.

1. Define the term moments.

2. State the principle of moments.

3. Define the term moment of a force.

4. Name four activities which produce a turning effect

5. Why is it very difficult to open a door from a point too close to hinges?

6. Explain why it is difficult to steer a bicycle by gripping the centre of the

handlebars. (2mks)

7. A load of 900N is placed 3m from a pivot. Calculate the moment due to the
load.

8. A girl of mass 60kg sits 4m from a pivot. Calculate the moment due to the
girl.

9. Calculate the moment due to the force F below.

10. A uniform meter rule pivoted at its centre is balanced by a force of 100N at
20cm and another force of F at the 75cm mark.

(i) Calculate the force F.

(ii) What is the reaction at the pivot?

11. Three forces are applied on a meter-ruler as shown.

(i) Calculate the force F.

(ii) What is the reaction at the pivot?

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12. The figure below shows three forces applied on a uniform metal rod of length
20m.

Calculate the position X where the force of 240N is placed.

13. The figure below shows a meter rule balanced by four forces at its centre.

(i) Determine the weight W.

(ii) What is the reaction at the pivot?

14. The figure below shows a uniform balanced by four forces at its centre.
Determine the value of force F.

15. A uniform wooden plank of length 50m is pivoted at its centre and balanced
by a force of 150N at 15m mark and another force of 60N on the other side
at a distance D from the pivot.

Determine the distance D

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16. The diagram in figure represents a system in equilibrium.

Determine the force, F needed to keep the system in equilibrium.

17. The figure below shows a uniform metal rod balanced at the centre by
different forces.

Determine the value of T. (3mk)

18. A uniform meter ruler is suspended vertically form a pivot at the 0cm mark
and maintained vertically by three horizontal forces acting at the 10cm
60cm and 80cm as shown below. Calculate the force F acting at the 80cm
mark.

19. Figure below shows a uniform rod AB of negligible weight pivoted at A.

If the system is in equilibrium, determine the weight W shown in the diagram.

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20. The figure below shows a uniform ruler balanced at the centre due to action
of some forces as shown. A is a magnet of weight 30N and B is a
permanent magnet fixed on to the bench.

(i) Determine the force between A and B.

(ii) State the nature of the magnetic force between A and B.

21. The figure below shows a uniform light rod balanced due to action of two
forces shows. G is a magnet of weight 3N and H is a permanent magnet
fixed on to the bench.

(i) Determine the force between G and H.

(ii) State the nature of the magnetic force between G and H

22. Figure shows a hydraulic press system using a lever of negligible mass on
the side of a small piston pivoted at point P. A force of 120N is applied at R.

(i) Calculate the force F exerted by small piston on the liquid.

(ii) Find the weight of the Bale supported by the large piston.

23. The figure below shows two equal and opposite forces acting on a meter at
the 15cm mark and 75cm marks respectively. If each of the forces has a
magnitude of 80N, calculate the moment on the meter rule about 35cm
mark.

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24. The figure below shows two equal and opposite forces acting on a meter at
the 22cm mark and 67cm marks respectively. If each of the forces has a
magnitude of 60N, calculate the moment on the meter rule about 35cm
mark.

25. A uniform meter rule is pivoted at the 30cm mark by a force of 16N placed
at the 0cm mark.

Calculate the weight of the meter rule.

26. The figure below shows a meter rule in equilibrium.

(iii) Calculate the weight of the meter rule.

(iv) What is the reaction at the pivot?

27. The figure below shows a uniform meter rule of weight 1N with two weights
of weight 0.18N and 0.12N suspend from its ends.

Determine how far from the 0.18 N weight a pivot should be placed in order
to balance meter rule. (3mk)

28. A metre rule whose centre of gravity is at the 50cm mark balances at the
35cm mark when a mass of 500g is placed at the 26cm mark as shown the
below

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 Determine the mass of the metre rule.

29. The figure below shows a uniform wooden plank of length 80m and weight
40N balanced at the 30m mark as shown. Determine the reading at position
X where the 60N weight is placed.

30. The figure below shows a uniform metal rod of length 20m and weight 25N
in equilibrium.

Calculate the force F.

