Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

Statistics and
Probability
Quarter 4 – Module 7
Bivariate Data

MELC:
 Illustrates the nature of bivariate data.
 Construct a scatter plot.
 Describe shapes (form), trend (direction), and
variation (strength) based on the scatter plot.
(K to 12 BEC CG: M11/12SP-IV-g2-g4)

Prepared by:

MARISSA G. AREOLA
Teacher I
Bangui National High School
Probability and Statistics - Grade 11
Share-A-Resource-Program
Quarter 4 – Module on Bivariate Data
First Edition, 2020
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do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Marissa G. Areola

Editor: Jonathan Macadangdang
Reviewers: Martina R. Agullana
Management Team: Joann A. Corpuz
Joye D. Madalipay
Santiago L. Baoec
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Martina R. Agullana

Division Design & Layout Artist: Johnsen-Virgil P. Calili

Printed in the Philippines by ______________________________

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 11
Probability and
Statistics
Quarter 4 – Module on
Bivariate Data
Introductory Message
This Contextualized Learning Module (CLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each
lesson with ease.
This CLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test is provided to measure your prior knowledge on the lesson. This will
show you if you need to proceed in completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the
end of this module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for all activities and tests. We trust that you will be honest
in using them.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher is also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you in your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this CLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
Likewise, read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any question in using this CLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

ii
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master bivariate data. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into two lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – The Bivariate Data
 Lesson 2 – Scatter Plot and Characteristics of Bivariate Data Sets

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define bivariate data and its nature.
2. Determine an appropriate graph for a bivariate data by assessing whether the
variables are categorical or quantitative.
3. Apply concepts of bivariate data sets by measuring and collecting pairs of
quantitative variables.
4. Define scatter plot.
5. Collect, organize, and graph bivariate data in the form of a scatter plot
6. Describe the characteristics of bivariate data sets
7. Analyse scatter plots to determine if there is a relationship or association
between the two quantities.

1
 What I Know

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about
the lesson so let us have some fun. Read each question carefully and choose the
letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper and
submit a copy of it to your subject teacher.

1. Which one of the following is NOT appropriate for studying the relationship
between two quantitative variables?
a. Scatterplot b. Bar chart c. Correlation d. Regression

2. Which of the following expressions is NOT CORRECT?

a. measured independent variable c. measured dependent variable
b. manipulated dependent variable d. manipulated independent variable

3. What data analysis to be used to evaluate whether teachers’ stress can be

predicted by lack of sleep, nutritional habits, employment and interpersonal
relationship.
a. Univariate c. Multivariate
b. Bivariate d. All of the above

4. A scatter plot shows;

a. Scores on one variable plotted against scores on a second variable
b. The frequency with which values appear in the data
c. The average value of groups of data
d. The proportion of data falling into different categories

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

I. In a scatter plot each point of the graph is plotted with a pair of two
related data: x and y
II. In a scatter plot a variable assigned to x-axis is called explanatory
III. In a scatter plot a variable assigned to y-axis a response variable
a. I only b. II only c. I and II only d. I, II and III

6. If all the dots of a scatter diagram lie on a straight line falling from left
bottom corner to the right upper corner, the correlation is called _________.
a. Zero correlation
b. Perfect negative correlation
c. High degree of positive correlation
d. Perfect positive correlation

7. When the values of two variables move in the opposite directions, correlation
is said to be ____________________.
a. Linear c. Positive
b. Non-linear d. Negative

2
8. The relationship between the variables x and y is shown on the scatterplot at
right. The correlation between x and y would be best described as:
a. a weak positive association
b. a weak negative association
c. a strong positive association
d. a strong negative association

9. Back-to-back stem plot is a useful way of displaying the relationship

between:
a. the number of children attending a day care centre and whether or not the
centre has federal funding
b. height and wrist circumference
c. age and weekly income
d weight and the number of takeaway meals eaten each week

