Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]

IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

Reactive Power Control and Harmonic Mitigation by

using DSTATCOM with Different Controllers
K.Swetha V.Sivachidambaranathan
Research Scholar, Department of EEE, Professor & Head, Dept. of EEE
Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
Chennai, India. Chennai, India.
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract — This paper explains about DSTATCOM c) Reduce harmonic currents which are caused by non
related reactive power compensation using linear loads.
SOSMC(second order sliding mode controller) d) Co ordinates the bus voltage under sag/swell
control technique to enhance the power quality. conditions
Reactive power compensation is required in e) Compensation of reactive power is also possible.
distribution systems because in order to overcome
problems related to sudden change in non linear
loads. DSTATCOM plays extensive role in power
systems, it is a shunt connected device placed at pcc
with this device have more advantages like
compensation of reactive power, reduce the
harmonics at point of common coupling and grid
side. In this Paper having detailed explanation about
controller and for different sudden changing loads
the performance of system is calculated based on
reactive power compensation These values of
compensated reactive powers are compared with
other controller like proportional integral controller
The analysis is proved using MATLAB/Simulink
and simpower systems toolbox.

Keywords- Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM), Fig.1 DSTATCOM circuit diagram.

LCL filters, PI controller, SOSMC
In this paper main focus is on compensation of reactive
power and harmonics under sudden changes in loads,
I. INTRODUCTION
In distribution systems power quality is major Controller plays major role to control the device.
problem, Day by day power quality problems are Device performance mainly depends upon the control
becoming more and more due to usage of more non technique used to control the device, with this control
linear loads like UPS, Switched mode power supplies technique only capability of generation or absorption of
and power electronics related devices. These devices
reactive power is possible. [3]Device is combination of
are main reason to create distortions in supply voltages
and currents that leads to decrease the power voltage source inverter and inverter is having input of
quality[1]..To intensify the power quality can be done Dc capacitor, the output of inverter is connected to
by using DSTATCOM or distribution static inductor, through this element device is connected to
compensator. This device is used to maintain bus point of common coupling [4].
voltage at desired levels. It is combination of power
electronic devices along with voltage source inverter
circuit connected in shunt with pcc used to increase VSC It’s having capability like generating and
power quality [2]. absorbing reactive power.
Device is having more advantages like
1) Output of VSC=AC terminal voltage, No possibility
a) Monitoring of current injection at bus.
b) It cancels the consequences related to poor load of injection or absorption of reactive power.
power factor.

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

2) Output of VSC>AC terminal voltage, device will  

works like capacitive mode. sin  t 
 vsr   
3) Output of VSC<AC terminal voltage, device will  vsy   2Vs sin( t- 2  )  (4)
works like inductive mode.   3  3 
 vsb   2 
II. MATHEMATICAL MODELLNG OF DSTATCOM sin( t+ )
 3 
Device line diagram is shown in fig, it is
having DC link capacitor along with IGBT based VSI, The output voltages of inverter voltages and currents
one filter is connected to decrease the harmonics which can be expressed as
are present in Voltage source inverter at the point of
common coupling .connected in between VSI and PCC
dir
Rf ir+Lf = Vsr-Vcr
[5]. dt
(5)
dib
Rf ib+Lf = Vsb-Vcb
dt (6)

diy
Rf iy+Lf = Vsy-Vcy (7)
dt

ir   Rf/Lf 0 0  ir   Vsr-Vcr 

d       1 
 iy  = 0 -Rf/Lf 0   iy  +  Vsy-Vcy 
dt Lf
ib  0 0 -Rf/Lf  ib   Vsb-Vcb 
Fig.2 Line diagram of DSTATCOM (8)

At pcc, Instantaneous values of voltages are These will explains the differential equations of the
RYB reference frame. Synchronous reference frame
2 theory of transformation is used to control the injected
vsr= Vs sin t (1) currents from the voltage source inverter[6],, by using
3 The Park’s transformation these parameters are
converted into dq0 reference frame [7]. For balanced
2 2 system only qd will exist. These can represent by
vsy= Vs sin( t- ) (2)
Equations
3 3
did
2 2 Rfid+Lf = Vsd-m Vdccos +Lf iq
vsb= Vs sin( t+ ) (3) dt
3 3 (9)

