LMU-800™

Hardware and
Installation Guide

Version 1.0.12
January 2012

Copyright ©CalAmp DataCom Inc 2012 CalAmp Proprietary & Confidential

LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide

License Agreement

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Computer Software-Restricted Rights at 48 CFR 52.227-19, as applicable. Manufacturer is CalAmp DataCom Inc., 1401 North Rice
Ave. Oxnard, CA 93030. Rights are reserved under copyright laws of the United States with respect to unpublished portions of the
Software.

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Regulatory Information
Human Exposure Compliance Statement
Pursuant to 47 CFR § 24.52 of the FCC Rules and Regulations, personal communications
services (PCS) equipment is subject to the radio frequency radiation exposure requirements
specified in § 1.1307(b), § 2.1091 and § 2.1093, as appropriate.

CalAmp DataCom Inc. certifies that it has determined that the LMU-800™ complies with
the RF hazard requirements applicable to broadband PCS equipment operating under the
authority of 47 CFR Part 24, Subpart E of the FCC Rules and Regulations. This
determination is dependent upon installation, operation and use of the equipment in
accordance with all instructions provided.

The LMU-800™ is designed for and intended to be used in fixed and mobile applications.
“Fixed” means that the device is physically secured at one location and is not able to be
easily moved to another location. “Mobile” means that the device is designed to be used in
other than fixed locations and generally in such a way that a separation distance of at least 20
cm is normally maintained between the transmitter’s antenna and the body of the user or
nearby persons. The LMU-800™ is not designed for or intended to be used in portable
applications (within 20 cm of the body of the user) and such uses are strictly prohibited.

To ensure that the LMU-800™ complies with current FCC regulations limiting both
maximum RF output power and human exposure to radio frequency radiation, a separation
distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the unit’s antenna and the body of
the user and any nearby persons at all times and in all applications and uses. Additionally, in
mobile applications, maximum antenna gain must not exceed 3 dBi.

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Table of Contents
License Agreement ................................................................................................................................................. ii
Limited Warranty ..................................................................................................................................................iv
Regulatory Information..........................................................................................................................................v
Human Exposure Compliance Statement .............................................................................................................v
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 About This Manual .......................................................................................................................................1
1.2 About The Reader .........................................................................................................................................2
1.3 About CalAmp ...............................................................................................................................................3
1.4 About the CalAmp Location Messaging Unit-700 (LMU-800™) ..............................................................4
2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................5
2.2 Component Descriptions ...............................................................................................................................7
2.2.1 Wireless Data Network ..........................................................................................................................7
2.2.2 LMU-800™ ...........................................................................................................................................7
2.2.3 LM Direct™ Server ...............................................................................................................................7
2.2.4 Backend Software ..................................................................................................................................7
2.2.5 PULS™..................................................................................................................................................8
2.2.6 LMU Manager™ ...................................................................................................................................8
2.3 Wireless Data Primer ....................................................................................................................................9
2.3.1 SMS (Short Message Service) ...............................................................................................................9
2.3.2 GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) ..................................................................................................9
3 HARDWARE OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Location Messaging Unit-700™ (LMU-800™) ......................................................................................... 10
3.1.1 LMU-800™ Handling Precautions ...................................................................................................... 10
3.1.2 Environmental Specifications .............................................................................................................. 12
3.2 Primary Connector ..................................................................................................................................... 14
3.3 GPS Receiver ............................................................................................................................................... 15
3.4 Available Radio Interface ........................................................................................................................... 15
4 CONFIGURATION AND ACTIVATION ................................................................................................................................................................... 16
4.1 Configuration Quick Start Guide .............................................................................................................. 16
4.2 Quick Start — General Config ................................................................................................................... 17
4.3 Auto provisioning of GSM LMUs .............................................................................................................. 18
4.4 Activating a GSM LMU using SMS........................................................................................................... 20
4.5 Accessing the SIM ....................................................................................................................................... 22
5 INSTALLING THE LMU .................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
5.1 Preparing for Installation ........................................................................................................................... 24
5.2 Plan The Installation ................................................................................................................................... 24
5.2.1 Size and Placement of LMU Unit ........................................................................................................ 25
5.2.2 Access to the SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card ........................................................................ 26
5.2.3 Protection from Heat ............................................................................................................................ 27
5.2.4 Visibility of Diagnostic LEDs ............................................................................................................. 27
5.2.5 Cable Length ........................................................................................................................................ 27
5.2.6 Moisture and Weather Protection ........................................................................................................ 27
5.2.7 Preventing Accidental or Unauthorized Modification ......................................................................... 27
5.3 Installing the LMU in a Vehicle ................................................................................................................. 28
5.3.1 Place the LMU unit in the vehicle. ...................................................................................................... 28
5.3.2 Connect power, ignition, and ground. .................................................................................................. 28
6 I/O DESCRIPTIONS ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 29

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6.1.1 Ignition and Inputs ............................................................................................................................... 30
6.1.2 Outputs................................................................................................................................................. 32
6.1.3 Status LEDs ......................................................................................................................................... 33
6.2 Installation Verification .............................................................................................................................. 34
6.2.1 Comm Verification .............................................................................................................................. 34
6.2.2 GPS Verification .................................................................................................................................. 35
6.2.3 Inbound Verification ............................................................................................................................ 36

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1 Introduction
Welcome to the LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide. This manual is intended to
give you information on the basic setup and installation of the CalAmp LMU-800™ product
including hardware descriptions, environmental specifications, wireless network overviews
and device installation.