31. The figure below shows a meter rule balanced by four forces at its centre.

Determine the weight W of the ruler

32. The figure below shows a meter rule balanced by four forces of 80N, 150N,
120N, and 50N. Determine the weight of the ruler.

33. The figure below shows a uniform metal bar of length 50m in a balanced
condition. Determine the weight of the bar.

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34. Figure below shows a uniform rod AB of weight 20N pivoted at A.

If the system is in equilibrium, determine the weight W shown.

35. The figure below shows a uniform half meter rule of weight 24N balanced at
the 15cm mark. K is a magnet of weight 60N and M is a permanent
magnet fixed on to the bench.

(iii) Determine the force between magnets K and M.

(iv) State the nature of the magnetic force between K and M.

36. Fig shows a system in equilibrium with the horizontal rate.

AB is a uniform rule of length 1.0m and weight 20N. Calculate the

(i) Weight of block X
(ii) Tension in the string PQ.

37. A uniform metallic bar of length 100cm and mass 40kg is supported
horizontally by two vertical spring balances A and B as shown below.

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 Balance A is 20cm from one end while balance B is 30cm from the other
end. Find the reading of each individual balance.

38. The figure below shows a uniform plank of weight 20N and length 6m
balanced by a 0.5kg mass at a distance X from the pivot point O.

Determine the value of X

39. A uniform plunk of wood weighing 50N and of length 5m is suspended by

two ropes, A and B. A is at 2m from one end while B is at 1.5m from the
other end as shown below. A concrete block of weight 100N is suspended
from the centre of the plunk

Calculate the tension on the string A

40. The figure shows a uniform half metre rod that is balanced over a pivot
using a block of weight 2N and a spring

Given that the tension in the spring is 9N, determine the weight of the rod.

41. Figure shows a uniform bar of length 1.0 m pivoted near one end. The bar
is kept in equilibrium by a spring balance as shown:

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Given that the reading of the spring balance is 0.6 N, determine the reaction force
at the pivot.

42. The figure below shows a uniform meter rule of weight 2N kept at
equilibrium by a vertical spring balance hung at 20cm mark. A weight of 3N
is hung at 100cm mark and the other end pivoted by a hinge at 0 cm as
shown.

Calculate the reading of the spring balance.

43. The figure below shows a uniform metre rule which is pivoted at 30.0cm
mark. The spring balance is fastened at the 100cm mark and it is at
equilibrium when the spring balance records 1.2N. Determine the weight of
the metre rule.

44. The figure below shows a uniform meter rule balanced at the 30cm mark by
the forces shown. Determine the weight of the meter rule. (4mk)

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45. The figure below shows a meter rule balanced by four forces at its centre.
Determine the value of force F. (4mk)

46. The figure shows a regular solid cone in equilibrium

Determine the weight of the cone.

47. Figure 2 show a solid cone which has a uniform density in equilibrium

Determine the weight of the cone (3mk)

48. The figure below shows force F1 and F2 acting on a metre rule such that it is
in equilibrium.

Mark on the figure a third force F3 acting on the rule such that the equilibrium is
maintained.

49. The figure below shows a uniform metre rule of weight 1.0N suspended
from spring balances. A load is attached to the extreme right hand end C.
The spring balance attached to the extreme left hand end of the rule (A)
reads 0.25N. The spring balance attached at B a distance X from the right
hand end reads 1.25N.

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 (i) Calculate the weight of load L (2mks)

(ii) Determine the value of distance X by taking moments about A (3Mks)

50. The figure below shows a metal plate 2 m long, 1m wide and negligible
thickness. A horizontal force of 50 N applied at point ‘A’ Just makes the plate
tilt.

Calculate the weight of the plate. (3mk)

51. The figure below shows a wheel of mass 10kg and radius 1 m being pulled
by a boy against a step 0.4 m high. What force is just sufficient to turn the
wheel so that it will rise over the step

52. Figure shows a hydraulic press system using a lever of negligible mass on
the side of a small piston pivoted at point P. A force of 400N is applied at R.

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(i) Calculate the force F exerted by small piston on the liquid due to the lever.
(4mk)

(ii) Find the weight of the Bale supported by the large piston. (4mk)
(iii) State two properties of the liquid used as the brake fluid (2mk)

53. Figure shows a hydraulic press system using a lever of negligible mass on
the side of a small piston pivoted at point P. A force of 100N is applied at R.

