System Integrator and Matcher for Lost and Found in Korea

with Fuzzy Logic Engine

Widiartha, I.B.K.; Kabalisa R.; Sukmana, D.I.; Kim Y.

Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected], [email protected].

Abstract

When you lose something, especially if it's a valuable document, you'll go to great lengths to find
it. The search for misplaced items might take a long time and cost a lot of money. According to a poll done
in the United States in 2013, the damage caused by the loss of this item if it is convened amounts to $177
billion dollars. In 2018, the total loss in Finance UK was predicted to be £1.2 billion. Meanwhile, in Korea,
just 90 reports of lost and found on subway lines 1&2 each day.
Installation of RFID or BLE-based tags is one way to lessen the risk of loss, but there are still
distance restrictions. Other advancements include combining RFID with GPS to track where the products
are now situated. Because it requires an internet connection and GPS consumes a lot of power, the
technology is ideal for use on mobile devices but wasting energy. All this solution can be done before the
item lost. What if the item has already been misplaced?
Foreigners who have lost their belongings in South Korea might get help via a website in the
country. At a cost of KRW 800 per minute, assistance is provided through communicating with the lost
and found agency to report or claim the lost item.
In this study, a novel solution is proposed, namely the integration of Korea's lost and found system
with a matching system facility, such that if there is a match on the lost and found sides, the party who
lost the items will be notified that the products may have been discovered and must be met. taken at the
storage facility for the products
Keyword: Lost and found, integration, web service, matching system, notification.

1. Introduction

Losing items (essential documents, certifications, phones, tablets, computers, wallets, keys,
baggage, and jewelry) may be extremely stressful and unpleasant, and the amount of pain grows as a
person grows more attached to the lost object. Searching for missing objects, as well as reporting them
to the appropriate party (police), can be time-consuming and costly(Saleem Ahmad et al.,
2015).(Alnaghaimshi et al., 2020)
According to a poll conducted in the United States in 2013, around $177 billion is spent each year
looking for lost items. People spend roughly 30 minutes a week looking for misplaced belongings,
according to the study(Alnaghaimshi et al., 2020). According to UK Finance, UK fraud losses in 2018 totaled
over £1.2 billion. In 2018, lost and stolen cards accounted for 14% of total card fraud losses, according to
the business (Alnaghaimshi et al., 2020)
Many agencies in Korea handle lost and found items, including the Post Office, Subway Lines 1&2,
3&4, 5&6, 7&8, and 9, KTX, Airport, Taxi, and Lost 112 (https://english.visitseoul. net/essential-Info-
article/Lost-and-Found /12403). Every day, an average of 90 lost items are checked in Korea's Lost and
Found Center, which handles lines one and two, and Chungmuro Station, which handles lines three and
four. Only 72 percent of the things were claimed by their owners, totaling 23,795 items.(Bae Ji-sook, 2021)
Handbags were the most popular item, accounting for 23% of all registrations, followed by
electronic devices like cellphones and MP3 players, which accounted for 17%. In 2020, some travelers lost
as much as 172 million won.
You can image how terrible and panic-inducing it is to lose something in a strange country where
you don't know the language. Seeing an opportunity, a website offers services to assist in the recovery of
lost items for 800 won each minute(Wonderful, 2020). This service helps policemen and persons who have
misplaced their belongings communicate more effectively.
On the one hand, many agencies that deal with lost and found make it easier by narrowing the
search region, increasing the chances of locating it. However, if the location of the disappearance is
unknown, it can be difficult to locate the lost item. For example, if a person travels by subway and taxi, he
should check the subway's lost and found system as well as the taxi's. If he travels by subway lines 2 and
4, he should check the subway's lost and found Line 1&2 and Line 2&4 system as well as the taxi's. Of
course, reporting the loss of an item, which also involves losing money, is a waste of time.