10. Which of the following statements best describes by the graph below;

8
6
Alcohol

4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Tobacco

a. histogram illustrating a lack of association between tobacco and alcohol

b. scatterplot illustrating a positive association between tobacco and alcohol
c. histogram illustrating a positive association between tobacco and alcohol
d. scatterplot illustrating a perfect positive association between tobacco and
alcohol

3
 Lesson
Bivariate Data
1
When one measurement is made on each observation, univariate analysis is
applied. If more than one measurement is made on each observation, multivariate
analysis is applied. In this section, we focus on bivariate analysis, where exactly two
measurements are made on each observation. So let’s find out more about this.

What’s In
Getting To Know You!
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose your answer from the given
answer pool below. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.

Dependent variable
Independent variable Two-way
Categorical frequency
Quantitative table
Bivariate data

Parallel Box Scatter plot

plot

1. This can be used to show the relationship between two categorical variables.
2. It measures an outcome of a study.
3. It may explain or influence changes in a response variable
4. It shows the relationship between two quantitative variables measured on the
same individual.
5. It involves quantities which are measurable or countable.

4
 Note the Teachers
The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in
the development of this competency including the schema or
background knowledge which may reinforce learning. This module
will help the learners bridge the gap of learning to attain mastery
of the lesson in its spiral progression.

What is New
Vocabulary:

Quantitative data/numerical data – is a measurement expressed not by means of

a natural language description, but rather in terms of numbers. These data have
meaning as a measurement, such as a person’s height, weight, IQ, etc.

Qualitative data/categorical data - is a measurement expressed not in terms of

numbers, but rather by means of a natural language description. Categorical data
represent characteristics such as a person’s gender, marital status, hometown, etc.

What is It

Bivariate Data

Bivariate data are ubiquitous in all fields of scientific research. They consist
of paired measurements on two quantitative variables, say X and Y. That is, each
observation, i, in a data set containing n observations possesses numerical
values xi and yi. Thus, bivariate data deals with two variables that can change and
are compared to find relationships. If one variable is influencing another variable,
then you will have bivariate data that has an independent and a dependent variable.

5
This is because one variable depends on the other for change. An independent
variable (explanatory) is a condition or piece of data in an experiment that can be
controlled or changed. A dependent variable (outcome) is a condition or piece of
data in an experiment that is controlled or influenced by an outside factor, most
often the independent variable.

This is very different from univariate data, which is one variable in a data set that
is analyzed to describe a scenario or experiment.

For example, if Mindy was studying for a quarter tests and tracks her study
time and her test scores, she might see that the more time she spends studying, the
better her test scores become. Therefore, in this scenario, Mindy's test scores are the
dependent variable because they depend on the number of hours she studies.
Likewise, the number of study hours would be considered the independent variable.
For that reason, we can see the relationship in this bivariate data set

It is useful to identify the independent and dependent variables where possible,

since it is the usual practice when displaying data on a graph to place the
independent variable on the horizontal axis and the dependent variable on the
vertical axis.

There are ways of displaying the data and of measuring relationships between
the two variables. The methods we employ to do this depend on the type of variables
we are dealing with; that is, they depend on whether the data are numerical or
categorical.

1. A numerical variable and a categorical variable (for example, height and

nationality)
2. Two categorical variables (for example, gender and religious denomination)

3. Two numerical variables (for example, height and weight).

 Back to back Stem-plot - displays the relationship between a numerical

variable and a categorical variable. We shall limit ourselves in this section to
categorical variables with just two categories, for example, gender. The two
categories are used to provide two back-to-back leaves of a stem plot.

6
 Parallel boxplot - display a relationship between a numerical variable
and a categorical variable with two or more categories.

 Two-way frequency table-examining the relationship between two categorical

variables.

 Segmented bar charts - powerful visual aid for comparing and examining the
relationship between two categorical variables.

 Scatterplot- which gives a visual display of the relationship between two

numerical variables.

