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Design of Doubly Reinf and - T-Beams

1. The document describes the design procedure for doubly reinforced beams and T-beams where the flange thickness is greater than or less than the web thickness. 2. The key steps are to determine the steel area required for flexure (As or Asf), calculate the moment capacity, and then check if compression or tension steel will yield at failure. 3. Additional steps for T-beams include calculating the effective flange width, distinguishing between z>t and z<t cases, and checking for yielding of tension steel.

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Grace Ann Cabanban
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596 views13 pages

Design of Doubly Reinf and - T-Beams

1. The document describes the design procedure for doubly reinforced beams and T-beams where the flange thickness is greater than or less than the web thickness. 2. The key steps are to determine the steel area required for flexure (As or Asf), calculate the moment capacity, and then check if compression or tension steel will yield at failure. 3. Additional steps for T-beams include calculating the effective flange width, distinguishing between z>t and z<t cases, and checking for yielding of tension steel.

Uploaded by

Grace Ann Cabanban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DESIGN FOR FLEXURE :DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAMS

Given :b,d,d’, Mu ,fc’,fy


Req’d : As, As’
General Procedure
1. Solve for Ru
Mu
Ru 
 bd 2
2. Solve for p
1 2mRu
p  (1  1  )
m fy
3. Check if the beam needs compression reinforcement
0 .85 fc '  1 600
pb  pmax  0.75 pb
( 600  f y ) f y
if p > pmax then compression reinforcement is necessary
4. Solve for As1 9. Solve for fs’
As1  p max bd 600(a  1 )
d '
fs 
'

a
5. Solve for a
As1 f y Case 1
a If fs’ ≥ fy then fs’ = fy
0.85 fc' b ( compression steel yields at failure)
6. Solve for Mu1
As'  As 2
a Case 2
M u1  As1 f y (d  ) If fs’ < fy then use fs’
2 ( compression steel does not yield at failure)
7. Solve for Mu2

M u 2  M u  M u1 As 2 f y
A 
'
s
8. Solve for As2 f s'
10. Solve for As
M u2
As 2 
f y ( d  d ' ) As  As1  As 2
Problem:
Design the reinforcement of a rectangular beam to carry a factored
moment of 272 kN.m. The beam width is 250 mm,effective depth
400mm. Use fc’ = 20.7 MPa, fy = 345 MPa, d’ =60 mm.

Solution
Mu 272 (10 ) 6
Ru    7 . 55
 bd 2
0 . 9 ( 250 )( 400 ) 2

fy 345
m   19 . 61
0 . 85 fc ' 0 . 85 ( 20 . 7 )
1 2(19.61)7.55
p (1  1  )  0.0317
19.61 345
0 .85 fc '  1 600 0 .85 ( 20 .7 ) 0 .85 ( 600 )
pb    0 .0275
( 600  f y ) f y ( 600  345 )345
pmax  0.75(0.0275)  0.0206
p > pmax compression reinforcement is necessary
As1  pmax bd  0.0206 ( 250 ) 400  2060 mm 2
As1 f y 2060(345)
a   161.57mm
0.85 fc' b 0.85(20.7)250
161.57
0.9(2060)345(400 )
a 2
Mu1  As1 f y (d  )  6
 204.18kN.m
2 10
M u 2  M u  M u1  272  204.18  67.82kN.m
M u2 67 .82 (10 ) 6
As 2    642 .42 mm 2
f y ( d  d ' ) 0.9(345 )( 400  60 )
Compression
600(a  1d ' ) 600(161.57 [0.85(60)]) Steel yields
f 
s
'
  410.6MPa at failure
a 161.57

As'  As 2  642 .42 mm 2 As  As1  As 2  2060  642.42  2702.42mm2


DESIGN FOR BENDING : T-BEAMS (z > t)

Given: bw,t,Mu,d,center to center spacing of beams(assuming symmetrical


interior beam), L, fc’,fy
Required: As
1. Determine the effective flange width bf
bf = L/4
bf = bw + 16t
bf = center to center spacing of beams
Use the smallest value of bf
Note: if bf is given omit step 1
2. Solve for Asf
0.85 fc' (b f  bw )t
Asf 
fy
3. Solve for Muf
t
M uf  Asf fy (d  )
2
If Mu > Muf then design as T- beam
4. Solve for Muw Muw  Mu Muf
5. Solve for a
a
M uw   0.85 fc' abw (d  )
2
6. Solve for Asw
0.85 fc' abw
Asw 
fy
7. Solve for As
As  Asf  Asw
8. Check for yielding of tension steel