2. Recover lost items

The most common method for relocating lost items is to recall the sequence of events from the
beginning of the voyage until the item is discovered to be missing. You can also conduct a targeted search
if the item is likely to be misplaced. Finding objects outside, on the other hand, will be significantly more
difficult due to various considerations such as the potential of flying or getting unintentionally kicked by
someone.
Many locator technologies have been created based on studies on lost goods, such as locators
based on RFID (Radio frequency identification) (Nakada et al., 2005), (Komatsuzaki, Tsukada, & Siio, 2011),
(Komatsuzaki, Tsukada, Siio, et al., 2011) and Bluetooth low energy (BLE) tags, to make it easier to find
lost goods. This tag can be attached to goods to make it simpler to locate them if they go lost. Both of
these technologies have a narrow range and are only useful while the goods are stationary.
The use of GPS and/or its conjunction with RFID is another technology that has been developed.
These are typically put on mobile devices to track the presence of mobile devices with high precision over
a 1.5-meter range(Chen, 2021). However, there are certain drawbacks to this technology, such as the need
to be linked to the internet and the waste battery of a battery.
In South Korea, lost and found items are handled by a variety of institutions, making it difficult to
locate the institution where the items were discovered. In this study, a system was designed to integrate
the existing system and add a matching machine, removing the need for people to search for lost items
and instead allowing the system to contact the person concerned when it locates them.

3. Basic theory
a. Web services
The term "Web service" refers to a standardized method of integrating Web-based applications
across an Internet Protocol backbone using the open standards XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI. SOAP is used
to transfer the data, WSDL is used to describe the services available, and UDDI is used to list what services
are available. XML is the data format used to contain the data and provide metadata around it, SOAP is
used to transfer the data, WSDL is used to describe the services available, and UDDI is used to list what
services are available. A Web service is a network-based way of communication between two electronic
devices. It's a software function delivered through the Internet at a network address, with the service
always available, like in the utility computing notion.
For management, many businesses utilize a variety of software platforms. [requires citation]
Different software systems frequently need to communicate data, and a Web service is a communication
method that allows two software systems to do so over the Internet. A service requester is a software
system that seeks data, whereas a service provider is a software system that processes the request and
provides the data. Because different software uses different programming languages, there is a need for
a data exchange technique that is not dependent on a certain programming language. XML tags, on the
other hand, can be interpreted by almost any sort of program.
b. Fuzzy Logic
Fuzzy logic is a type of many-valued logic in which the truth value of variables can be any real
integer between 0 and 1 inclusively. It's used to deal with the concept of partial truth, where the truth
value can be somewhere between true and false. 1st The truth values of variables in Boolean logic, on the
other hand, can only be the integer values 0 or 1.(Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2017)
Lotfi Zadeh proposed fuzzy set theory in 1965, which gave rise to the name fuzzy logic(Stanford
Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2017), (Zadeh, 1965). However, fuzzy logic had been investigated as infinite-
valued logic since the 1920s, especially by Ukasiewicz and Tarski(Pelletier, 2000). The concept of fuzzy
logic is founded on the observation that individuals make decisions based on inexact and non-numerical
data. Fuzzy models or sets are mathematical representations of ambiguity and imprecise data (hence the
term fuzzy). These models are capable of recognizing, representing, manipulating, analyzing, and utilizing
ambiguous and uncertain facts and information.
While variables in mathematics normally take numerical values, non-numeric values are
frequently utilized in fuzzy logic applications to make the representation of rules and facts easier. A
linguistic variable like age can take on values like young and its antonym elderly. Because natural
languages do not always have enough value phrases to convey a fuzzy value scale, adjectives and adverbs
are commonly used to modify linguistic values. For example, we can construct the additional values rather
old or somewhat young using the hedges rather and somewhat. Mathematical input values can be
mapped into fuzzy membership functions using fuzzification processes. Defuzzifying operations on the
other hand can be used to convert a fuzzy output membership function into a "crisp" output value that
can then be used for decision or control.

4. Proposed Work
a. Purpose
The goal is to combine the present system with collect data in temporary database and add it a
matching system to make it easier for the user to locate lost items.
b. Integrating and Matching System
At this point, there is no matching system between lost and found things; instead, the system just
provides tools to query both lost and found objects. This means that unless the items are manually
compared, the existence of a match between the lost and found items will be unknown.