7
 What’s More
To Be With You More!
Directions: Determine what type and how many variables were used in each graph.
Write your answer in the right column.
Graph Variables

1.

2.

3.

4.

8
 5.

What I have Learned

Make It With You!
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Answer the questions on each item
completely.

1. The
 teacher
 records
 students
 grades
 on
 a
 test
 and
 the
 number
 of

days
 until
 their
 next
 birthday
 and
 wants
 to
 know
 if
 there
 is
 a

relationship.

Student Test Grade Days Until Birthday
Angelo 100 10
Bryan 82 300
Cecille 97 254
Daniel 77 28
Elena 84 211
a. What
 type
 of
 data
 is
 this?

b. What
 would
 you
 use
 to
 display
 it?


2. Record
 the
 following
 information
 from
 one of your family members:

 Height
 Wingspan
 Favorite
 Color
 (red,
 blue,
 green,
 yellow,
 black,
 white,
 or

 purple)
 Favorite
 Type
 of
 Food
 (dessert,
 breakfast,
 candy,

lunch/dinner)
 Birth
 Month
 Birthday
 (day
 of
 the
 month)

9
 a. Which
 data
 sets
 are
 categorical?
b. Which
 data
 sets
 are
 numerical?
c. Choose
 one
 set
 of
 data
 to
 display
 in
 a
 box
 plot

d. Choose
 one
 set
 of
 data
 to
 display
 in
 a
 bar
 graph.
e. Choose
 one
 set
 of
 data
 to
 compare
 in a
 Scatter
 Plot.

Lesson Scatter Plot and Characteristics

2 of Bivariate Data Sets
A scatter plot (also called a scatterplot, scatter graph, scatter
chart, scattergram, or scatter diagram) is a type of plot or mathematical
diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for
a set of data. The data are displayed as a collection of points, each having the value
of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the
other variable determining the position on the vertical axis

What’s In
Data Match Relation Activity
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in each item.

1. How many variables are a. The independent variable is the input

displayed in a scatter plot variable and should be represented by
diagram? the x-axis.
2. Which describes a correct way b. One along the x-axis and one along the
to construct a scatter plot?
y-axis
3. How should you create c. When analysing the number of
scatterplots? boys who participate in volleyball
each year for several years, the
number of boys is the dependent
variable.
4. What is the name of the type of d. Not univariate, maybe bivariate
data that a scatter plot used to
analyse
5. Which statement is correct e. They should focus on relationships, and
when a scatterplot is avoid extra blank space
constructed?

10
 6. What do scatterplots display? f. If we have data on variables x/y for n
individuals. The values for the first
individual are (x1 y1), the values for the
second individual are (x2, y2) and so on.

Note the Teachers

The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in
the development of this competency including the schema or
background knowledge which may reinforce learning. This module
will help the learners bridge the gap of learning to attain mastery
of the lesson in its spiral progression.

What is New
KNOW THESE!

Of all the well-known graphical devices used today for the display of
quantitative data, the most ubiquitous, at least in popular presentation graphics—
pie charts, line graphs, and bar charts—in their modern form, are generally
attributed to William Playfair1(1759–1823). All of these were essentially one-
dimensional.

The next major invention, and the first true two-dimensional one, is the
scatterplot. Indeed, among all the forms of statistical graphics, the humble
scatterplot may be considered the most versatile, polymorphic, and generally useful
invention in the entire history of statistical graphics. Tufte (1983) estimated that
between 70 and 80 percent of graphs used in scientific publications are scatterplots.

11
 What is It

SCATTER PLOT
Scatter plot are diagrams that are used to show the degree and pattern of
relationship between the two sets of data. For instance, a researcher wants to finds
out if there is a relationship between height and weight. Here height is the
independent variable and weight is the dependent variable. If a person gets taller, his
weight may increase but an increase in his weight will not make the person taller.
But this does not mean that this variable causes the other variable, it simply means
that there is association between the two. The data will be constructed on the xy
coordinate plane. Each data point on a scatter plot represents two values (x, y). The
abscissa of the point is a value of the independent variable (x) and the ordinate is a
value of the dependent variable. Using scatter plots, we can identify the relationship
between two attributes, clusters of points and outliers.

