Scribd
Upload
257 views10 pages

Lesson 2.2.1 - Actual Rankine Cycle

The document discusses the ideal Rankine cycle and the actual Rankine cycle used in vapor power systems, noting that real systems deviate from the ideal due to pressure drops, heat losses, and irreversibility in fluid machinery. It also provides equations to calculate the actual work and heat transfers in the system, as well as the actual thermal efficiency, using isentropic efficiencies to account for deviations from the ideal cycle.

Uploaded by

suga lin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
257 views10 pages

Lesson 2.2.1 - Actual Rankine Cycle

The document discusses the ideal Rankine cycle and the actual Rankine cycle used in vapor power systems, noting that real systems deviate from the ideal due to pressure drops, heat losses, and irreversibility in fluid machinery. It also provides equations to calculate the actual work and heat transfers in the system, as well as the actual thermal efficiency, using isentropic efficiencies to account for deviations from the ideal cycle.

Uploaded by

suga lin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

ME0005

THERMODYNAMICS 2
• Understand the working principle
behind an actual Rankine cycle.
❖ Fluid friction causes pressure drops
across the pipes and components of
the cycle
❖ Heat loss also occurs due to
imperfect insulation
❖ Irreversibility occurs in fluid
machineries

Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering


Approach 5th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Ideal cycle for vapor power
cycle

1-2: Isentropic compression


2-3: Isobaric heat addition
3-4: Isentropic expansion
4-1: Isobaric heat rejection Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering
Approach 5th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
1 350°C T
3 MPA

1
3 MPA
TURBINE
4a
4

BOILER 2
75 kPA
3 2 2a

CONDENSER
4
3 75 kPA
S
PUMP
The deviation of fluid machineries can
be quantified as isentropic efficiencies:

ℎ2𝑠 − ℎ1
𝜂𝑃 =
ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1

ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑎
𝜂𝑇 =
ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑠 Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering
Approach 5th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Actual Heat added (Boiler)
𝑞𝑖𝑛 (𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ3 − ℎ2𝑎

𝑄𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑚(ℎ
ሶ 3 − ℎ2𝑎 )
❖ Actual Heat rejected (Condenser)
𝑞𝑜𝑢𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ4𝑎 − ℎ1
Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering
𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑚(ℎ
ሶ 4𝑎 − ℎ1 ) Approach 5th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Actual Work pump (Pump)

𝑤𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1 = 𝜐1 (𝑃2 − 𝑃1 )

𝑊𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑚ሶ ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1 = 𝑚𝜐1 (𝑃2 − 𝑃1 )

❖ Actual Work turbine (Turbine)

𝑤𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑎 Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering


Approach 5th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
𝑊𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑚ሶ ℎ3 − ℎ4𝑎
❖ Actual Work Net

𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑊𝑇(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) − 𝑊𝑃(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙)

𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = 𝑄𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) − 𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙)

❖ Actual Thermal Efficiency


𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙)
𝑛 𝑇𝐻(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) = Source: Thermodynamics: An Engineering
𝑄𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙) Approach 5th Ed. by Cengel & Boles
❖ Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach 5th Ed.
by Cengel & Boles

❖ Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics 5th


Ed. By M. J. Moran & H. N. Shapiro

You might also like