A

Project Report

On

ONLINE BIDDING SYSTEM

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of

Project-IV (BIT278CO)

Of

Bachelor of Information Technology

Submitted to:

Purbanchal University

Biratnagar, Nepal

Submitted by:
ABHISHEK JAISWAL (3448--)

PRABHAT KIRAN SIGDEL (344877)

PRAJITA KHATRI (344878)

KANTIPUR CITY COLLEGE

Putalisadak, Kathmandu

19 September 2021
 A project report

On

ONLINE BIDDING SYSTEM

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Project-IV (BIT278CO)
Of
Bachelor of Information Technology

Submitted to:

Purbanchal University
Biratnagar, Nepal

Submitted by:
ABHISHEK JAISWAL (3448--)

PRABHAT KIRAN SIGDEL (344877)

PRAJITA KHATRI (344878)

Project Supervisor
Prakash Gautam
Asst. Professor

KANTIPUR CITY COLLEGE

Putalisadak, Kathmandu
19 September 2021
 TOPIC APPROVAL SHEET

It is hereby informed that the topic selected by Abhishek Jaiswal, Prabhat Kiran
Sigdel and Prajita Khatri of BIT IV semester for their semester project has been found
suitable and as per the credit assigned by Purbanchal University (PU), Biratnagar,
Nepal.

The Project Committee has approved the following topic and supervisor for the
above-mentioned students.

Topic Approved: ONLINE BIDDING SYSTEM

.........................
Prakash Gautam
Project Supervisor
Department of IT

.........................
Mr. Ashim K.C
Program Coordinator
Department of IT

.........................
Mr. Bikash Neupane
Project Coordinator
Department of IT
 CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISOR

This is to certify that the project entitled “ONLINE BIDDING SYSTEM” submitted
by Abhishek Jaiswal, Prabhat Kiran Sigdel and Prajita Khatri to the Department of
Information Technology, School of Science and Technology at Kantipur City
College, Kathmandu, Nepal towards the requirement for BIT: Project-IV is an
original work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance.

.........................

Project Supervisor

Prakash Gautam

Asst. Professor, IT

Department of Information Technology

Kantipur City College

Place: Kantipur City College,

Putalisadak, Kathmandu

Date: 19 September 2021

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The project members would like to express our deepest appreciation to our supervisor
Mr. Prakash Gautam for providing guidance during the completion of our project.
The project members would like to thank our supervisor for supervising, motivating
and being co-operative throughout the project work. Without his guidance and
persistent help, the project would not have been possible. The project members are
grateful to all the teachers who had helped us directly and indirectly throughout the
project. Finally, project members are indebted to the lab in-charge for providing the
facilities of lab during our project. We cannot move on without thanking our beloved
principal Mr. Raju Kattel for creating the required academic environment which
made our task appreciable.

Abhishek Jaiswal

Prabhat Kiran Sigdel

Prajita Khatri

BIT IV Semester

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 ABSTRACT

The online bidding system is a flexible solution for supporting lot- based online
bidding. The thesis explains the construction of a bidding website. The system has
been designed to be highly scalable and capable of supporting large numbers of
bidders in inactive bidding. The online bidding system lets you easily browse lots and
place bids using a secure server. All cost of mailing lots will be paid by the buyer.
The objective is to develop a user-friendly bidding site where any kind of product can
be bid and provide value added services to the bidders and the sellers. The products
will be authenticated, and the site provides a safe environment for online users.

TABLE OF CONTENT

ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................i
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENT.................................................................................................................iii
LIST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................................................v
LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................vi
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................1
Project Background..............................................................................................................1
Project Introduction.............................................................................................................1
Objectives of the project......................................................................................................2
Significance of the project....................................................................................................2
Project Features...................................................................................................................2
Assignment of Roles and Responsibilities............................................................................3
Documentation Organization...............................................................................................3
Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW...............................................................................................4
Chapter 3: SYSTEM ANALYSIS...................................................................................................6
System Development Model................................................................................................6
Requirement Specification...................................................................................................8
Functional Requirements.................................................................................................8
Non-functional Requirements..........................................................................................8
Feasibility Study...................................................................................................................9
Chapter 4: SYSTEM DESIGN....................................................................................................11
Context Diagram................................................................................................................11
Use case Diagram...............................................................................................................12
Chapter 5: SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION.................................................13
Programming Platform (Tools and Technologies used)......................................................13
Operating Environment......................................................................................................13
Testing and Debugging.......................................................................................................13
Implementation and Result Analysis..................................................................................14
Chapter 6: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT........................................................15
Conclusion..........................................................................................................................15