Characteristics of Bivariate Data Sets

A correlation or association shows a relationship between two sets of data. When we

look at scatterplot, we should be able to describe the association we see between the
variables. A quick description of the association in a scatterplot should always
include a description of the form, direction, and strength of the association, along
with the presence of any outliers.

Form: Is the association linear or nonlinear?

Direction: Is the association positive or negative?

Strength: Does the association appear to be strong, moderately strong, or weak?

Outliers: Do there appear to be any data points that are unusually far away from

the general pattern?

12
Example:

The table below shows the time in hours (x) spent by six grade 11 students in
studying their modules and their scores (y) on a test. Construct a scatter plot.

Time spent (x) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Score(y) 5 15 10 15 30 35

40
30
Score

20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
time

The points plotted on the x-y coordinate plane seem to follow a straight line that
point upward to the right. This indicates that the two variables are to some extent
linearly related and the relationship between variables is positive. The scatterplot
represents a positive correlation. It describes a trend since as the amount spent in
studying increases their scores also increases.

13
 DRAWING CONCLUSIONS/CAUSATION

When data are graphed, we can often estimate by eye (rather than measure) the type
of correlation involved. Our ability to make these qualitative judgments can be seen
from the following examples, which summarize the different types of correlation that
might appear in a scatterplot.

Strong (strength), positive (direction) linear Strong Negative linear

(form) relationship/correlation- dots are relationship/correlation - dots are
concentrated around a straight line pointing concentrated around a straight line pointing
upward to the right upward to the left.

Moderate positive linear correlation - dots

are not close but are not too far from the Moderate negative linear correlation -dots
straight line that they seem to follow are not close but are not too far from the
straight line that they seem to follow

14
Weak positive linear relationship-
the dots are widely spread Weak negative linear relationship –dots
are widely spread

Perfect positive linear relationship – Perfect negative linear relationship –

dots are on a straight line pointing dots are on a straight line pointing
upward to the right. upward to the left

No relationship- there is no
form, no linear trend, just a
random placement of points.

Note: In linear relationships, the trend in the data is best described by a straight line.
That is, we could fit a straight line in the center of the scatterplot to indicate the trend
in the data.
Line of best fit

15
 What’s More

Activity 1: Data Fill Activity

Directions: Write the correct answer in the space provided to complete each
sentence.

(1)
A scatter plot diagram is a graph that shows the _____________ between two
(2) (3)
______________variables. It uses _____________ to represent values for two numeric
variables. Scatter plot not only report the values of individual data points, but also
___________ when
(4) the data are taken as a whole. It is further apply the best suitable
___________ analysis
(5) technique.

Activity 2: Is it True or False?

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Indicate whether each statement is true
or false.

1. When there is no pattern, there is no correlation between the independent

and dependent values.
2. If the pattern is a trend to the right it is positive, a positive correlation exists
when one variable decreases as the other variable decreases, or one variable
increases while the other increases.
3. If some association or relationship exists, the data will tend to cluster on or
around some line.
4. When high values of one variable correspond to high values of another
variable, and low values of one variable correspond to low values of another
variable, we say the relationship is negative.
5. A scatter plot provides a visual revelation of outliers or dubiously measured
or erroneously plotted data.

What I have Learned

Tell Me Everything You Know!
Directions: Describe and interpret the following scatterplots completely by
indicating its form, direction and strength. Write your answer on the right column
of the table.

16
 Scatter Plot Description

1 distance travelled in km 60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8
time in hours

Shoe size vs. IQ

2
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 2 4 6 8

3 300
250
200
Altitude

150
100
50
0
0 20 40 60
Temperature

No. of hours vs. Amount of money made

4
2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 5 10 15 20

17
 5 160

Wieght in Lbs
150
140
130
120
0 2 4 6 8
No. of hours Exercise in a week

What I Can Do
Directions: Read each problem carefully and answer the question/s that follow/s.

