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PCN Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing Material - 20

The document discusses the near field and far field zones of a transducer's sound field. The near field is the region close to the transducer where the sound pressure goes through peaks and troughs, ending at the last maximum peak at a distance N from the transducer's face. Beyond this distance N is the far field, where the sound pressure gradually decreases to zero as the beam expands and loses energy. The near field distance N can be calculated using a given formula involving the transducer's frequency, element size, and the sound velocity of the test medium.

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Kevin Huang
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84 views

PCN Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing Material - 20

The document discusses the near field and far field zones of a transducer's sound field. The near field is the region close to the transducer where the sound pressure goes through peaks and troughs, ending at the last maximum peak at a distance N from the transducer's face. Beyond this distance N is the far field, where the sound pressure gradually decreases to zero as the beam expands and loses energy. The near field distance N can be calculated using a given formula involving the transducer's frequency, element size, and the sound velocity of the test medium.

Uploaded by

Kevin Huang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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com

Figure 2-3 Areas of energy in the beam profile

The sound field of a transducer is divided into two zones: the near field
and the far field (see Figure 2-4). The near field is the region close to the
transducer where the sound pressure goes through a series of maximums
and minimums, and it ends at the last on-axis maximum at distance N
from the face. Near field distance N represents the natural focus of the
transducer.

Figure 2-4 The sound field of a transducer

The far field is the region beyond N where the sound pressure gradually
drops to zero as the beam diameter expands and its energy dissipates. The
near field distance is a function of the transducer's frequency and element
size, and the sound velocity in the test medium, and it can be calculated
for the square or rectangular
elements commonly found in phased array testing as follows:

KL² f

where:
N = near-field length
k = aspect ratio constant (see below)
L = length of element or aperture
f = frequency
C = sound velocity in test material
 = wavelength = c --
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Rev 0 Oct 2011 Page 17 of 186

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