In this study, it is recommended to use a web service to integrate the present system, so that on the
one hand, the system continues to run as before, and on the other hand, there is a system that integrates
data from disparate systems, making it easier to search for lost objects in the entire database.

New Platform Matching

System

Figure 1. System Integrator

Figure 1 shows how all databases that deal with lost and found things are linked together via a web
service to make searching for lost or found items easier. This database is linked to a new platform that
allows users to register lost and found items. The system also includes a matching mechanism, which
allows the system to notify the person who reported the missing item if there are items that match the
lost and found items. In this study, the methodology for authenticating the user/recipient of products is
not mentioned.

The system integrator in this system requests data from each database to be combined into a single
temporary database. The rest pool webservice uses connections from each database with read-only
access. It will be easier for the system to find data in all existing databases once the data in the temporary
database has become 1. On a temporary database, a search is sufficient; there is no need to search for
data throughout the database because the data is already in sync. Furthermore, the matching system
works by comparing lost and recovered data, and if a match is found, the system can immediately notify
registered users that the products may be recovered, and transport the products to the agency where
they are stored.

2.0

1.0
6.0

3.0

4.0

5.0
7.0

Figure 2. System's Overview Diagram

Figure 2 shows how a person can login (sign in) if they already have an account or sign up (register)
if they don't. To ensure that the user is not a fake, the system will send a verification code to the registered
email address, which must be re-entered into the system.

After successfully login in, the user can report lost items (3.0), register goods found (4.0), and conduct
a manual search (5) to locate missing objects. The Synchronization process (6.0), which is in responsible
of syncing existing data dispersed across several agencies, is one of two processes that cannot be accessed
directly by the user.

Because there are fuzzy variables in this system, such as position and time, the matching system is
the most significant aspect. In this study, fuzzy logic is utilized as an engine to match the lost and found.
The distance between the estimated lost item and the discovered item, as well as the time when the lost
and found things were found, are processed using fuzzy logic. Color also made only the mind color in this
study to diminish subjective sense of color.
 Start Stop

Input:
List of Item
Type, color,
Suggestion
location, time

N Conclusion
If Type ==
Defuzzification
Match?
Inferences
Defuzzification
Y

Y
If Color ==
Match?

Figure 3. General Flowchart System

In general, the system is depicted in Figure 3 as a flowchart. During registration, the user will specify
the type of goods (for example, if he loses one wallet carrying a variety of cards, he must list all of the
cards, wallets, and money in the wallet). In addition, the user must enter a location based on GPS
coordinates (can use Navar map or google map). If the type matches, a color check will be performed; if
it is appropriate, the fuzzy matching system will be entered, which will begin with the defuzzification of
location and time data, followed by inference using the predefined rule set. To come to a conclusion, the
inference results are turned back to firm numbers. Items with a match rate of greater than 60% are
considered appropriate. They're also on the list of suggestions.

As illustrated in Figure 4, the Matlab tool is used to generate a membership set for each fuzzy
variable in order to develop a fuzzy query-based system.

A fuzzy matching system is constructed using Matlab and two fuzzy location and time variables,
each with three membership groups. The matching procedure yields one output, namely a match with
three membership sets. Defuzzification utilizes a centroid, and inference utilizes a rule based on the
Mamdani model (min max aggregation). Figure 5 depicts the outcomes of inference based on nine rules
 Figure 4. Fuzzy based Matching system

Figure 5 depicts the inference process, in which the location is 32.5 and the time is 0.5, and the
output (defuzzification results worth 0.369, indicating that they do not match) is obtained by applying
nine rules. This research is still using dummy data because it lacks genuine data, hence the results
cannot reflect the actual conditions in the field.

Figure 5. Fuzzy Inference system

5. Conclusion

Because there are numerous variables in the real world that have high subjectivity depending on
one's view, the fuzzy system functions according to human logic and perception, by fuzzification of the
variables that are operated. Fuzzy logic is the best method for overcoming this. The fuzzy based matching
system is suspected to be able to match lost and found by applying certain rules based, but because the
data used is still using dummy data, it cannot reflect the actual condition.
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