JEARNIE LOU M.

ARROYO BSMT-M14 PRIMLS-1

PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 1

HIPPOCRATES Mid 1800's

Father of Medicine ( 300 BC - 180 AD - Laboratories designed for analyzing medical
Author of Hippocratic Oath specimens.
Instigated the Four Humors of man
(Blood, Phlegm, Yellow Bile, and Black Bile Mid 1900's
Advocated the tasting of Urine, listening - Technical lab regulated by the CDC began to
to the lungs and observing outward used for medical diagnostics in the US
appearances in diagnosis of diseases.
Appearance of bubbles, blood, pus in urine Early 20th Century
indicated kidney disease and chronic _Improvements in basic sciences & integration
illnesses (Uroscopy) of scientific and technological discoveries.

900 AD MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE US

-Book detailed a characteristics of urine 1895 - University of Pennsylvania's
(color, density, quality) Wiliam Pepper Lab of Clinical Medicine
Macro - can be seen by naked eye 1918, John Kolmer - "the demand for and
(physical appearance of urine) training lab technicians"
Microscopic - use of microscope 1920, lab consisted of 4 to 5 divisions:
Clinical pathology, bacteriology,
11 Century microbiology, serology, and radiology.
- Conduct a physical examination from the 1922, American Society for Clinical
patient's body is prohibited but dependent Pathology (ASCP)
to px description of symptoms and 1950, Medtech in the US was being
observation. recognized from the Government of their
18th Century educational qualifications through licensure
- mechanical techniques and cadaver laws.
dissection arises.
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE
19th Century PHILIPPINES
-started using machines for dx and
1901, Bureau of Government Laboratories
therapeutics.
was established under the Philippine
John Hutchinson's Spirometer - measuring
Commission Act. 158
the vital capacity of the lungs.
World War II - first Clinical Laboratory in
Jules Herisson's sphymomanometer -
the Philippines was established (Manila
measuring blood pressure.
Public Health Lab
 1954, Bureau of Private Education
approved a four year course in Bachelor
CODE OF ETHICS
of Science in Medical Technology. Dr. Nardito Moraleta (original ver)
1954, Manila Sanitarium and Hospital - Prof. Rodolfo Rabor (revised ver)
first school of Medtech in the Phil.
(Internship training affiliated in Loma ROLES OF MEDTECH
Linda University in California.
PROFESSIONALS
Nature of mediCAL PERFORM CLINICAL LAB TESTING -
TECHNOLOGY must be capable to perform most basic to
the most advanced laboratory
Medical Technology
test
- designed to improved the detection, PERFORM SPECIAL PROCEDURES - aides
diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of for diagnosis of diseases, molecular and
diseases. nuclear diagnostics.
Technology in 3 ways: Physical artefact, ENSURE ACCURACY AND PRECISION OF
Means to accomplish goal, and knowledge RESULTS - give impacts to the
interpretation of results by the physician.
PRACTICE OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY R.A BE HONEST IN PRACTICE - values of
5527 section 2 honesty in conveying or reporting of
1. Examinations of Tissues, secretions and results of any lab procedures. Should act
excretions of human body fluids accdg to the MedTech Code of Ethics.
2. Blood banking procedures and ENSURE TIMELY DELIVERY OF RESULTS
techniques - medtech must be aware of the urgency
3. Parasitologic, mycologic and of delivery of results.
microbiologic procedures and techniques DEMOSTRATE PROFESSIONALISM -
4. Histopathologic and cytologic must perform functions according to the
5. Clinical research professional CODE of ETHICS, Laws &
6. Preparations and standardization of regulations and national organization
reagents, stains, standards (PAMET & PASMETH)
7. Clinical laboratory quality control UPHOLD CONFIDENTIALITY - is one of
8. Collection and preservation of specimens the core duties within the medical
practice.
NOTE: A MedTech must first become a COLLABORATE W/ OTHER HEALTH CARE
licensed before he/she is permitted to PROFESSIONAL - collaboration to build
practice the profession. Practicing as a awell functioning team for success.
MedTech w/out a license is punishable by
law
 CONDUCT RESEARCH - to improve the
skills development and to provide patient HISTOTECHNOLOGIST - also referred to
care. as histotechnician, is a laboratory
INVOLVEMENT IN HEALTH personnel responsible for the routine
PROMOTIONS PROGRAMS - actively preparation, processing, and staining of
involve in reaching out to the community. biopsies and tissue specimens for
microscopic examination by a pathologist
practice of other NUCLEAR MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST -
technologist is a health care professional
laboratory personnel who works alongside nuclear physicians
PATHOLOGIST - duly registered
TOXICOLOGY - studies the effects of
physician who is specially trained in
toxic substances on the physiological
methods of laboratory medicine, or the
functions of human beings, animals, and
gross and the microscopic study and
plants to develop data for use in
interpretations of tissues, secretions and
consumer protection and industrial safety
excretions of human body and its
programs.
functions in order to diagnose disease,
follow its course, determine the
effectively of its treatment, ascertain
ETHICS
cause of death, and advance medicine by - is the moral code that guides how an
cause of research. Head of a clinical individual should behave.
laboratory - Deals with human problem
MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNICIANS - Logical ( problem of reasoning)
is a person certified by and registered Epistemological (problems of the
with the Board of Medical Technology truth)
and qualified to assist a medical Cosmological (problems of universe)