1.1 About This Manual

The LMU-800™ is one of the most flexible and economical mobile tracking hardware
products available. In order to accurately describe the functionality of these units we have
broken this manual into the following sections:

 System Overview: A basic description of a CalAmp LMU-800™ based tracking

system. This includes a description of roles and responsibilities of each of the
CalAmp components as well as a brief overview of the wireless data technologies
used by the LMU-800™.
 Hardware Overview: Describes the physical characteristics and interfaces of the
LMU-800™.
 Installation and Verification: Provides guidance for the installation of the LMU-
800™ in a vehicle and instructions on how to verify the installation is performing
adequately.

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1.2 About The Reader

In order to limit the size and scope of this manual, the following assumptions have been
made about the reader.

 You are familiar with GPS concepts and terminology

 You have some experience with installing equipment in vehicles
 You are familiar with the use of AT Commands
 You are familiar with the use of terminal programs such as HyperTerminal or PuTTY

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1.3 About CalAmp

CalAmp is a leading provider of wireless communications products that enable
anytime/anywhere access to critical information, data and entertainment content. With
comprehensive capabilities ranging from product design and development through volume
production, CalAmp delivers cost-effective high quality solutions to a broad array of
customers and end markets. CalAmp is the leading supplier of Direct Broadcast Satellite
(DBS) outdoor customer premise equipment to the U.S. satellite television market. The
Company also provides wireless data communication solutions for the telemetry and asset
tracking markets, private wireless networks, public safety communications and critical
infrastructure and process control applications. For additional information, please visit our
website at www.calamp.com.

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1.4 About the CalAmp Location Messaging Unit-800 (LMU-800™)

The LMU-800™ is an economical vehicle tracking product designed for easy and reliable
installation in automobiles. The LMU-800™ is an ideal solution for automotive insurance,
stolen vehicle, vehicle finance, auto rental and other automotive tracking applications.

Competitive Price, Competitive Technology, Competitive Edge

Superior internal antennas for both cellular and GPS eliminate the need for wired antennas
and make the LMU-800™ mountable virtually anywhere in the vehicle for easy, inexpensive
installations. The LMU-800™ delivers a new level in standby current consumption. The
device's intelligent power management algorithms result in a deep sleep mode current of less
than 1mA.

Flexibility
The LMU-800™ employs CalAmp's industry leading on-board alert engine, PEG™
(Programmable Event Generator). This advanced application monitors vehicle conditions
and supports hundreds of customized exception-based rules to help meet customers'
dynamic requirements. Customers can modify the behavior of the device to meet several
applications before shipment or in the field. Combining affordability and device intelligence
with your unique application provides the most flexible tracking device in its class.

Over-the-Air Serviceability
The LMU-800™ also incorporates CalAmp's industry leading over-the-air device
management and maintenance software, PULS™ (Programming, Update and Logistics
System). Configuration parameters, PEG™ scripts, and firmware can all be updated over the
air. PULS™ offers out-of-the-box, hands-free configuration and automatic post-installation
upgrades. You can also monitor unit health status across your customers' fleets to quickly
identify issues before they become expensive problems.

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2 System Overview
2.1 Overview
The entire purpose behind a fleet management system is to be able to remotely contact a
vehicle, determine its location or status, and do something meaningful with that information.
This could include displaying the vehicle location on a map, performing an address look-up,
providing real-time driving directions, updating the vehicles ETA, monitoring vehicle and
driver status or dispatching the vehicle to its next pick up.

These functions, of course, are completely dependent on the capabilities of the vehicle
management application. The role of the CalAmp LMU-800™ is to deliver the location
information when and where it is needed.

A typical fleet management system based on a CalAmp device includes the following
components:

 A wireless data network

 An LMU-800™
 An LM Direct™ communications server
 Backend mapping and reporting software which typically includes mapping and fleet
reporting functions
 PULS™
 LMU Manager™

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Figure 1 - Basic System Architecture

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2.2 Component Descriptions

2.2.1 Wireless Data Network
The Wireless Data Network provides the information bridge between the LM Direct™
server and the LMU-800s™. Wireless data networks can take a variety of forms, such as
cellular networks, satellite systems or local area networks. At this point in time, only GSM
networks available to the LMU-800™.

2.2.2 LMU-800™
The LMU-800™ is responsible for delivering the location and status information when and
where it is needed. Data requests can come from any of the following sources:

 PEG™ script within the LMU-800™

 A location or status request from the LM Direct™ server
 A location or status request from LMU Manager
 An SMS request made from a mobile device such as a customer’s cell-phone

In some cases, it is necessary to run an application in the vehicle while it is being tracked by
the backend software. Such examples could include instant messaging between vehicles or a
central office, in-vehicle mapping or driving directions, email or database access. In most of
these cases you will be using the LMU-800™ as a wireless modem as well as a vehicle-
location device.

