NAME OF DOSAGE, MECHANISMS OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

DRUG FREQUE ACTION EFFECTS

NCY,
ROUTE
Brand Name: 1.5 mg The short term effects of • As an anti-inflammatory • visible water retention • vision changes, Assessment
Decadron, OD corticosteroids are decreased medication.  • inherited deficiency of • swelling, ▪ History for systemic administration: Active infections; renal or
Dexasone, PO vasodilation and Dexamethasone relieves argininosuccinate lyase • rapid weight gain, hepatic disease; hypothyroidism, ulcerative colitis; diverticulitis;
Diodex, permeability of capillaries, inflammation in various • inherited carbamoyl • sleep problems active or latent peptic ulcer; inflammatory bowel disease; CHF,
Hexadrol, as well as decreased parts of the body.  It is phosphate synthetase (insomnia), hypertension, thromboembolic disorders; osteoporosis; seizure
Maxidex leukocyte migration to sites used specifically to deficiency • mood changes, disorders; diabetes mellitus; lactation
of decrease swelling (edema), • citrullinemia • acne, ▪ History for ophthalmic preparations: Acute superficial herpes
Generic Name: inflammation.3 Corticosteroi associated with tumors of • infection caused by the • dry skin, simplex keratitis, fungal infections of ocular structures; vaccinia,
Dexamethasone ds binding to the the spine and brain, and to varicella zoster virus • thinning skin, varicella, and other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva;
glucocorticoid receptor treat eye inflammation. • measles • bruising or ocular TB
Classification: mediates changes in gene • To treat or prevent • ornithine discoloration, ▪ Physical for systemic administration: Baseline body weight, T;
expression that lead to allergic reactions. carbamoyltransferase • slow wound reflexes, and grip strength, affect, and orientation; P, BP, peripheral
Corticosteroid,
multiple downstream effects • As treatment of certain deficiency healing, perfusion, prominence of superficial veins; R and adventitious
Glucocorticoid over hours to days.3 kinds of autoimmune • increased sweating, sounds; serum electrolytes, blood glucose
• arginase deficiency
Glucocorticoids inhibit diseases, skin conditions, • headache, ▪ Physical for topical dermatologic preparations: Affected area for
• exposure to the measles
neutrophil apoptosis and asthma and other lung • dizziness, infections, skin injury
demargination; they inhibit conditions. • exposure to the • spinning sensation, Interventions
phospholipase A2, which • As treatment for a variety chickenpox • nausea, ▪ For systemic administration, do not give drug to nursing mothers;
decreases the formation of of cancers, such as • muscle pain or • stomach pain, drug is secreted in breast milk.
arachidonic acid derivatives; leukemia, lymphoma, and tenderness with increase • bloating, ▪ WARNING: Give daily doses before 9 AM to mimic normal peak
they inhibit NF-Kappa B multiple myeloma.   creatine kinase • muscle weakness, corticosteroid blood levels.
and other inflammatory • To treat nausea and • broken bone due to or ▪ Increase dosage when patient is subject to stress.
transcription factors; they vomiting associated with disease or illness • changes in the ▪ Taper doses when discontinuing high-dose or long-term therapy.
promote anti-inflammatory some chemotherapy drugs. • osteonecrosis shape or location of ▪ Do not give live virus vaccines with immunosuppressive doses of
genes like interleukin-10.3 • Used to stimulate • the death of bone tissue body fat (especially corticosteroids.
Lower doses of appetite in cancer patients due to a lack of blood in your arms, legs, ▪ For respiratory inhalant, intranasal preparation, do not use respiratory
corticosteroids provide an with severe appetite supply face, neck, breasts, inhalant during an acute asthmatic attack or to manage status
anti-inflammatory effect, problems.  • malaria affecting the and waist). asthmaticus.
while higher doses are • Also used to replace brain • Rare instances of ▪ Do not use intranasal product with untreated local nasal infections,
immunosuppressive.3 High steroids in conditions of • muscle wasting severe allergic epistaxis, nasal trauma, septal ulcers, or recent nasal surgery.
doses of glucocorticoids for adrenal insufficiency (low • hyperammonemia reactions ▪ WARNING: Taper systemic steroids carefully during transfer to
an extended period bind to production of needed associated with N- (anaphylaxis) have inhalational steroids; adrenal insufficiency deaths have occurred.
the mineralocorticoid steroids produced by the acetylglutamate synthase occurred in patients ▪ For topical dermatologic preparations, use caution when occlusive
receptor, raising sodium adrenal glands). deficiency receiving dressings, tight diapers cover affected area; these can increase
levels and decreasing Allergies: corticosteroid systemic absorption.
potassium levels • Corticosteroids therapy such as ▪ Avoid prolonged use near the eyes, in genital and rectal areas, and in
(Glucocorticoids) dexamethasone. skin creases.