iii
 Limitations..........................................................................................................................15
Future Enhancements........................................................................................................15
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................16
APPENDICES...........................................................................................................................17
Output I..............................................................................................................................17
Output II.............................................................................................................................18
Output III............................................................................................................................19
Output IV............................................................................................................................20
Output V.............................................................................................................................21
Output VI............................................................................................................................22
Output VII...........................................................................................................................23

LIST OF FIGURES

Table no. 1.1

iv
Figure number Figure Page no.

1.1 Steps of Waterfall Model 15

1.2 Gantt chart 19

1.3 DFD level 0 20

1.4 DFD level 1 21

1.5 Use case 22

1.6 Activity Diagram for Admin 23

1.7 Activity Diagram for Buyer 24

1.8 Activity Diagram for Seller 25

1.9 ER Diagram 26

v
 LIST OF TABLES

Table no. 1.2

Table number Table Page no.

1.1 List of Figures v

1.2 List of Tables vi

1.3 Assignment of roles and responsibilities 10

1.4 Documentation organization 11

1.5 Testing 25

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 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

Project Background

Web-based online commercial activity for online biddings dates to 1995, when two bidding
sites were founded independently with alternative business models. The first online bidding
site was Onsale.com, founded by Jerry Kaplan in May 1995. In September that same
year, eBay was founded by French Iranian computer scientist Pierre Omidyar. Both
companies used ascending bid. The Web offered new advantages such as the use of
automated bids via electronic forms, a search engine to be able to quickly find items, and the
ability to allow users to view items by categories. In contrast to on sale where the company
itself was acting as the seller, eBay was the first online bidding site to support person-to-
person transactions. This led to eBay becoming the first online bidding to draw a mass
volume of online transactions, and it had the largest e-commerce user base of any site into the
2000s.

Online biddings have greatly increased the variety of goods and services that can be bought
and sold using bidding mechanisms along with expanding the possibilities for the ways
biddings can be conducted and in general created new uses for biddings. In the current web
environment there are hundreds, if not thousands, of websites dedicated to online bidding
practices.

Project Introduction

Online bidding site is a web application where users can buy and sell objects. Users can place
auctions or bid on auctions of other users, it may include minimum price limit, maximum
price limit and time limitations etc. Online auction is becoming more and more popular in
electronic commerce and hence it should system must increase its quality and security.

There are 4 types of users on the system: guests, rag- interred users, administrators and
banned users. Before a user can make use of the full functionality of the site, the user has to
register. The user will have to enter some personal information in a form in order to do this.
Only users of at least 18 years old will be allowed due to legal reasons. Both guests and users
can browse the deferent auctions, but only registered users can bid on auctions or place their
own auctions. Users can browse through auctions with categories or tags. Users can also
search for a septic auction. Deferent auctions can be created such as English auctions or silent
auctions. When a user places an auction, he or she also has to specify payment methods,

7
transport methods, a minimum price, duration for the auction and other general information
about the auction. A user can follow an auction. The followed auctions list is a list of auctions
that interest the user but on which he or she may not have bid yet. Then when the user wants,
he or she can bid on the auction. A user can view all the auctions he or she has bid on in the
active auctions list. When a user has won an auction, he or she can pay for the item. This will
be done through a transaction. The buyer can pay for the item by choosing one of the
payments options the seller has specified. One of these methods is through sales pal. This a
personal \bank account" on the site that each user has. Buyers can pay for items with the
money on this account and sellers can receive money on their sales pal account. Users can top
up their sales pal account, i.e., they transfer money to the account. When the transaction is
done, buyers and sell- errs can rate the transaction. Each user will have a rating then which is
based on the ratings of their transactions.