2.2.3 LM Direct™ Server

LM Direct™ is a CalAmp proprietary message interface specification detailing the various
messages and their contents the LMU-800™ is capable of sending and receiving. This
interface allows System Integrators to communicate directly with LMU-800’s™. Please refer
to the LM Direct™ Reference Guide for details.

2.2.4 Backend Software

Backend software is a customer provided software application. Regardless of its purpose one
of its primary functions is to parse and present data obtained from the LM Direct™ server.
This allows the application to do any of the following:

 Display location database on reports received from the LMU-800™ in a variety of

formats
 Present historic information received from the LMU-800™, typically in a
report/chart style format
 Request location updates from one or more LMU-800™
 Update and change the configuration of one or more LMU-800™

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2.2.5 PULS™
PULS™ (Programming, Update and Logistics System) is CalAmp’s web-based maintenance
server offering out-of-the-box hands free configuration and automatic post-installation
upgrades. PULSTM provides a means for configuration parameters, PEG scripts, and
firmware to be updated Over-The-Air(OTA) and allows CalAmp customers to monitor unit
health status across your customers’ fleets to quickly identify issues before they become
expensive problems.

2.2.6 LMU Manager™

LMU Manager is the primary configuration tool in the CalAmp system. It allows access to
almost every feature available to the LMU-800™. Unlike the backend software, it has the
option of talking directly to an LMU-800™ or making a request forwarded by the LM
Direct™ server.

For further details on using LMU Manager, please refer to the LMU Manager Users Guide.

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2.3 Wireless Data Primer

This section is meant to give an overview of the wireless data technologies employed by the
CalAmp LMU-800™.

2.3.1 SMS (Short Message Service)

“The Short Message Service (SMS) is the ability to send and receive text messages to and
from mobile telephones. The text can comprise of words or numbers or an alphanumeric
combination. SMS was created as part of the GSM Phase 1 standard.”1

SMS message are typically text based, though binary messages are possible and can range in
size from 140 characters to 256 characters depending on the network being used.

2.3.2 GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)

“The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new non-voice value-added service that
allows information to be sent and received across a GSM mobile telephone network. It
supplements today's Circuit Switched Data and Short Message Service. GPRS is NOT
related to GPS (the Global Positioning System), a similar acronym that is often used in
mobile contexts.”2

GPRS is being deployed in its initial stages in approximately 52 countries around the world.
Keep in mind that GSM frequencies change depending on your geographic location. In
Europe, GSM sits in both the 900Mhz and 1.8GHz bands. In North America it sits in the
1.9GHz and 850 MHz bands. This means, that in order to roam with your GSM/GPRS
mobile between countries, it needs to be able to operate on multiple frequencies. The LMU-
800™ offers quad-band (850/900/1800/1900 MHz)support to utilize networks worldwide.

1 Excerpt taken from the GSM World website (http://www.gsmworld.com/technology/sms/intro.shtml#1)

2 Excerpt taken from the GSM World website (http://www.gsmworld.com/technology/gprs.html)

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3 Hardware Overview
3.1 Location Messaging Unit-700™ (LMU-800™)
3.1.1 LMU-800™ Handling Precautions

3.1.1.1 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is the sudden and momentary electric current that flows
between two objects at different electrical potentials caused by direct contact or induced by
an electrostatic field. The term is usually used in the electronics and other industries to
describe momentary unwanted currents that may cause damage to electronic equipment.

3.1.1.2 ESD Handling Precautions

ESD prevention is based on establishing an Electrostatic Protective Area (EPA). The EPA
can be a small working station or a large manufacturing area. The main principle of an EPA
is that there are no highly charging materials in the vicinity of ESD sensitive electronics, all
conductive materials are grounded, workers are grounded, and charge build-up on ESD
sensitive electronics is prevented. International standards are used to define typical EPA and
can be obtained for example from International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) or
American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

This ESD classification of the sub assembly will be defined for the most sensitive
component, therefore the following classifications apply:

 Class 1B – Human Model (< 1 Kv)

 Class M1 – Machine Model (< 100V)

When handling the LMU-800’s™ main-board (i.e. sub assembly) by itself or in a partial
housing proper ESD precautions should be taken. The handler should be in an ESD safe
area and be properly grounded.

3.1.1.3 GPS Ceramic Patch Handling

When handling the sub assembly it may be natural to pick it up by sides and make contact
with the antenna boards. In an uncontrolled ESD environment contact with the center pin
of ceramic patch antenna can create a path for electrostatic discharge directly to the GPS
Module. The GPS Module is very sensitive to ESD and can be damaged and rendered non-
functional at low levels of ESD.

One should avoid contact with the center pin of the patch during handling. Going forward
the Factory will be placing a protective layer of Kapton® tape over the patch element to
eliminate this ESD path.

