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Levels of Abstraction For DBMS: Data Abstraction Is A Process of Hiding Unwanted or Irrelevant Details From The End

Data abstraction hides irrelevant details from users and provides different views of data to simplify access and enhance security. It includes multiple levels that reduce complexity for users by hiding details of the underlying data structures and relationships. The three main levels are the physical level, which defines how data is actually stored; the logical level, which describes what data is stored and the relationships between them; and the view level, which provides customized views of the data for different types of users.

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Pragya Tiwari
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95 views

Levels of Abstraction For DBMS: Data Abstraction Is A Process of Hiding Unwanted or Irrelevant Details From The End

Data abstraction hides irrelevant details from users and provides different views of data to simplify access and enhance security. It includes multiple levels that reduce complexity for users by hiding details of the underlying data structures and relationships. The three main levels are the physical level, which defines how data is actually stored; the logical level, which describes what data is stored and the relationships between them; and the view level, which provides customized views of the data for different types of users.

Uploaded by

Pragya Tiwari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Abstraction 

is a process of hiding unwanted or irrelevant details from the end


user. It provides a different view and helps in achieving data independence which is
used to enhance the security of data.
The database systems consist of complicated data structures and relations. For users to
access the data easily, these complications are kept hidden, and only the relevant part
of the database is made accessible to the users through data abstraction.

Levels of abstraction for DBMS


Database systems include complex data-structures. In terms of retrieval of data, reduce
complexity in terms of usability of users and in order to make the system efficient,
developers use levels of abstraction that hide irrelevant details from the users. Levels of
abstraction simplify database design.
Mainly there are three levels of abstraction for DBMS, which are as follows −

 Physical or Internal Level


 Logical or Conceptual Level
 View or External Level

Let us discuss each level in detail.

Physical or Internal Level


It is the lowest level of abstraction for DBMS which defines how the data is actually
stored, it defines data-structures to store data and access methods used by the
database. Actually, it is decided by developers or database application programmers
how to store the data in the database.
So, overall, the entire database is described in this level that is physical or internal
level. It is a very complex level to understand. For example, customer's information
is stored in tables and data is stored in the form of blocks of storage such as bytes,
gigabytes etc.

Logical or Conceptual Level


Logical level is the intermediate level or next higher level. It describes what data is
stored in the database and what relationship exists among those data. It tries to
describe the entire or whole data because it describes what tables to be created and
what are the links among those tables that are created.
It is less complex than the physical level. Logical level is used by developers or
database administrators (DBA). So, overall, the logical level contains tables (fields
and attributes) and relationships among table attributes.
View or External Level
It is the highest level. In view level, there are different levels of views and every view
only defines a part of the entire data. It also simplifies interaction with the user and it
provides many views or multiple views of the same database.
View level can be used by all users (all levels' users). This level is the least complex
and easy to understand.
For example, a user can interact with a system using GUI that is view level and can
enter details at GUI or screen and the user does not know how data is stored and
what data is stored, this detail is hidden from the user.

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