1. Jayson plays basketball for his high school at Bangui. She wants to improve to
play at the college level. He notices that the number of points he scores in a game
goes up in response to the number of hours he practices his jump shot each week.
He records the following data.
No. of hours practicing jump 4 5 7 10 11 12
shot
Points scored in a game 12 15 21 28 33 37

A. Construct a scatter plot and state if what Jayson thinks appear to be true.

2. The population of some municipalities in Ilocos Norte (to the nearest thousand)
together with the number of primary schools in that particular municipality is given
below for 10 municipalities.
Population 35 29 15 24 3 33 32 25 38
No. of Primary 16 13 7 12 2 15 15 12 18
school

A. Construct a scatterplot for the data.

B. Is there a relationship exists between the populations of municipality to that of
the number of primary schools. If there is a relationship, describe it.

18
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which one of the following variables is not categorical?
a. Age of a person.
b. Gender of a person: male or female.
c. Choice on a test item: true or false.
d. Marital status of a person (single, married, divorced, other)

2. What is a graph of ordered pairs showing a relationship between two sets of

data?
a. bivariate c. scatter plot
b. dependent variable d. univariate data

3. Which of these studies might be analysed with a correlation?

a. The cost of various cars when new and the amount of time before those
cars need repair
b. The number of illnesses reported per year by vegetarians versus
nonvegetarians
c. The duration of fever for viral versus bacterial infections
d. The number of miles dieters walked and the amount of weight they lost

4. Which of the following statements illustrates negative relationship?

a. The more time is spent in studying his lessons, the higher is the average
grade of Lira.
b. If the population of fox in a forest increases, the number of deer
decreases.
c. The more students enrol in a school, the more teachers are needed.
d. The more workers are hired to paint the whole school, the sooner the job
is done.

5. When the values of two variables move in the same direction, correlation is
said to be _____________.
a. Linear c. Positive
b. Non-linear d. Negative

6. If all the points of a scatter diagram lie on a straight line falling from left
upper corner to the right bottom corner, the correlation is called ___________.
a. Zero correlation
b. Perfect negative correlation
c. High degree of positive correlation
d. Perfect positive correlation

7. In a study on the effectiveness of vitamin C, a researcher asked a group of

people with cold and flu symptoms to record the number of days these
symptoms persisted and their daily dosage (in mg) of vitamin C. If the
researcher wishes to represent these data graphically, which of the following
should she do?

19
 a. Show the number of days the symptoms persisted on the x-axis, as this
is the independent variable and the daily dosage of vitamin C on the y-
axis, as this is the dependent variable.
b. Show the daily dosage of vitamin C on the x-axis, as this is the dependent
variable and the number of days the symptoms persisted on the y-axis,
as this is the independent variable.
c. Show the number of days the symptoms persisted on the x-axis, as this
is the dependent variable and the daily dosage of vitamin C on the y-
axis, as this is the independent variable.
d. Show the daily dosage of vitamin C on the x-axis, as this is the
independent variable and the number of days the symptoms persisted on
the y-axis, as this is the dependent variable.

8. Choose the scatterplot that best fits this description: “There is a moderately
strong negative linear association between the two variables with a few potential
outliers”

15 15

a. 10 c. 10

5 5

0 0
0 5 10 0 5 10

20
8

b. 15 d. 6
10 4

5 2

0 0
0 5 10 15 0 5 10 15

9. Mrs. Roque made a scatter plot to compare the number of questions each
student missed on their pre-test and their post-test, in Mathematics as shown in the
graph; # of Questions missed
10
How many of Mrs. Roque’s 10 students 8
Post test

missed the same number of questions on 6

both test? 4
a. 2 c. 5 2
b. 4 d. 6 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Pre-test