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3.1.1.4 Packaging
Anytime the sub assembly is shipped and it is not fully packaged in its final housing it must
be sealed in an ESD safe bag.

3.1.1.5 Electrical Over-Stress (EOS)

The GPS receiver can be damaged if exposed to an RF level that exceeds its maximum input
rating. Such exposure can happen if a nearby source transmits an RF signal at sufficiently
high level to cause damage.

3.1.1.6 Storage and Shipping

One potential source of EOS is proximity of one LMU-800™ GPS Antenna to another
LMU-800™ GSM Antenna. Should one of the units be in a transmit mode the potential
exists for the other unit to become damaged. Therefore any LMU-800™ GPS Antenna
should be kept at least four inches apart from any active LMU-800™ GSM Antenna or any
other active high power RF transmitter with power greater than 1 Watt.

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3.1.2 Environmental Specifications

The LMU-800™ is designed to operate in environments typically encountered by fleet
vehicles, including wide temperature extremes, voltage transients, and potential interference
from other vehicle equipment.

To ensure proper operation in such an environment, the LMU-800™ was subjected to

standard tests defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). The specific tests
included temperature, shock, vibration, and EMI/EMC. These tests were performed by
independent labs and documented in a detailed test report. In accordance with Appendix A
of SAE J1113 Part 1, the Unit is considered a “Functional Status Class B, Performance
Region II” system that requires Threat Level 3 Testing.

The following shows the environmental conditions the LMU is designed to operate in and
the relevant SAE tests that were performed. No formal altitude tests were conducted.

Size
3.5" long x 2.125" wide x 0.625" high
8.9 cm long x 5.4cm wide x 1.6 cm high
Weight
2.6 ounces
74g
Operating Temperature
-30o C to 75oC
Storage Temperature
-40o C to 85o C
Humidity
0% to 95% relative humidity, at 50 oC non-condensing
Shock and Vibration
SAE Test: SAE J1455 Compliant
Mil Standard 202G and 810F Compliant
Ground vehicle environment with associated shock and vibration
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC/EMI)
SAE Test: SAE J1113 Parts 2, 12, 21 and 41 Compliant
FCC Part 15B Compliant
Industry Canada Compliant
EMC compliant for a ground vehicle environment
Operating Voltage Range
6 – 32VDC

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Back-up Battery
700 mAh (up to 14 days)
3 Hour Charge Time
Power Consumption
Active Standby: 70mA at 12VDC
Sleep on Network: 10 mA at 12VDC
Deep Sleep: 1mA at 12VDC
GPS
50 channel WAAS capable GPS Receiver
2m CEP (with SBAS)
-160 dBm tracking sensitivity
Communications (Comm)
Quad Band Class 12 GPRS Modem
850 MHz (Class 4) – 2W
900 MHz (Class 4) – 2W
1800 MHz (Class 1) – 1W
1900 MHz (Class 1) -1 W
GPRS Packet Data (UDP)
SMS
RoHS Compliant

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3.2 Primary Connector

The LMU-800™ uses 8 22AWG leads for its power and I/O connections. These leads are
mapped as follows:
Signal Name Description Lead Color Input or Output
GND Ground Black Ground – Serial Cable
VCC Primary Power Input Red Power
IN-0 Ignition White Input
IN-1 Input 1 Blue Input
IN-2 Input 2 Orange Input
Out-0 Output 0 Green Output
Out-1 Output 1 Brown Output
Out-2 Output 2 Yellow Output

Figure 2 - LMU-800™ Power and I/O leads

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3.3 GPS Receiver

The LMU-800™’s GPS receiver has the following specifications:
 50 channel GPS receiver
 Accuracy: 3 meter CEP (with SA off)
 -160dBm Tracking Sensitivity

3.4 Available Radio Interface

The LMU-800™ uses a GSM/GPRS modem with the following specifications:
 SMS
 GPRS- Class 12
 Quad Band (850/900/1800/1900 MHz)
 Output Power:
o 850 (Class 4): 2W
o 900 (Class 4) 2W
o 1800 (Class 1) 1W
o 1900 (Class 1) 1W
 GPRS - LMU-800™ (Part Number: LMU07G100-G1000)

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4 Configuration and Activation

4.1 Configuration Quick Start Guide
This section details how to quickly get an LMU-800™ provisioned and configured to point
at a specific server. It is assumed that a PEG script has already been created and is being
managed through LMU Manager or PULS, the CalAmp Maintenance System.

We are making three assumptions to simplify the setup process:

 You have created, installed and configured an LM Direct™ Server to receive

messages from the LMU-800™. (See LM Direct™ Reference Guide for details)
 The LMU-800™ has an active SIM inserted into it.
 You have access to an SMS capable handset.

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4.2 Quick Start — General Config

All LMU-800s™ must go through a common step during the configuration and provisioning
process. Specifically, this is pointing the LMU to the LM Direct™ server, either via IP or a
URL
This configuration process is accomplished via a series of AT Commands.

