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Lab Report 2

This lab report compares PWM and PCM modulation techniques. It presents Simulink models that demonstrate: 1) How PWM modulation works by comparing an analog signal to a sawtooth carrier signal to generate a PWM output and then uses low-pass and high-pass filters to recover the message signal. 2) How PCM modulation works by sampling, quantizing, and encoding an analog signal into a digital bit stream, and then decoding and reconstructing the original analog signal. 3) The report analyzes the modulated and retrieved signals for both PWM and PCM and discusses applications of each technique in areas like telecommunications, smart lighting, motor control, and audio/video amplification.

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Anondo Sarbabidya
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42 views

Lab Report 2

This lab report compares PWM and PCM modulation techniques. It presents Simulink models that demonstrate: 1) How PWM modulation works by comparing an analog signal to a sawtooth carrier signal to generate a PWM output and then uses low-pass and high-pass filters to recover the message signal. 2) How PCM modulation works by sampling, quantizing, and encoding an analog signal into a digital bit stream, and then decoding and reconstructing the original analog signal. 3) The report analyzes the modulated and retrieved signals for both PWM and PCM and discusses applications of each technique in areas like telecommunications, smart lighting, motor control, and audio/video amplification.

Uploaded by

Anondo Sarbabidya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab Report 7

FSK MODULATOR
Anand Sarbabidya,
ID#021161088_A_EEE3308_Summer_2021, Dept. of EEE, United International University,
Madani Avenue, Badda, Dhaka, Bangladesh,
[email protected]

Abstract-Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Pulse-width modulation (PWM) is used for controlling the amplitude of digital
signals in order to control devices and applications requiring power or electricity. Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method
used to digitally represent sampled analog signals. It is the standard form of digital audio in computers, compact discs, digital
telephony and other digital audio applications. In a PCM stream, the amplitude of the analog signal is sampled regularly at
uniform intervals, and each sample is quantized to the nearest value within a range of digital steps.

Keywords- Simulink, PWM, PCM, message signal, Sampling, Quantization, Retrieved Signal, Comparator, Encoder, Decoder,
Low Pass Filter , High Pass Filter.

Discussion: Fig.1 We are comparing an analog signal with sawtooth signal to generate our PWM signal which we
later on convert and pass-through Low Pass Filter which is basically acting as a changing capacitor during an output
of sample and hold in order to generate the message signal. However, the received signal has a dc offset which we
have to eliminate. So, we use a High Pass Filter.

Fig. 1: Simulink model connection diagram for PWM modulation and Demodulation.
Fig. 2. PWM modulated Signal with Message Signal

Fig. 3: Modulated Signal and Retrieved Signal


Discussion: Fig.4 By using PCM we can recover the same analog signal. We converted the Quantized value into bit
string and interpreted the MATLAB output after encoding and decoding the signal.

Fig. 4: PCM Simulink Block Diagram


Fig. 5: Input Parameters for the Block of generating the PCM Signal
Fig. 6: Transmitter side Signal (Analog, Pulse Train, Quantization, PCM)

Fig. 7: Quantization level followed my MSB to LSB PCM output


Fig. 8: Input Parameters of the blocks to retrieve the signal

Fig.9: Retrieved Signal


Conclusion: Applications of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
• PWM Techniques are used in Telecommunications for encoding purposes.
• Pulse Width Modulation helps in voltage regulation and thus finds its use in controlling Brightness in Smart
Lighting Systems and also controls the speed of motors.
• Computer Motherboard requires PWM Signals that controls the heat generated in the board. 4 Pin PWM
header is embedded in the fan that helps to dissipate the heat from the motherboard.
• It is also used in Audio/Video Amplifiers.
Applications of Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)
• Telephony
• Satellite Communication
References:
[1] Lab sheet 8 and 9, EEE 3308/EEE 310

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