20
10. Which statement is supported by the data shown below?
Hours of Sleep and Grade Point Average (G.P.A.)
Student Hours of sleep per G.P.A.
night
Riza 7.2 3.3
Star 4.5 2.1
John 5.9 2.7
James 5.1 2.5
Merry 6 3.0
Yam 7.5 3.6
Dem 7.0 3.5

a. A higher GPA allows a person to get more sleep.

b. More sleep causes a person to have a higher GPA.
c. Schoolwide, sleep and GPA are positively correlated.
d. In the sample study, sleep and GPA are positively correlated.

Additional Activities
Data Construction Analysis Activity

Directions: Do what is required for each item.

1. Suppose you want to make a scatter plot of the following cases:

a. Using a meter stick or ruler, measure the length of the arm spam and height of
your 7 neighbour, ages 10 years old.

b. Construct 10 squares. Find the side of each square. Measure their perimeter.

QUESTIONS:

A. Which variable would best be suited as explanatory variables

(independent variables)? Why?
B. Which one as the response variable (dependent variables)? Why?
C. Construct a table of values.
D. Create your own scatter plot.

21
 E. For each of the pairs of variables, indicate whether the second variable
would increase or decrease in response to an increase in the value of the
first variable.
Rubric

Point Descriptor
4 The variables are correctly identified. It is labelled accurately in the scatterplot
diagram and each individual points is properly illustrated as shown in the table of
values. All questions are answered completely.
3 The variables are correctly identified but was not shown in the scatterplot diagram
and each individual points is properly illustrated yet incomplete as shown in the
table of values. All questions are answered completely
2 The variables are correctly identified but was not shown in the scatterplot diagram
and each individual points is properly illustrated yet incomplete as shown in the
table of values. All questions are answered completely but some important details
are not indicated.
1 The variables are not correctly identified and not shown in the scatterplot diagram
and each individual points is properly illustrated yet incomplete as shown in the
table of values. All questions are answered completely but some important details
are not indicated.

22
 Answer Key
What’s In

1.Two way frequency

10. b
table
9. a one categorical
8. d 2.Dependent Variable Two numerical and 5.
7. d Two numerical 4.
6. d 3.Independent variable One numerical 3.
5. d
4. a 4.Scatter plot Two categorical 2.
one numerical
3. c 5.Quantitative One categorical and 1.
2. b
1. b What’s More
What I Know

vary What’s More

answers may
2. Students’ F 6. Activity 1:
A 5. 1.Relationship/association
D 4. 2.Quantitative/numerical
b. Scatter plot E 3. 3.Dots
numerical C 2. 4.Pattern
1. A. Two B 1. 5.Correlation
Activity 2:
What I Have Learned What’s In (Lesson 2)
1. True
2. True
Assessment 3. True
Additional Activities 4. False
1. A 5. True
Students’ answers may vary 2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. D
8. B
9. C
10. B

23
 24
What I Can Do
1. A. Yes, Jayson’s assumption is true the more the number of hours practicing jump
shot, the more the points scored in a game.
2. The relationship of the number of population to the number of primary school is
directly proportional, as one variable increases, the other variable also increases.
What I Have Learned
1. Strong positive linear association between the two variables. As the amount of time
increases the distance travelled also increases.
2. There is no pattern, thus there is no association between the two variables.
3. Strong negative linear association between the two variables. As the temperature
increases, altitude decreases.
4. Weak positive linear association between the two variables. As the amount of time
in working increases, the amount of money also increases.
5. Perfect negative linear association between the two variables. As you increase the
amount of time in doing exercise the weight decreases.
References
 Baccay, Elisa S.,Belecina Rene R. and Efren B. Mateo. (2016) Statistics and
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 http://rubinmath.weebly.com/uploads/3/8/9/1/38911697/scatter_plot_practice.pdf

 https://betterlesson.com/lesson/629922/representing-bivariate-data-sets
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