Objectives of the project

 To develop a user-friendly auctioning site where any kind of product can be

auctioned and provide value-added services to the bidders and sellers.
 To compute the seller's ratings using the feedback scores from the bid winners.
 Prior to each bid, the user’s bank or credit account must be authenticated for available
balance required for the bid.
 Online Legal Documentation to avoid disputes. Guidance to the users about the same
must be available

Significance of the project

 Convenience
The primary benefit to searching for a product by using an online bidding system is
convenience. As a bidder, you can make offers no matter where you and you are.

 Open 24/7

8
 The second huge benefit of using online bidding sites is you can place and bid
offers at all hours of the day. This may seem like a small thing, but what it
actually means is that you can buy from any time zone without fear you will
miss out.

 Save your Precious Time and Money

Using auction sites online to buy and sell things you will save you both time and
money. By doing your shopping online, you won’t waste time traveling miles for
some bids.

Project Features

 Bidder login
 Seller Login
 Admin Login
 Add Bid
 View Bid
 Bid

Assignment of Roles and Responsibilities

Table no 1.3

Member name Roles and Responsibilities

Abhishek Jaiswal Designing, Coding and Documentation

Prabhat Kiran Sigdel Designing, Coding and Documentation

Prajita Khatri Designing, Coding and Documentation

9
Documentation Organization

Table no 1.4

Chapters Heading

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter2 Literature Review

Chapter 3 System Analysis

Chapter 4 System Design

Chapter 5 System Development and Implementation

Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Enhancement

10
 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

Online bidding site is a web application where users can buy and sell objects. Users can place
auctions or bid on auctions of other users, it may include minimum price limit, maximum
price limit and time limitations

The following literature reviews attempt to demonstrate and support the grounds for Online
Bidding System

1. System 1: eBay

Introduction

eBay is the best overall online auction website because it’s free for buyers, both seller and
buyer have protections from fraud, and you’re not restricted to just the United States. You
can buy and sell on eBay from most countries. Launched in 1995, eBay is one of the oldest
and largest online auction platforms, with 185 million active users worldwide.

 It’s the best overall online auction website because buyers don’t pay anything to use it unless
it’s an international buyer who may have a currency conversion fee. Plus, both seller and
buyer have protections in the event of fraud.

Pros

 Buyers and sellers from all over the world

 It’s free for buyers
 Offers both seller's and buyer's protection

Cons

 Seller's fees aren’t uniform across categories

11
  Final value fees can be as high as $750, depending on your category

 Displays third-party advertisements and listings from other sellers on any eBay page
—including your listing

2. System 2: Auction.com

Introduction

In auction system users can buy bank-owned and foreclosed homes at auction prices. Some
listings have bids starting at just $1, and some properties aren’t for sale yet but are likely to
head to auction. Each listing is sold as-is, so a buyer should perform due diligence before
bidding on a property. They should also secure financing before bidding because closing can
happen quickly, often in under five weeks.  

Pros

 Many deals close within five weeks

 Offers a mobile app

 Access photos and local market data for each property listed

Cons

 Properties sold as-is

 Most listings are cash-only

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 Chapter 3: SYSTEM ANALYSIS

System Development Model

A software development Model, also known as a software development life

cycle (SDLC), is a structure imposed on the development of a software product. Similar
terms include software life cycle and software process. It is often considered a subset of
systems development life cycle. There are several models for such processes, each
describing approaches to a variety of tasks or activities that take place during the
process. Some people consider a lifecycle model a more general term and a software
development process a more specific term. For example, there are many specific
software development processes that 'fit' the spiral lifecycle model. ISO 12207 is an ISO
standard for software lifecycle processes. It aims to be the standard that defines all the
tasks required for developing and maintaining software.

Waterfall model

The waterfall model is a sequential design process, often used in software development

processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through
the phases of Conception, Initiation, Analysis, Design, Construction, Testing,
Implementation, and maintenance. The waterfall development model originates in
the manufacturing and construction industries; highly structured physical environments in
which after-the-fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not impossible. Since no formal
software development methodologies existed at the time, this hardware-oriented model was
simply adapted for software development.