1. Power up the LMU-800™

2. Power up your handset
3. From the handset, send an SMS message to the LMU-800™’s phone number:
!RP,768,0,ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd
where ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd is the publicly addressable IPV4 address of the server
4. Alternatively if a URL has been set up for your LM Direct server, the LMU may be
programmed with:
!RP,2319,0,“myURL.MyCompany.Com”
Where “myURL.MyCompany.com” is the URL assigned to the server
5. Verify your settings by sending the commands:
!RP?,768,0
!RP?,2319,0

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4.3 Auto provisioning of GSM LMUs

For certain operators, the LMU can auto-populate the APN, username and password
settings based on the Mobile Country Code (MCC) and the Mobile Network Code (MNC)
of the SIM. Upon inserting a new SIM the APN, username and password will switch to the
new SIM card's defaults if the MCC and MNC values change. The current list of supported
MCC and MNC combinations are:

 AT&T – formerly AT&T Wireless or Cingular Blue (MCC 310, MNC 38)
o APN 0: PROXY
o APN 1: PUBLIC
 AT&T – formerly Cingular Wireless (MCC 310, MNC 17, 18, 41)
o APN 0 & 1: ISP.CINGULAR
o Username: [email protected]
o Password: CINGULAR1
 Manxpronto (MCC 234, MCN 058)
o APN web.manxpronto.net
o Username: gprs
o Password: gprs
 O2 UK (MCC 234, MNC 02, 10, 11)
o APN 0 & 1: mobile.o2.co.uk
o Username: mobileweb
o Password: password
 O2 Ireland (MCC 272, MNC 02)
o APN 0 & 1:INTERNET
o Username: gprs
o Password: gprs
 Orange UK (MCC 234, MNC 33, 34)
o APN 0 & 1: orangeinternet
o Username: user
o Password: pass
 T-Mobile (MCC 310, MNC 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31, 58, 66, 80)
o APN 0: CONNECT.T-MOBILE.COM
o APN 1: CONNECT.T-MOBILE.COM
 T-Mobile UK (MCC 234, MNC 30,31,32)
o APN 0 & 1: general.t-mobile.uk
o Username: user
o Password: wap
 TelCel Mexico (MCC 334 MNC 02)
o APN 0 & 1: INTERNET.ITELCEL.COM
o Username: webgprs
o Password: webgprs2002

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 Telstra Australia (MCC 505, MNC 01, 11, 71, 72)
o APN 0 & 1: telstra.internet
 Vodafone Ireland (MCC 272, MNC 01)
o APN 0 & 1: isp.vodafone.ie
o Username: vodafone
o Password: vodafone
 Vodafone New Zealand (MCC 530, MNC 01)
o APN 0 & 1: internet
o Username: guest
o Password: guest
 Vodafone UK (MCC 234, MNC 15)
o APN 0 & 1: internet
o Username: web
o Password: web

Unless otherwise stated, the username and password will be set to “dummy”.

This feature can be disabled by setting Bit 0 of S-Register 155 via SMS.

!RP,1024,35,1,1

To re-enable auto-provisioning, use:

!RP,1024,35,1,0

Auto-provisioning occurs when the LMU detects a SIM with a new operator ID (i.e. the first
6 digits of the IMSI) or when Bit 0 of S155 is cleared and the GPRS context is blank (i.e
Parameter 2306,0).

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4.4 Activating a GSM LMU using SMS

For a GSM/GPRS operator3 you will get the LMU in one of two varieties, one with a SIM
and one without.

If you get an LMU without a SIM (which is the typical case) the operator will simply ask for
the IMEI of the LMU. The IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identifier) is printed on
the bottom of the LMU under the LMU’s ESN. Again, DO NOT give the operator the
ESN..

The operator will provide you with a SIM for each account activated. If they are especially
nice (or you are especially persistent) they will also give you a list tying the IMSI
(International Subscriber Identifier) of the SIM to the phone number assigned to it. Please
note that the operator will likely tie the IMSI (i.e. the SIM) to a specific IMEI. Making sure
the specific SIM matches to the right IMEI isn’t strictly necessary, but it will keep everyone’s
book-keeping a little cleaner. You may also obtain this information by running a CSV report
in PULS (after the devices have connected to the network and sent in their first ID Report).
See the PULS Users Guide for more information.

If you do happen to have a SIM, the operator will ask for the IMSI and ICC-ID (Integrated
Circuit Card Identifier) along with the IMEI of the LMU. Again, in return you should get a
list of IMSIs and Phone Numbers.

The IMEI, IMSI and ICC-ID are all available through the ATI1 command. The IMEI
should also be printed on the bottom of the LMU.

You should also get an APN (Access Point Name) value. The APN is the device on the
network that allows a GPRS device (i.e. the LMU) to get to the internet. They tend to look
like a URL, for example:

myAPN.myOperator.com

Operators can offer more than one type of APN and can even set up a custom APN just for
your devices4. The rates they charge will vary depending on the APN service you want.
Operators may also request you use a blank APN. With the APN, you should also receive a
username and password combination.