As 0.85 fc' 1 600


pw  pb 
bw d (600  f y ) f y
A sf
pf  pw max  0.75( pb  p f )  pw
bwd
Design the reinforcement of a T- beam to resist a factored moment of
750 kN.m. Properties of the T- beam are as follows : bf = 550 mm,
bw = 300 mm, d = 600 mm, t = 110 mm, fc’ = 20.7 MPa, fy = 345 MPa.

solution

0.85 fc ' (b f  bw )t 0.85(20.7)(550  300)110


Asf    1402.5mm 2
fy 345
110
0.9(1402.5)345(600  )
t 2  237.33kN .m
M uf  Asf fy (d  ) 
2 106
Mu > Muf design as T- beam

Muw  Mu  Muf  750  237.33  512.67kN.m


a
M uw   0.85 fc' abw (d  )
2
a
512 .67 (10 ) 6  ( 0 .9 ) 0 .85 ( 20 .7 )300 a ( 600  )
a2 2
107915 .8  600 a 
2
a 2  1200 a  215831 .6  0
1200  (1200 ) 2  4 ( 215831 .6 )
a  220 .3mm  110 mm
2

0 .85 fc ' ab w 0 .85 ( 20 .7 ) 220 .3(300 )


Asw    3370 .6 mm 2
fy 345

As  Asf  Asw  1402.5  3370.6  4773.1mm2


Check for yielding of tension steel

As 4773 . 1
pw    0 . 0265
b w d 300 ( 600 )
Asf 1402 . 5
pf    0 . 008
b w d 300 ( 600 )
0.85 fc' 1 600 0.85(20.7)0.85(600)
pb    0.0275
(600  f y ) f y (600  345)345

pw max  0.75( pb  p f )  0.75(0.0275 0.008)  0.0266 pw

Tension steel yields at failure


DESIGN FOR BENDING : T-BEAMS (z < t)

Given: bw,t,Mu,d,center to center spacing of beams(assuming symmetrical


interior beam), L, fc’,fy
Required: As
1. Determine the effective flange width bf
bf = L/4
bf = bw + 16t
bf = center to center spacing of beams
Use the smallest value of bf
Note: if bf is given omit step 1
2. Solve for Asf
0.85 fc' (b f  bw )t
Asf 
fy
3. Solve for Muf
t
M uf  Asf fy (d  )
2

If Mu < Muf then z < t ,design as wide rectangular beam


4. Solve for a
a
M u   0.85 fc' ab f (d  )
2
0 .85 fc ' b f a
5. Solve for As As 
fy
6. Check for yielding of tension steel
As 0.85fc' 1 600
p pb  pmax  0.75pb  p
bf d (600 f y ) f y
Problem :
A reinforced concrete T-beam with bf = 810 mm, d = 300 mm,
bw = 200 mm , t = 100 mm, fc’=20.7 MPa, fy = 414 MPa is to be
designed to carry an ultimate moment of 221 kN.m Determine the
required steel area.
solution

0.85 fc' (b f  bw )t 0.85(20.7)(810  200)100


Asf    2683.2mm2
fy 414
100
0.9(2683.2)414(300  )
t 2  249.9kN .m
M uf  Asf fy (d  ) 
2 106

Design as wide rectangular beam

a
M u   0.85 fc' ab f (d  )
2
a
221(10)  0.90.85(20.7)810a(300  )
6

2 2
a
17229.6  300a 
2
a  600a  34459.2  0
2

600  (600) 2  4(34459.2)


a  64.33mm
2
0.85 fc ' b f a 0.85( 20 .7 )(810 )64 .33
As    2214 .5mm 2
fy 414
As 2214.5 0.85(20.7)0.85600
p   0.0091 pb   0.0213
bf d 810(300) (600  414)414

pmax  0.75(0.0213)  0.016  0.0091 Tension steel yields at failure

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