(i) Calculate the force F exerted by small piston on the liquid.(2 mk)
(ii) Find the weight of the Bale supported by the large piston.(2 mk)

54. The figure shows a device for closing a steam outlet. The area of the piston
is 4.0 x 10-4m2 and the pressure of the steam in the boiler is 2.0 x
105Nm-2. Determine the weight W that will just hold the bar in the
horizontal position shown.

55. A see – saw of length 5m is pivoted at the centre. A student of mass 50kg
sits at one end and is balanced by another student of mass ‘m’ sitting at a
distance of 1m from the other end. Calculate the value of ‘m’

56. A mass of 100g is placed on a 20cm mark and a mass of 50g on a 40cm
mark of a uniform metre rule which is balanced at its centre. Where should a
further 100g mass be placed to balance the arrangement?

57. A meter rule of negligible weight is balanced by masses of 24N and 16N
suspended from its ends. Find the position of the pivot.

58. A half meter rule is balanced at the 15cm mark when a load of 1.2N is hung
at the zero mark. Calculate the weight of the half meter rule. (3mk)

59. Two men P and Q carried a uniform ladder 3.6 m long weighing 1200N. P
held the ladder from one end while Q supported the ladder at a point 0.4m
from the other end. Calculate the load supported by each man.

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60. A 20m uniform plank AB of mass 20Kg is put on a wedge such that it does
not balance horizontally. Three pupils of mass 50Kg, 35Kg and 30Kg sit on
the plank at a distance 3m, 7m and 18.5m respectively from A. How far
must the wedge be placed from A for the arrangement to balance
horizontally?
(3 mk)
61. A uniform half metre rule of mass 37.5g is freely pivoted at 10cm mark. At
what mark should a body of mass 75g be suspended for the system to
balance

62. A uniform metre rule is balanced at the 20cm mark when a load of 1.2N is
hung at the zero mark. Calculate the weight and mass of the metre rule.
(3mk)
63. A uniform metre rule pivoted at its 15cm mark is balanced by a 200g mass
suspended at the 5cm mark. Determine the weight of the metre rule.

64. A mass of 100g is placed on a 20cm mark and a mass of 50g on a 40cm
mark of a uniform metre rule which is balanced at its centre. Where should a
further 100g mass be placed to balance the arrangement? (3mk)

65. Two men P and Q carried a uniform ladder 3.6 m long weighing 1200N. P
held the ladder from one end while Q supported the ladder at a point 0.4m
from the other end.
(i) Sketch a diagram showing the forces acting on the ladder.
(ii) Calculate the load supported by each man.

66. A uniform half- metre rod is balanced by a weight of 38N at one end. If the
pivot is placed 10cm from the same end, calculate the weight of the rod.

67. With the metre rule remaining on the knife-edge at the 30 cm mark, a mass
of 125g is suspended from the 70 cm mark. The mass of 500g is moved until
the rule is balanced. Determine the new position of the 500g mass

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SCHEEM
Explain why it is difficult to steer a bicycle by gripping the centre of the
handlebars.

The turning effect (moments) will be smaller ; due to a shorter

perpendicular distance of the line of action. Of force applied from the
pivot;
The figure below shows a uniform metre rule of weight 1.0N suspended from spring
balances. A load is attached to the extreme right hand end C. The spring balance
attached to the extreme left hand end of the rule (A) reads 0.25N. The spring
balance attached at B a distance X from the right hand end reads 1.25N.

(i) Calculate the weight of load L (2mks)

Sum of downward forces = sum of upward forces
1.0 + L = 0.25 + 1.25 ;
L = 0.25 + 1.25 – 1.0
L = 0.5 N ;

(ii) Determine the value of distance X by taking moments about A (3Mks)

Taking moments about A

Sum of clockwise moments = sum of anti- clockwise
moments
clockwise moments = ( 0.5 x 1 + 1 x 0.5 ) ;
= 1 Nm
Anticlockwise moments = ( 1 – x ) 1.25 ;
= ( 1.25 - 1.25 x ) Nm

1 = 1.25 - 1.25 x ;

x= 0.25
1.25

∴ x = 0.2m ;

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