3 Trivia time… GSM is dominant in Europe and networks are run by Operators, not carriers. Carriers, at least in a
European sense, refer to the rats that carried the black plague.
4 It is important to note that the operator may charge more to access certain APNs.

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The last item an operator may provide is a SIM PIN. The PIN is effectively a password to
the device. The main difference here is that the PIN will restrict all the capabilities of the
GSM device, where the SPC is used just for configuration.

The activation sequence for a GSM LMU would therefore use the following SMS messages:

!RP,2306,0, “myAPN.myOperator.com”
or
!RP,2306,0, “” (for a blank APN)
or
!RP,2314,0,“myUSername”
!RP,2315,0,“myPassword”

Only enter this next command if you have been given a non-zero PIN as any errors may
lock you out of the modem.

!RP,1285,0,<pin>

You can confirm activation by watching the Comm LED to see if it goes solid. You may
also confirm activation using !RC. A good response should look similar to the following:

-93 DA. 9+ 10.10.4.142 20510

M:O.. 207.71.209.248 20500
I:Osr 172.254.1.10 5557
O:Osr 172.254.1.10 20510

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4.5 Accessing the SIM

The following instructions should be used when attempting to access the SIM in a GSM
LMU-800™.

When opening the LMU-800™ take care

to not to touch the GPS Patch Antenna as
an accidental ESD discharges may render
it inoperable.

1. Remove the top plate of the LMU-800™. The LMU-800™’s enclosure is held
together by 4 plastic clips. To remove the cover, squeeze the top plate of the LMU
approximately ½” from the end of the LMU and approximately 1” from the front
(i.e. the end with the cables).

DO NOT TOUCH
THIS AREA

Figure 3 - LMU-800™ Clip locations

2. Remove the top-plate to expose the top-side of the LMU-800™’s main-board.

3. Remove the main-board from the LMU-800™’s bottom plate and turn it over. The
SIM carrier is located on the bottom side. Take care not to touch the GPS Patch
antenna.

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DO NOT TOUCH
THIS AREA

Figure 4 - LMU-800™ SIM Alignment

4. Align the SIM so that the contacts will face into the main board and the notch is
aligned to the SIM Carrier.
5. Insert the SIM.
6. Place the main-board back into the LMU-800™’s bottom plate.
7. Snap the LMU-800™’s cover back in place.

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5 Installing the LMU

The installation of the LMU and its antennas can have a major impact on the LMU’s
performance. It is recommended that installers be familiar with the installation of GPS and
cellular devices and are comfortable in a vehicle environment.

5.1 Preparing for Installation

Be sure you have received all the LMU components you need. This must include:
 The LMU to be installed
 A power harness
 Optional Components:
o Input cables

5.2 Plan The Installation

Verify Power, Ground and Ignition. Be sure to check each source (power, ground and
ignition) to ensure that the proper signaling exists. This is typically accomplished with a
multi-meter.

Before drilling any holes or running any wires, decide where each hardware component will
be located (LMU, antennas, peripherals, etc.). Be sure that the cables to the LMU are not
bent or constricted in any way. Also make sure that the LMU is kept free from direct
exposure to the elements (sun, heat, rain, moisture etc...).

Be advised that an installation that violates the environmental specifications of the LMU will
void the warranty.

The best way to ensure a trouble-free installation is to consider your options and make some
decisions before you start. Take a look at the vehicle and determine how to best install the
LMU for the following purposes:

 Accurate data gathering and simulation of how customers actually use your solution
 Ongoing monitoring and maintenance of LMU equipment
 Accidental or intentional alteration of the equipment or cable connections

The following sections cover some of the issues to consider when planning your LMU
installation.

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5.2.1 Size and Placement of LMU Unit

The dimensions of the LMU should be taken into account, particularly when installing in a
vehicle:

Whether you intend to place the LMU under a seat or into a cavity behind the vehicle’s
interior molded trim, be sure the LMU will fit before drilling any holes or running cable

Be certain that the cables running to the LMU will not be bent or constricted. Damage to
the cables may impede the LMU’s performance.
 Be certain that the installation point will not violate any of the LMU’s environmental
specification (temperature, moisture, etc…) as improper installation of the LMU may
void the warranty.

See the LMU Environmental Specifications for the exact measurements and specifications of
the LMU-800™.

Typical installations will place the LMU under the vehicle dash board, or in the trunk. Make
sure you can get access to the unit afterwards as under some circumstances it may be
necessary to add additional wiring or connections to the LMU.

The LMU-800™ uses an internal antenna for both GPS and Comm. As a result, improper
placement of the LMU can have The GPS and Comm antennas are located on top of the
LMU-800™.

5.2.1.1 Placement of Combination and Internal antennas.

When dealing with combination antennas, it is more important to considered GPS
performance over Comm performance. GPS signal strengths are much lower than those
typically seen by cellular networks supported by the LMU. In order to maximize the
performance the LMU-800™ should have a clear view of the sky as possible. When
installing the GPS antenna in a vehicle, make sure that there are as few obstructions as
possible close to the LMU that might block the view 360 to the horizon. Ideally, nothing
should not block the antenna beyond 5 above the horizon with the best location being near
the center of the roof. For more covert installs, directly under the front or rear-windshields
are also acceptable.