technologist and/or qualified pathologist Ethical (problems of morality)
in the practice of medical technology as Aesthetical (problem of art & beauty)
defined in aforementioned act. Scientific Problem (problems of
PHELBOTOMIST - is an individual train to science)
draw blood either for laboratory tests or
for blood donations. A medical -School Ethics
technologist is required to be skilled in Ethical Relativism
phlebotomy. Ethical Pragmatism
CYTOTECHNOLOGIST - is a laboratory Ethical Utilitarianism
personnel who works with the pathologist
to detect changes in body cells which
may be important in the early diagnosis of
diseases.
MORAL ISSUES MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
ABORTION - Article II section 12 of 1987
Philippine Constitution CURRICULUM (CHED ACT OF
it shall equally protect the life of the
mother and the life of the unborn from
1992)
conception CHED
EUTHANASIA (Mercy Killing) Under CHED is the TCMTE which is composed
is the practice of ending a life intentionally of leading academicians and practitioners
usually in situations when an individual is responsible for assisting the commission in
terminally ill to relieve pain and suffering. setting standards among institutions which
(Voluntary and Non-voluntary. offers MEDTECH programs.
GENETIC ENGINEERING - genetic CMO NO. 13 SERIES OF 2017
manipulations BSMT/BMLS - is a 4 year program, consists
Involves different procedures like Genetic of General Education and Professional courses
screening, Genetic interventions, stem cell (expected to complete w/in first 3 years,
therapy and In vitro fertilization since 4th year is dedicated for internship
program)
PRFESSIONAL ETHICS
Professionalism in the workplace is UNITS Computation
necessary to maintain a healthy and Bacteriology: 5 units
productive work environment. 3 units lecture must 3hrs/week= 54
Professionalism ethics guides individual in hrs/se,m
dealing with issues and conflicts in the 2 units laboratory must render 6
workplace in order for them to remain hrs/week= 108 lab hrs/sem
functional.
PRE-Requisites courses must be followed
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY RULES
derived from GREEK & LATIN words
medtech curriculum
3 parts: root word (hemat, phlebo), prefix GENERAL EDUCATION COURSES
(hyper, pre), and suffix (uria, emia) 1. Understanding the self
The plural form of medical terms is made 2. Readings in Philippine History
by changing the end of the word and 3. The Contemporary World
NOT by adding S 4. Mathematics in the modern world
(bacterium/bacteria, nucleus/nuclei, 5. Purposive communication
ovum/ova, spermatozoon/spematozoa) 6. The life and works of Rizal
7. Science, Technology and Society
8. Art appreciation
9. Ethics
 PROFESSIONAL COURSES
1. Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 1 Code of Ethics of the
2. Principles of Medical Laboratory Science
2
Medical Technologist
3. Community and Public Health for MT/MLS (Revised version by Prof.
4. Cytogenetics
5. Human Histology Rodolfo Rabor)
6. Histopathologic Techniques with cytology As I enter the practice of medical technology,
7. Clinical Bacteriology I shall accept the responsibilities inherent to
8. Clinical Parasitology being a professional; I shall uphold the law and
9. Immunohematology and Blood Bank shall not engage in illegal work nor cooperate
10. Mycology and Virology with any enterprise of questionable character;
11. Laboratory management I shall work and act in strict spirit of fairness
12. Medical Technology Bioethics to employer, clients, contractors, employees
13. Hematology 1 and in a spirit of helpfulness and fraternity
14. Hematology 2 toward other members of the profession;
15. Clinical Microscopy I shall use only honorable means of
16. Clinical Chemistry 1 competition for professional employment or
17. Clinacal Chemistry 2 services and shall refrain from unfairly injuring,
18. Seminar 1 & 2 directly or indirectly, the professional
19. Molecular biology & diagnostics reputation, projects or business of fellow
medical technologist; I shall accept
RESEARCH COURSES 1 & 2 employment from more than one employer
CLINICAL INTERNSHIP TRAINING - only when there is no conflict of interest;
1,664 HOURS I shall perform professional work in a manner
1. must completed and passed all the the merits my task with full confidence and
academic and institutional requirements trust carried out with absolute reliability and
for the first 3 years of the program accuracy, fairness and honesty; I shall review
2. Students are required to undergo physical the professional works of other Medical
and lab examinations: CBC, U/A, Fecalysis, Technologies, when required, fairly and in
Chest X-ray. HBsAg, and Drug Test. confidence whether they are subordinates or
employees, authors of proposals for grants or
contracts, author of technical papers of other
publications or involved in litigation;
I shall advance the profession by exchanging
general information and experience with
fellow medical technologists and other
professionals and by contributing to the work
of professional organizations;
Is shall restrict my praises, criticisms, views,
and opinions within constructive limits and
shall not use the knowledge I know for
selfish ends; I shall treat any information I
acquired individuals in the
course of my work as strictly confidential
and may be divulged only to authorized
persons or entities
or with consent of the individual when
necessary; I shall report any infractions of
the these principles of the professional
conduct to authorities responsible for the
enforcement of
applicable laws or regulations, or to the
Ethics Committee of the Philippine
Association o Medical Technologists as may
be appropriate. To these principles, I hereby
subscribe and pledge
to conduct myself at all times in a manner
befitting the dignity of my profession.