13
 The phases of system development: planning/requirement gathering, analysis, design,
implementation, testing and maintenance are performed according to what is described to be
the waterfall model.

The process of development, first worked on tracking down the topic for us to begin our
project with based on the conditions of our semester project. Finding the topic of the project
to be carried out led us to gathering the resources according to the need to complete our
defined project. Then the features characteristics for our project were discussed and the
particular model for software development was implemented.

After the discussion part, it came down to accomplishing the desired project. The program
coding for the project was then started. Likewise the system architecture started coming
together with the consultation of our supervisor. The designed product was then tested as the
testing process is declared to be the next phase of software development. The tested product
of our project “Snake and Ladder” was presented to the respective committee of teachers to
make certain that it would make a valid semester project.

The documentation of this project was carried out all along through only planning and
preparing till the deployment.

Requirement Gathering

System Analysis

System Design

Coding

Testing

14
 Implementation

Figure 1.1 Steps of Waterfall Model

Requirement Specification

*Functional Requirements

The functional requirements of this system are as follows:

 Login
Authentication must be performed at the user level and check the valid user.

 Browsing

The user should be able to view items available for purchase.

The user should be able to view the review of a buyer or seller as posted by other
users.

 Sell

The user should be able to post an item for sale.

The user should be able to set the initial bidding price.

The user should be able to post a text description of the object.

The user should be able to post images of the item

 Bidding on Items

The user should be able to bid on items available for sale.

15
 All bids are binding.

Variable bidding types/styles will be available.

 Searching for Database

The user should be able to search available items according to category

The user should be able to search available items according to title.

The user should be able to search available items according to seller

 Purchase History
 System will allow the user to view their purchase history

*Non-functional Requirements

Usability:

Reliability: The web site shall always provide the users with valid information.

Availability: The responsiveness of the website shall be high, and the website shall behave
as per the user action. The response time and throughput time on the site shall be minimal

Security:  The website shall offer secure login option to the users to avoid unauthorized
access to the system and the information. Advanced encryption algorithms must be

integrated in the site to avoid misuse of the data sets.

Performance:

16
Feasibility Study

The basic idea behind feasibility study is to determine whether the project is feasible or not.
Feasibility is conducted to identify a best system that meets all the requirements. This
includes an identification, description, an evaluation of the proposed systems and selection of
the best system for the job.

The requirements of the system are specified with a set of constraints such as system
objectives and the description of the out puts. It is then duty of the analyst to evaluate the
feasibility of the proposed system to generate the above results. Three key factors are to be
considered during the feasibility study.

Operation Feasibility

An estimate should be made to determine how much effort and care will go into the
developing of the system including the training to be given to the user. Usually, people are
reluctant to changes that come in their progression. The computer initialization will certainly
affect the turnover, transfer and employee job status. Hence an additional effort is to be made
to train and educate the users on the new way of the system.

Technical Feasibility
The main consideration is to be given to the study of available resources of the organization
where the software is to be implemented. Here the system analyst evaluates the technical
merits of the system giving emphasis on the performance, reliability, maintainability and
productivity.

By taking the consideration before developing the proposed system, the resources availability
of the organization was studied. The organization was immense computer facilities equipped
with sophisticated machines and the software hence this technically feasible.

Economic Feasibility
Economic feasibility is the most important and frequently used method for evaluating the
effectiveness of the proposed system. It is very essential because the main goal of the

17
 proposed system is to have economically better result along with increased efficiency. Cost
benefit analysis is usually performed for this purpose. It is the comparative study of the cost
verses the benefit and savings that are expected from the proposed system. Since the
organization is well equipped with the required hardware, the project was found to be
economically.