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5 Examples OK(Yellow) and Poor(Red) internal antenna placements

Figure 6 - Examples of Good (Green), OK(Yellow) and Poor (Red) Combination antenna placements

The received signal levels at the GPS antenna from the satellites are very low in power
(approximately -136 dBm), so any blockage of the antenna can affect the quality of the
location computed by the receiver.

5.2.2 Access to the SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card

When used in a GSM or iDEN network, each LMU uses a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
card, which should be inserted before you install the LMU for the first time. The SIM card is
attached to the main-board inside the housing of the LMU unit.

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At some future time, you might need or want to replace the SIM card with a different one,
so try to install the LMU in such a way that the cover can be removed to make the SIM card
accessible.

5.2.3 Protection from Heat

It is best not to place the LMU unit in an unusually warm location such as directly near
heater vents, near hot engine components or in direct sunlight. The maximum temperature
that can be tolerated by the LMU is described in the LMU Environmental Specifications
section.

5.2.4 Visibility of Diagnostic LEDs

Status LED lights on the front of the LMU unit can provide valuable information about the
operation of the LMU. When feasible, attempt to install the LMU in such a way that these
lights can be seen with reasonable ease.

You may find it useful to be able to view the LEDs periodically to make sure that the LMU
is operating properly. If at any time you should encounter a problem with the LMU, you
may need to read the LEDs in order to troubleshoot the problem. If you cannot fix the
LMU yourself, you will need to provide the LED information to CalAmp customer support.

For information about how to interpret the LEDs, see the Status LED Behavior section.

5.2.5 Cable Length

The RF cables which are provided for connecting to the LMU antennas should be used at
the length provided. Do not cut cables. Instead, coil any excess cable length, making sure not
to crimp or flatten the antenna cable.

5.2.6 Moisture and Weather Protection

The LMU unit must be located where it will not be exposed to moisture or water. In a
typical installation inside a vehicle this is not commonly thought to be a concern; however, it
might be best to avoid locating the LMU below a car’s cup holders, or where rain might
easily splash into the compartment when a door is opened.

5.2.7 Preventing Accidental or Unauthorized Modification

If you anticipate that fleet drivers or others might interfere with the LMUs once they are
installed, take steps to be sure that it is not easy to disconnect the antenna wiring, remove
the LMU from its power source, etc.
Two common methods are the use of Tamper Proof Sealant or creation of PEG Script to
detect power loss or GPS antenna disconnections.

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5.3 Installing the LMU in a Vehicle

This section provides instructions for installing an LMU in a vehicle.

Be sure to consider the design decisions described in the previous sections. When you are
ready to begin installing the LMU, follow these steps:

5.3.1 Place the LMU unit in the vehicle.

LMUs with internal antennas should be placed to maximize their GPS performance. A
typical location include under the dash close to the front wind-shield. Attach the LMU to the
solid body of the vehicle, not to plastic panels. The LMU can be placed out of sight by
removing interior trim and molding to expose available space, then replacing the trim once
the LMU is in place.

5.3.2 Connect power, ignition, and ground.

The power input (red wire) must be connected to a constant (un-switched) +12 VDC or
+24 VDC supply; preferably, connected directly to the vehicle battery terminal or as close to
it as possible. This connection point should be fuse protected to not more than 5 Amps.
The ignition input (white wire) must be connected to the vehicle ignition or another
appropriate key operated line, such as ACCESSORY, ensuring that power to the ignition
wire is available only when the vehicle ignition is on.
The ground line (black wire) must be connected to chassis ground.

Failure to connect these lines in the manner described may result in discharge of the vehicle
battery.

For best results, it is strongly recommended that the LMU connection be on its own circuit.
Connect the power input directly to the vehicle battery if possible and protect the circuit
with an inline fuse. If you must connect through the fuse box, use standard commercial
wiring practices to create a permanent installation rather than using press-in fuse clips or
other temporary measures.

Figure 7 - Completed Install

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6 I/O Descriptions
The LMU-800™ provides the following I/O:

Digital Inputs
 Input 0: Ignition Sense (always biased low)
 Input 1: Generic Digital Input (Biased high or low/ S-158 Bit 1)
 Input 2: Generic Digital Input (Biased high or low/ S-158 Bit 2)
Output
 Output 0 : Standard Open Collector Relay Output
 Output 1: Standard Open Collector Relay Output
 Output 2: Standard Open Collector Relay Output

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6.1.1 Ignition and Inputs

The LMU-800™ provides up to 5 external inputs and one internal. The external inputs are
protected from typical vehicle transients and can be directly connected to most vehicle level
logical inputs from 4 volts up to the vehicle power input level (typically 12 VDC). Their
input impedance is approximately 10k. One of these inputs is dedicated to sensing the
vehicle’s ignition status to provide for flexible power management. The other two inputs
may be used to sense vehicle inputs such as cooling unit operation, a hidden driver “Panic”
switch, taxi on-duty/off-duty meter status or many others.

