1. Dress properly when attending Online Class.

2. Make sure that you have the hard copy of the module while having
our Online Class.
3. Note taking is a MUST! So get your Math notebook and
ballpen.
4. TURN OFF your speaker unless you are told to use it in answering
questions.
5. TURN On your cameras for me to see what you’re doing while
attending online class.
6. Use the CHAT BOX for answering exercises, problems, or if you
have some questions or clarifications.
7. Other questions will be entertained after the discussion.
Lesson 1
What is a Set?
A set is a collection of well-defined
distinct objects called elements that
shares a common characteristics.
Give example
of a well-
defined set?
How do we
name a set?
 A set is named using any
capital letter.
Example:

A = {the set of vowels in the English Alphabet}

B = {M, T, W, Th, F, Sat, Sun}
What do you call
the member of
each set?
 The name given to an object within a set.

 is the symbol for element, read as “element of”.

 Roster Notation or Listing Method

 Set Builder Notation or Rule Method

 Elementsof the set are listed and
separated by commas enclosed within
curly braces.
A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
B = {r, o, y, g, b, i, v}
C = { J, F, M, A, M, J, J, A, S, O, N, D}
 Elements of the set is being described.
 It uses the symbol “|” that is being read as “such
that”.
A = {x|x is a vowel of the English alphabet}

-> this set is being read as “Set A is the set of all x, such that x is
a vowel of the English alphabet”
A set with no element or
member is called null set.
It is represented by the
symbol { } or ∅.
Null set is also called as
empty set.
Cities of Bicol Region beginning with A
D= { } D= ∅
Set D has no element,
therefore set D is an empty set or null set.
Cardinality of set is the total
number of elements
included in a set.
 A={ Iriga, Naga, Ligao, Legazpi,
Tabaco, Sorsogon, Masbate}
Instead of saying: “There are 7 elements
in Set A”.
We say: “The cardinality of Set A is 7.”
We write it as, n(A) = 7
B = {Albay, Camarines Norte, Camarines
Sur, Catanduanes, Masbate, Sorsogon}

The cardinality of Set B is 6.

n(B) = 6
Sets having a countable number of
elements are called finite sets.

Sets in which the number of elements

cannot be counted or determined are
called infinite sets.
 Tell whether the sets are finite or infinite.
1. C = {red, yellow, orange, green, violet, blue}
2. E = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, …}
3. W = {x/x is a day of the week ending in s}
4. M = {2, 4, 6}
A = {1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5}
B = {a , e , i , o , u}
C = {3 , 6 , 9}
D = {counting numbers from 1-5}
 Lesson 3

Subsets of a Set
 Universal Set: the set that contains all elements under
consideration denoted by the symbol “U”.
 Subset: set created or formed whose elements are taken from
a given set.
 Proper Subset: a set whose elements are present from a given
set (say set A) but not all the elements of set A.
 Equal Sets: two sets having exactly the same number of
elements or cardinality.
 Equivalent Sets: two sets having exactly the same cardinality
and elements.
 Element: ∈
 Not Element: ∉
 Null Set or Empty Set: 𝜙 or { }
 Subset: ⊆
 Proper Subset: ⊂
 Not a Subset: ⊆
 U = {1, 2, 3}
What are the possible combinations using the elements in the
given set?
Given: U = {1, 2, 3}
A = {1} D = {1, 2}
B = {2} E = {1, 3}
C = {3} F = {2, 3}
H={} G = {1, 2, 3}
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 SET OPERATIONS
(1) Union of Sets
(2) Intersection of Sets
(3) Set Complement
(4) Set Difference
Given:
A = {1,2,3,4,5}
B = {6,7,8,9,10}
C = {1,3,5,7,9}
D = {2,4,6,8,10}
Examples:
1. A ∪ B = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
2. B ∪ C = {1,3,5,6,7,8,9,10}
3. C ∪ A = {1,2,3,4,5,7,9}
4. D ∪ B = {2,4,6,7,8,9,10}
Exercises:

Given:
A = {1,4,7,9} B = {0,2,3,7,8,10}
C = {3,7,8} D = {0,2,10}

Find:
1. A ∪ B
2. C ∪ D
3. A ∪ B ∪ C
4. D ∪ A ∪ B
Given:
A = {1,2,3,4,5}
B = {6,7,8,9,10}
C = {1,3,5,7,9}
D = {2,4,6,8,10}
Examples:
1. A ∩ B = { }
2. B ∩ C = {7,9}
3. C ∩ A = {1,3,5,}
4. D ∩ B = {6,8,10}
Exercises:

Given:
A = {1,4,7,9} B = {0,2,3,7,8,10}
C = {3,7,8} D = {0,2,10}

Find:
1. A ∩ B
2. C ∩ B
3. A ∩ B ∩ C
4. D ∩ A ∩ B
Exercises:
Given:
A = {1,4,7,9} B = {0,2,3,7,8,10}
C = {3,7,8} D = {0,2,10}

Find:
1. A ∩ B ∪ C
2. C ∪ B ∩ D
3. (A ∩ B) ∪ (C ∩ D)
4. (D ∩ A) ∩ (B ∪ C)
Given:
U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
A = {1,2,3,4,5}
B = {6,7,8,9,10}
C = {1,3,5,7,9}
D = {2,4,6,8,10}
Examples:
1. A’ = {6,7,8,9,10} or B
2. B’ = {2,4,6,8,10} or A
3. (A ∪ C)’ = {1,2,3,4,5,7,9}’ = {6,8,10}
4. A’ ∩ D = {2,4,6,8,10} ∩ {2,4,6,8,10} = {2,4,6,8,10} or B
Given:
U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}
A = {1,4,7,9} B = {0,2,3,7,8,10}
C = {3,7,8} D = {0,2,10}
Find:
1. A’
5. A’ ∪ B
2. B’
6. (A ∪ B)’
3. C’
7. C ∪ (B ∩ D)’
4. D’
8. (D’ ∩ A) ∩ (B’ ∪ C’)’
Given:
A = {1,2,3,4,5}
B = {6,7,8,9,10}
C = {1,3,5,7,9}
D = {2,4,6,8,10}
Examples:
1. A − D = {1, 3, 5}
2. B − C = {6, 8, 10}
3. C − A = {7, 9}
4. D − B = {2, 4}
Exercises:
Given:
A = {1,4,7,9} B = {0,2,3,7,8,10}
C = {3,7,8} D = {0,2,10}

Find:
1. A − B =
2. C − B =
3. (A − B) ∪ (C − D) =
4. (D ∩ A) − (B ∪ C)=