Matrix form [3, 4] of three phase voltages are expressed diq

in Equation Rfiq+Lf = Vsq+m Vdcsin -Lf id
dt
(10)

d id   Rf/Lf   id  1  Vsd-Vcd 

= +
dt iq   - -Rf/Lf  iq  Lf Vsq+Vcq 
  
(11)

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

Voltage harmonics are neglected for bellow equations

Vcd=m Vdc cos (12)

Vcq=m Vdc sin (13)

Based on power balanced theory terminal instantaneous

powers at Ac and DC equal [8].
Fig.3 simulation circuit of PI controller

3
 Vcd Id+Vcq Iq 
IV. SECOND ORDER SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER
Vdc Idc=
2
(14)
One of the robust non linear control technique is
3 dVdc Second order Sliding mode control (SOSMC),it is used
Idc= m  Id cos +Iq sin  = C to overcome draw backs in first order sliding mode
2 dt controller. [9]This is having advantages like better
(15) accuracy, robustness, tuning is easy and implementation
is also don’t have any complications.
State space mathematical model of device can be
written as Equation [6] Principle of working of [10] SoSMC is explained
bellow ,
 id   id   vsd 
d    1   where  EQ denotes the equivalent part of the
 iq  =A  iq   0  SoSMC.
dt    Vdc  Lf 0 
 Vdc        EQ  A  dis
(16)
where EQ represents the SoSMC part of
III. PROPORTIONAL INTEGRAL CONTROLLER
equivalent.  
 f s sign  ^ represents the system’s
To maintain the output voltages and currents at any
voltage, sign indication of the signum function.
disturbance condition generally controllers are used. PI
controller especially used for control of constant  
EQ  A ..ES   A ..ES   f   A  .   f s sign  .  g cos 
magnitude under disturbance conditions at load side,
these are used to give proper triggering pulses to
voltage source inverter circuits. To generate these Here, dis indication of the controller
pulses PWM techniques are used, in this comparison discontinuous part.
between carrier wave with reference wave are done.
Hear magnitude of carrier wave is greater than the The Super-twisting approach is
magnitude of reference wave those durations pulse will t
dis   1  sign(SU )dt   2 SU
0.5
generate. Efficiency of converter having high switching sign(SU )
frequency can improve by PI controller. Here angles 0
will generate to trigger the devices, based on the
difference between reference value and error values. Where,
While generation error signal has to compensate to
zero.

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

 d  ES
 SU   e  e  e1 ; i  1, 2,3 with :  Simulation circuit is having supply system along with
  e   ES   line impedance and resistances .At point of coupling
 0 DSTATCOM device is connected parallel at point of

 2   0, common coupling after that nonlinear load is connected,
 Im having load parameters of resistance inductance and
 2 0  2 I m 0 capacitances. Here firing pulses from controller
 1  4 2   0 (required conditions)
 I m  2 mU  0 indicated in red colour and from controller output is
given to PWM, then from PWM technique pulses will
generate to turn on the inverter circuit.
V. SIMULATION CIRCUIT OF DSTATCOM

Fig.4 simulation circuit of DSTATCOM along with controller blocks

VI. SIMULATION RESULTS OF PI & SOSMC CONTROLLER

The proposed control technique for

DSTATCOM is modeled in MATLAB / Simulink . The
performance of the control technique is studied for
changing loads& compensation of source current,
harmonic compensation [11] , and Reactive Power
Compensation is discussed.

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

Fig.5. Voltage and current waveforms by sing PI controller current is

having more harmonics at 100% load.

Fig7.current harmonics of three phase supply THD having 6.4 by

using PI controller at 100%load

Fig.6 Voltage and current waveforms by sing SOSMC controller

current is having less harmonics at 100% load

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

ACTIVE AND REACTIVE POWERS FOR TWO DIFFERENT

LOADS BY USING PI, SOSMC CONTROLLERS:-

Fig10.Active and reactive powers by using PI controllers at 100%

load
Fig.8.current harmonics of three phase supply THD having 0.84 by
using SOSMC controller 100% load.

Load Parameters:

S.NO 100% of load 200% of load

R 20 40
L 0.1mh 0.2mh
C 500UF 1000UF

Comparison between Proportional integral

controller and Second order sliding mode controllers
are explained above out of both PI having more THDs
Fig11.Active and reactive powers by using PI controllers at 200%
in source currents 6.4 and with SOSMC having 0.84.In load
source current fluctuations are more in PI controller by
using SOSMC those are reduced. Distortions in active
and reactive powers are reduced by using SOSMC.
Experiment conducted for different load changes.

