Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

Problems
9.1 Determine the hoop and longitudinal stresses set up in a thin boiler shell of circular cross-
section, 5 m long and of 1.3 m internal diameter when the internal pressure reaches a value of
2.4 bar (240 kN/m2). What will then be its change in diameter? The wall thickness of the
boiler is 25 mm. E = 210 GN/m2, v = 0.3. [6.24, 3.12 MN/m2; 0.033 mm]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.2 Determine the change in volume of a thin cylinder of original volume 65.5 × 10-3 m3 and
length 1.3 m if its wall thickness is 6 mm and the internal pressure 14 bar (1.4 MN/ m2). For
the cylinder material E = 210 GN/ m2, v = 0.3. [17.5 × 10-6 m3]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.3 What must be the wall thickness of a thin spherical vessel of diameter 1 m if it is to
withstand an internal pressure of 70 bar (7 MN/m2) and the hoop stresses are limited to 270
MN/m2? [12.96 mm]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.4 A steel cylinder 1 m long, of 150 mm internal diameter and plate thickness 5 mm, is
subjected to an internal pressure of 70 bar (7 MN/m2), the increase in volume owing to the
pressure is 16.8 × 10-6 m3. Find the values of Poisson's ratio and the modulus of rigidity.
Assume E = 210 GN/m2. [0.299; 80.8 GN/m2]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.5 Define bulk modulus K, and show that the decrease in volume of a fluid under pressure p
is pV/K. Hence derive a formula to find the extra fluid which must be pumped into a thin
cylinder to raise its pressure by an amount p.
How much fluid is required to raise the pressure in a thin cylinder of length 3 m, internal
diameter 0.7 m, and wall thickness 12 mm by 0.7 bar (70 kN/ m2)? E = 210 GN/m2 and v =
0.3 for the material of the cylinder and K = 2.1 GN/m2 for the fluid. [5.981 × 10-3 m3]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.6 A spherical vessel of 1.7 m diameter is made from 12 mm thick plate, and it is to be
subjectd to a hydraulic test. Determine the additional volume of water which it is necessary
to pump into the vessel, when the vessel is initially just filled with water, in order to raise the
pressure to the proof pressure of 116 bar (11.6 MN/ m2). The bulk modulus of water is 2.9
GN/m2. For the material of the vessel, E = 200 GN/m2, v = 0.3. [26.14 × 10-3 m3]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.7 A thin-walled steel cylinder is subjected to an internal fluid pressure of 21 bar (2.1
MN/m2). The boiler is of 1 m inside diameter and 3 m long and has a wall thickness of 33
mm. Calculate the hoop and longitudinal stresses present in the cylinder and determine what
torque may be applied to the cylinder if the principal stress is limited to 150 MN/m2.
[35, 17.5 MN/m2; 6 MN.m]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.8 A thin cylinder of 300 mm internal diameter and 12 mm thickness is subjected to an

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.9 A brass pipe has an internal diameter of 400 mm and a metal thickness of 6 mm. A single
layer of high tensile wire of diameter 3 mm is wound closely round it at a tension of 500 N.
Find: (a) the stress in the pipe when there is no internal pressure; (b) the maximum permissible
internal pressure in the pipe if the working tensile stress in the brass is 60 MN/m2; (c) the
stress in the steel wire under condition (b). Treat the pipe as a thin cylinder and neglect
longitudinal stresses and strains. ES = 200 GN/m2 ;EB = 100 GN/m2.
[27.8, 3.04 MN/m2; 104.8 MN/m2]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.10 A cylindrical vessel of 1 m diameter and 3 m long is made of steel 12 mm thick and filled
with water at 16°C. The temperature is then raised to 50°C. Find the stresses induced in the
material of the vessel given that over this range of temperature water increases 0.006 per unit
volume. (Bulk modulus of water = 2.9 GN/m2; ESteel = 210 GN/m2 and v = 0.3). Neglect the
expansion of the steel owing to temperature rise. [663, 331.5 MN/m2]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.11 A 3 m long aluminum-alloy tube, of 150 mm outside diameter and 5 mm wall thickness,
is closely wound with a single layer of 2.5 mm diameter steel wire at a tension of 400 N. It is
then subjected to an internal pressure of 70 bar (7 MN/m2).
(a) Find the stress in the tube before the pressure is applied.
(b) Find the final stress in the tube.
EA = 70 GN/m2; vA= 0.28; ES = 200 GN/m2. [ - 32, 20.5 MN/m2]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.12 (a) Derive the equations for the circumferential and longitudinal stresses in a thin
cylindrical shell.
(b) A thin cylinder of 300 mm internal diameter, 3 m long and made from 3 mm thick metal,
has its ends blanked off. Working from first principles, except that you may use the equations
derived above, find the change in capacity of this cylinder when an internal fluid pressure of
20 bar is applied. E = 200 GN/m2; v = 0.3. [201 × 10-6 m3]

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Problems of CH-9 Mechanics of Materials Thin Cylinders and Shells

9.13 Show that the tensile hoop stress set up in a thin rotating ring or cylinder is given by:
𝝈 𝑯 = 𝝆 𝝎 𝟐 𝒓𝟐
Hence determine the maximum angular velocity at which the disc can be rotated if the hoop
stress is limited to 20 MN/m2. The ring has a mean diameter of 260 mm. [3800 rev/min]

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