The ignition input is pulled to ground through the 10k resistance, where the other inputs can
be configured to be normally High (i.e. pulled to +12v through a 10k resistor) or Low (i.e.
pulled to ground through a 10k resistor). The diagrams below show how to connect the
inputs in both a high- and low-biased configuration:

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Figure 8 - Sample Input Wiring

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LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide

6.1.2 Outputs
The LMU’s outputs are designed to drive external relays. These outputs provide a high-
current, open-collector driver that can sink up to 150 mA each. These drivers may be used to
drive external relays that can then control vehicle functions such as door locks, fuel shut-off
valves, sirens and lights. If additional current is required to drive the relays, external circuitry
can be added to source the current. This diagram is a typical use of an output to drive a relay.

Vehicle Power
(+12VDC)

Relay
86 87

Relay
Contacts
Relay
Coil 30
LMU Output 0

85

Ground

Figure 9 - Sample Relay Wiring

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LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide

6.1.3 Status LEDs

The LMU-800™ is equipped with two Status LEDs, one for GPS and one for COMM
(wireless network status). The LEDs use the following blink patterns to indicate service:

LED #1 (Comm LED - Orange) Definitions

Condition LED 1
Modem Off Off
Comm On - Searching Slow Blinking
Network Available Fast Blinking
Registered but no Inbound Alternates from Solid to Fast Blink every
Acknowledgement 1s
Registered and Received Solid
Inbound Acknowledgement

LED #2 (GPS LED - Yellow) Definitions

Condition LED 1
GPS Off Off
GPS On Slow Blinking
GPS Time Sync Fast Blinking
GPS Fix Solid

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LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide

6.2 Installation Verification

In many cases it is desirable to verify that an installed LMU-800™ is working properly. That
is, installers should verify that the GPS and communications functions of the LMU-800™
are working properly before departing the installation site. In more robust cases, some key
configuration settings such as the Inbound Address and URL should also be verified.

Note that these processes are all based on issuing SMS messages to the LMU-800™. It is
expected that installers will have access to an SMS capable handset.

6.2.1 Comm Verification

Installers should first verify that the LMU-800™ has been acquired and has registered to the
wireless network. This may be verified in one of two ways. First, installers may look at the
Comm LED (i.e., the one closest to the SMC antenna connector). If this LED is solid, then
the LMU has registered to the network and established a data session.

If the LED is not visible, then Comm may be verified using an SMS Message of:
!RC

The LMU™ should send the follow SMS reponse:

-93 DA. 9+ 10.10.4.142 20510
M:O.. 207.71.209.248 20500
I:Osr 172.254.1.10 5557
O:Osr 172.254.1.10 20510

OK

Installers are looking for both the ‘D’ and ‘A” in the first line. This indicates that the LMU
has registered to the data network and has successfully reported to an LM Direct server.

Please note that it may take several seconds for the LMU-800™ respond.

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LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide

6.2.2 GPS Verification

The next step is to verify that the GPS receiver is seeing enough satellites to obtain a valid
GPS position. Again, installers have two choices on how to perform this verification. First,
like the Comm Verification, there is a GPS status LED (i.e., the one closest to the SMA
connector). If this LED is solid, then the LMU has found GPS service.

If the LED is not visible then GPS service may be verified using an SMS Command of:
!RG

The response should be similar to:

GPS:3D-RTIME 4
LAT:43.3289311
LON:-79.8134880
HDG:295
SPD:1 kph, 1 mph
MID:4231016583 ESN
AGC:62%

Installers are looking for the 3D-RTIME setting along with a valid Lat, Long pair (i.e.
something other than 0). If the GPS receiver does not have a valid lock within 2-3 minutes,
installers should check antenna placement (see the Installation Notes section for placement
suggestions), the antenna connector and that the antenna has a clear view of the sky. For
further troubleshooting, installers should contact CalAmp Support
([email protected])

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LMU-800™ Hardware and Installation Guide

6.2.3 Inbound Verification

The last item to verify is that the LMU-800™ is sending data to the correct server. In
general, this is a two-step process that will need the aid of an observer on the back end. That
is, a technician will have to be logged in so they can monitor data coming into the backend
mapping/vehicle management application.

First, verify that the LMU-800™ is using the correct Inbound IP address by using:
!R0

The response should be similar to:

APP:106 1.3c
COM:-91 D.. m2m.t-mobile.com
GPS:3D-RTIME 9
INP:00101100 0.0V
MID:352024025301973 IMEI
INB:172.254.1.10:5557

The installer will need to verify with a backend technician that the, URL
(myURL.myCompany.com ), IP address (ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd) and port (<ppppp>) are correct.

The second step is to verify that the LMU-800™ is sending data. The best way to do this is
to force the LMU-800™ to send in an unacknowledged Event Report (i.e., its current GPS
location) with the following command:

!R3,44,255

The backend monitor must then be contacted to confirm that they received an Event Report
with Event Code 255.

Assuming that all three sections have passed, the installation can be considered to be
complete.

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