substances known, with a density of 19.3 g/cm3. If
the gold in the crown was mixed with a less-valuable metal like bronze or copper, how would
that affect its density?
it was made with all gold then it will sink to the bottom way faster that the one with a mixed crown.
_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

2. Observe: Drag each of the crowns into the liquid. Based on what you see, which crown do
you think is densest? Explain why you think so.

_________________________________________________________________________
they all drop at the same pace

_________________________________________________________________________

3. Measure: Find the mass, volume, and density of each of the three crowns.

Crown Mass (g) Volume (cm3) Density (g/cm3)

3 3
A 325.0 g 65.0 cm 5.0 g/cm
3 3
B 1255.0 g 65.0 cm 19.3 g/cm
3 3
C 306.0 g 65.0 cm 4.7 g/cm

4. Draw conclusions: Which of the three crowns was made of gold? _____________________
crown b was the real gold

Explain: it__________________________________________________________________
has a density of 19.3 and it was the one that had the larges mass.

_________________________________________________________________________

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