Ghan Chart

January February March April May

S.
Tasks 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
N
w w w w w w w w w w w w w w ww w w w w
1. Concept Submission

2. Requirement gathering
Research and System
3.
Analysis
System Architecture and
4.
System Design
Coding, Debugging &
5.
Testing
6. Documentation
Figure no. 1.2 Gantt chart

Tasks completed

18
 Chapter 4: SYSTEM DESIGN

Context Diagram

Level 0 DFD

Figure no. 1.3 Context Diagram

19
Level 1 DFD

20
 Figure no. 1.4 Context Diagram

Use case Diagram

21
 Figure no. 1.5 Use Case

Activity Diagram for Admin

22
 Figure no. 1.6 Activity Diagram for Admin

Activity Diagram for Buyer

23
 Figure no. 1.7 Activity Diagram for Buyer

Activity Diagram for Seller

24
Figure no. 1.8 Activity Diagram for Seller

25
Database Design
I. ER diagram

Figure no. 1.9 ER Diagram

26
 Chapter 5: SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND
IMPLEMENTATION

Programming Platform (Tools and Technologies used)

Front end: Html, CSS, Java Script

Back end: MYSQL

Hardware requirements

PROCESSOR : PENTIUM III or above

CLOCK SPEED : 800 MHZ
SYSTEM BUS : 32 BIT
RAM : 256MB or more
HDD : 40GB
MONITOR : SVGA COLOR
KEYBOARD : 101 KEYS
MODEM : 56 KBPS/ADSL Broadband
MOUSE : PS2/ Serial
FDD : 1.44 MB

Software requirements

OPERATING : WINDOWS 2000/XP/2003 server

SYSTEM

BROWSER : INTERNET EXPLORER 5.5 OR ANY HTTP BRO

27
28
 Testing and Debugging

Input Expected output Actual output Status

To check whether the form All fields should take valid

Run successfully Pass
fields are valid or not. inputs only

To check whether the Pages should load in proper

Unsuccessfull Fail
project are in flow. way as they are clicked

To check whether the Pages should load in proper

Run succesfully Pass
project are in flow. way as they are clicked

To check whether the

No content should be
project content are hidden Unsuccessfull Fail
hidden
due to overflow

To check whether the

No content should be
project content are hidden Run successfully Pass
hidden
due to overflow

To check css properties

All properties should be in
whether in standard form or Unsuccessfull Fail
order accordingly
not

To check css properties

All properties should be in
whether in standard form or Run successfully Pass
order accordingly
not

Page Switching one above One page should be display

Worked successfully Pass
other above other

Used Custom Library for All fonts should be in order Worked successfully Pass

28
fonts

Table no. 1.5

28
 Chapter 6: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
ENHANCEMENT

Conclusion

After identifying the project background, objectives,scope justification and expected

output,it reveals that the succesful implementation of this online bidding system will
result in a more effective way of carrying out the auctioning.

Limitations

 Auctioneer and bidder must meet each other physically for exchange of goods

 Finding suitable reverse auction software.

 Price is Often the Major Driving Force

Future Enhancements

 As a part of future enhancement, a module for Services to people can be

added to system.
 Several payments option
 Other changes can be made according to People’s requirements.

REFERENCES

Clearwater, S.H., Xerox Corp, 2010. Auction-based control system for energy

resource management in a building. U.S. Patent 5,394,324.

28
Dutta, R. and Ramamoorthy, K., International Business Machines Corp,
2009. User rating system for online auctions. U.S. Patent 7,552,081.

Fageha, M. and Aibinu, A. 2013. Managing Project Scope Definition to

Improve Stakeholders’ Participation and Enhance Project
Outcome. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 74, pp.154-164.

Gemino, A. and Parker, D. 2009. Use Case Diagrams in Support of Use Case
Modeling. Journal of Database Management, 20(1), pp.1-24.

Kamau, C.,2015. Efficacy of Monitoring and Evaluation Function in Achieving

Project Success in Kenya: A Conceptual Framework. Science Journal of
Business and Management, 3(3), p.82.

Konia, B.S., MARKET MY SITE Inc, 2007. Online auction bid management

system and method. U.S. Patent 7,225,151.

Rotman, G., Rotman, R. and Martin, J., Paid Inc, 2008. Method and system for
improved online auction. U.S. Patent 7,324,968.

Shavit, E. and Teichner, L., STRATEGIC PROCESSING CORP, 2011. Interactive

market management system. U.S. Patent 4,799,156.

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 APPENDICES

Output

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