The output compensated source current THD’S for

three phases are tabulated bellow:-

100% of load 200% of load

PI SOSMC PI SOSMC
6.47 0.85 9.18 0.47
6.43 0.84 9.34 0.45
6.45 0.85 9.25 0.47

Fig12.Active and reactive powers by using SOSMC controllers100%

load.

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 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology [ICECA 2019]
IEEE Conference Record # 45616; IEEE Xplore ISBN: 978-1-7281-0167-5

using SRF Theory for Renewable Source”, Indian Journal of

Science and Technology (ISSN 0974-6846), Vol 8 (21), 71562,
September 2015, pp 1-7.
[5] Adepu Sateesh Kumar, K.Prakash, “Analysis of Split Capacitor
Based DSTATCOM with LCL Filter Using Instantaneous
Symmetrical Components Theory” With an ISBN Number: 978-
1-4673-9745-2, PP No: 103-108, ©2016 IEEE explore (Ref. no. -
37745) 2nd IEEE International Conference (AEEICB-2016) .
[6] Kavitha.M and Sivachidambaranathan.V (2018), ”Comparison of
Different Control Techniques for Interleaved DC-DC Converter”,
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System
(IJPEDS) (ISSN 2088-8694) – Vol. 9, No. 2, June 2018, pp.
641~647.
[7] Nishant Kumar, Bhim Singh presented paper on Normal
Harmonic Search Algorithm Based MPPT for Solar PV System
and Integrated with Grid using Reduced Sensor Approach and
PNKLMS Algorithm having DOI 10.1109/TIA.2018.2853744,
Fig13.Active and reactive powers by using SOSMC controllers200% IEEE Transactions
load. [8] 2012Colin Tareila, Pedram Sotoodeh, and Ruth Douglas Miller
presented Design and Control of a Single-Phase D-STATCOM
OVERALL PERFORMANCE OF PROPOSED MODEL OVER Inverter for Wind applications in 978-1-4673-1130-4/12/$31.00
CONVENTIONAL METHODS:- ©2012 IEEE.
[9] Heythem Hamlaoui, B. Francois. "Interest of storage based
Load-100 Load-200 STATCOM systems to the power quality enhancement of
thyristors based LCC HVDC links for offshore wind farm", 2018
Conventional 14976 15023 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT),
1 2018
Conventional 7.6911e-05 6.8692e-05 [10] Donya Nojavanzadeh, Mohammad Ali Badamchizadeh proposed
2 paper on Adaptive Fractional-order Non-singular Fast Terminal
Sliding Mode Control for Robot Manipulators paper for IET
Control Theory & Applications ISSN 1751-8644, Online
ISSN 1751-8652, DOI: 10.1049/iet-cta.2015.1218
VII. CONCLUSION [11] Satyanarayana,Ganesh proposed “Cascaded 5-level inverter type
In this paper explains PI controller and DSTATCOM for power quality Improvement” NSPEC Accession
SOSMC controller. SOSMC is having more advantages Number: 11308476DOI: 10.1109/TECHSYM.2010.5469168in
IEEE.
.By using these, reactive power compensation can
improved along with reduced %THD vales of source
currents can achieved. Compensated reactive power
99.9%better then the PI controller, %THD values also
decreased by using SOSMC controller these are below
5% so these are meeting the IEEE 519 standards. By
using these controllers power quality can enhance.

References

[1] K.Swetha, V.Sivachidambaranathan” A Review On Different

Control techniques Using DSTTATCOM for Distribution system
studies” published in IJPEDS vol.10,No.2,June2019
,ISSN:2088-8694,DOI:10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i2.813-821.
[2] M. Gerald Geafori Titus “Reactive power compensation using
STATCOM for single phase distribution system “INSPEC
Accession
Number: 15304484,DOI: 10.1109/ICCPCT.2015.7159530.
[3] Bhattacharya Sourabh “Applications of DSTATCOM Using
MATLAB/Simulation in Power System ”article from researches
gate.
[4] M.Preeti Pauline Mary and V.Sivachidambaranathan (2015),
“Enhancement of Active Power Filter Operational Performance

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