EXTRA PRACTICE

EXTRA PRACTICE 6
For questions 1-15, read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.
Modern tourism
Tourism has come in for a lot of criticism recently but has been unaffected by it and rightly so. One of the
most common faults found with it is that (1) _____ no longer broadens the mind. But why should it? (2) _____
the holidaymakers who choose to go on a (3) _____ tour know just what such a holiday (4) _____. This is what
appeals (5) _____ them so why shouldn’t they go on this type of holiday? Travel writers generally (6) _____
down on them because of their lack of adventure - ‘all they want is a room with a sea (7) _____!’. But what if
they don’t want broader minds? What if they choose these holiday (8) _____ because their minds can’t get any
broader?
Another frequent criticism levelled at tourism concerns the changes (9) _____ at holiday destinations: the (10)
_____ culture changes, (11) _____ is developed, (12) _____ roads are built and locals (13) _____ for their
guests. In other words, the tourist is provided (14) _____ a copy of the place he or she has just left plus service.
So why should there be any criticism? The world is changing rapidly and neither you nor I have the (15) _____
to stop it. Just sit back and enjoy the ride!

1 a. journey b. voyage c. travel d. expedition

2 a. Really b. Probably c. Certainly d. Surely
3 a. package b. guided c. parcel d. holiday
4 a. Involves b. forms c. consists d. holds
5 a. from b. with c. for d. to
6 a. see b. look c. let d. keep
7 a. sight b. vision c. scene d. view
8 a. resorts b. ports c. places d. shores
9 a. watched b. viewed c. observed d. glanced
10 a. tenants’ b. dwellers’ c. neighbours’ d. inhabitants’
11 a. land b. soil c. earth d. ground
12 a. principal b. significant c. main d. chief
13 a. carry out b. present c. celebrate d. perform
14 a. for b. by c. from d. with
15 a. ability b. qualification c. skill d. talent

For questions 16-30, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one
word in each space.
The other point of view
Very often a disagreement between two friends, neighbours or colleagues can lead to a permanent problem. In
order to avoid falling (16)out with a friend or having a bad relationship with a neighbour or workmate, it
(17) is always (18) an_ excellent idea to try to see the other person’s point of view.
If you take into consideration how someone (19) would__ thinks, your own thinking (20) will__ improve, so you
should write down the views your friend, neighbour or colleague is likely to have. Not only will their thoughts
surprise you, but you may find a (21) solution to the problem as well.

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Recently a friend of mine bought (22) a new printer for her computer. The dealer in the shop had
recommended it but she was let (23) down when she found it was no better than her old one. (24) _____ taking
it back, she (25) has__ a thought. She realised that if the dealer was criticised, he (26) would__ be offended.
So, instead of complaining, she said that she had (27) made__ a mistake by not asking for (28) _____ right printer.
The dealer promptly changed it free of charge.
It was obvious to my friend that if she (29) had_ not handled the problem in this way, the dealer would not
have provided her (30) with_ a free replacement.

For questions 31-40, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including
the word given.
31 Eating too quickly will give you a stomachache.
stop
You’ll have a stomachache if you don’t stop eating so quickly.
32 There’s no need to shout.
voice
Please keep your voice down.
33 Many people think that scientists have received signals from alien life forms.
thought
Scientists was thought to recieved signals from alien life forms.
34 Taking care of four young children is difficult.
look
It isn’t easy to look after four young children.
35 I don’t think they can complete the job by Friday.
might
They might not complete the job by Friday.
36 We enjoyed ourselves at the dance.
time
We ___________________________at the dance.
37 What they need to do is form a new committee.
ought
They really ___________________________ up a new committee.
38 Be quiet and you can watch me repair the clock.
long
You can watch me repair the clock as long as you be quiet.
39 Let me see your drawing.
look
Let me have a look at what you have drawn.
40 He drew cartoons before he began making films.
worked
He worked as a cartoonist before he began making films.

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For questions 41-55, read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct and
some have a word which should not be there. If a line is correct, put a tick 9in the margin on the right.
If a line has word which should not be there, underline the word and write it in the margin on the right.
There are two examples at the beginning (0 and 00).
A rich friend
0 Having been brought up in a relatively undesirable area, 9
00 I had very few friends who could have been then then
41 described as anything but poor. This was meant that as
42 I was always impressed by the wealth and large houses. Was
43 On one day I went to a folk music concert with on
44 some friends. There I met with a girl called Alison with
45 who invited several of us to her house for a cup
46 of coffee. To my amazement, her house was very huge. _____
47 It was located in a beautiful countryside and had
48 two entrances at the front. There was also a garage also
49 big enough for three cars next to it. As soon as I entered into _____
50 the house I saw some marvellous paintings hanging there there
51 on the wall. Alison explained that her father liked the
52 art and often he bought paintings by famous artists. _____
53 Although Alison came from a wealthy family, she _____
54 never looked down on the people. It did not take _____
55 long for us too to become friends and I was always too
made welcome at her house.

For questions 56-65, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a
word that fits in the space in the same line.
A stressful time
Probably the most confusing time in a person's life is
adolescence. It is a time when (56) choices that will affect a CHOOSE
person’s future have to be made. It is also when (57) depending
becomes such an important issue. These two factors, together DEPEND
with the (58) emphasis that is placed on academic success, can EMPHASISE
make teenagers behave (59) aggressive when they are subject to AGGRESSION
(60) critics. All too often adults regard those in their teens as CRITICISE
being (61) unthoughtful and make continuous (62) complainment about THINK/COMPLAIN
their
attitude towards older people. Yet, if an adult under stress NATURE/ RUDE
behaves (63)naturally at any time, their (64) rudeness, for
example, may be excused because they are under pressure. SEE
People tend to lose (65) sight of the fact that adolescents are
also under great pressure when they are criticised.

You are going to read a magazine article about the history of the bicycle. Choose from the sections of the
article (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than once.

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Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

In which section of the article are the following mentioned?
features that were not added because they were considered problematic 66. C
a design that is exactly the same as that of current products 67. A
a product that became popular despite its price in comparison with an existing product 68. D
a dramatic reaction to a particular sight 69. B
a design feature that it was felt would not appeal to men 70.B
a warning that affected the appeal of a certain product 71. A
a design that required more than one person to operate the vehicle 72. C
an attempt to get publicity 73. B
the possibility of injury because of where the rider sat 74. C
products that were introduced to compensate for a disadvantage of another product 75. C
an aspect of design that limited the number of people who could use a certain product 76. A
a design that some manufacturers felt would not become popular 77. D
people riding a certain product in order to impress others 78. B
the motivation of one set of people for changing bicycle design 79. D
an account of a remarkable achievement 80. B

Wheels that changed the world

A The bicycle was an absolutely extraordinary creation. Inventors had first begun to wrestle with the
challenge of coming up with a human-powered vehicle in the 17th century. In 1696, a French doctor used his
manservant to power a pedal-driven carriage while the master sat up front and steered. The beginnings of the
modern bicycle emerged in 1818 when Karl von Drais, an eccentric German baron, invented what we now know
as the hobbyhorse. It was bicycleshaped with wooden wheels but had no pedals: the rider had to push it forward
with his feet. At £8 - equivalent today to £500 - the hobbyhorse could be afforded only by true gentlemen, and
it soon became a much sought-after status symbol. But the craze died out after a year following a statement
from the London College of Surgeons, which said darkly that the hobbyhorse could cause 'internal injuries'.
B Brilliant minds continued to wrestle with the mechanical horse but made slow progress. Even Britain's
top engineer, Isambard Kingdom Brunei, could come up with nothing better than a hobbyhorse that ran on
railway tracks. Finally, in 1887, a Parisian blacksmith called Pierre Michaux added a pair of pedals to a
hobbyhorse, and the bicycle was born. The Michaux bicycle had pedals fixed directly to the front wheel, just
like a child's tricycle today. Made largely of iron, it weighed as much as a fridge but was easy to ride and took
a man up to five miles with the effort he would use to walk only one. Michaux's first newspaper advertisement
in May 1867 offered 'pedal velocipedes' for 250 francs.
At this price only the wealthy could afford one and a group of 20 young men spent their days showing off their
'steeds' before fascinated crowds in the Bois de Boulogne. Michaux was soon producing 20 bicycles a day, and
decided to organize a women's race as a stunt to boost his sales further. A racecourse in Bordeaux was roped
off, but when the four lady racers made their appearance in short skirts, the crowd of 3,000 burst through the
barriers. Nevertheless, the ladies raced off. A contemporary report recorded that Miss Louise took an early lead,
but Miss Julie made a 'superhuman effort', passing her on the home straight and winning by a nose. Within a
year, there were 50,000 bicycles in France.
C Not to be outdone by their French counterparts, British engineers set about improving bicycle design
with wire-spoked wheels and solid rubber tyres. The weight was reduced to a mere 441b, only twice the weight

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of a bike today. Gears and chains were still thought too heavy and complex to be fitted to a bicycle, so designers
could increase top speed only by increasing the size of the front wheel. Eventually front wheels grew until they
were 5ft and the penny farthing was born. Speeds of 20 mph were now possible, but the rider's seat was directly
above the front wheel, which made riding in a skirt impossible, so women were effectively barred from bicycles.
To make up for it, manufacturers developed tricycles with low seats. The penny farthing's biggest drawback
was its danger: the high seat was difficult to climb into, and once up there the driver had a long way to fall.
D In 1885, John Starley launched the Rover Safety Bicycle, the first model to adopt what we now think of
as the traditional design. The bicycle industry was unimpressed, as it had a chain-driven rear wheel, which
added weight, and a low seat, which made male riders look a bit ridiculous. But it turned out to be faster than a
penny farthing because it was more aerodynamic. More importantly, the Rover could be ridden in a skirt. At
£22, it was more expensive than a penny farthing, but its practicality was just what the public wanted.
Soon there were half a million bicycles in the UK. Between 1890 and 1900, the bicycle was refined until the
basic design became very similar to the featherweights that modern champions ride in the Tour de France.
Lightweight steel tubing, the diamond-shaped frame, gears and pneumatic tyres with separate inner tubes all
became common. Top speeds of 25 mph could now be reached. At last the cyclist could outrun a galloping
horse. The bicycle was found in every walk of life: policemen and postmen had them and several European
armies issued them to their soldiers.

t he end

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