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MANOJ CHAUHAN SIR(IIT-DELHI)

EX. SR. FACULTY (BANSAL CLASSES)
 TANGENT & NORMAL
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = (1 + x)y + sin1 (sin2x) at x = 0.

Q.2 Find the equations of the tangents drawn to the curve y2 – 2x3 – 4y + 8 = 0 from the point (1, 2).
Q.3 Find the point of intersection of the tangents drawn to the curve x2y = 1 – y at the points where it is
intersected by the curve xy = 1 – y.
Q.4 Find all the lines that pass through the point (1, 1) and are tangent to the curve represented parametrically
as x = 2t – t2 and y = t + t2.
7
Q.5 The tangent to y = ax2 + bx + at (1, 2) is parallel to the normal at the point (–2, 2) on the curve
2
y = x2 + 6x + 10. Find the value of a and b.
Q.6 A straight line is drawn through the origin and parallel to the tangent to a curve
 a  a2  y2 
x  a 2  y2  
= ln   at an arbitary point M. Show that the locus of the point P of
a y
 
intersection of the straight line through the origin & the straight line parallel to the x-axis & passing
through the point M is x2 + y2 = a2.
41x 3
Q.7 A line is tangent to the curve f (x) = at the point P in the first quadrant, and has a slope of 2009.
3
This line intersects the y-axis at (0, b). Find the value of 'b'.
Q.8 A function is defined parametrically by the equations
1 1
 2t  t 2 sin if t  0  sin t 2 if t  0
f(t) = x =  t and g(t) = y =  t
 0 if t  0  o if t  0
Find the equation of the tangent and normal at the point for t = 0 if exist.
Q.9 Find all the tangents to the curve y = cos (x + y),  2  x  2, that are parallel to the line x + 2y = 0.
Q.10 Prove that the segment of the normal to the curve x = 2a sin t + a sin t cos2t ; y =  a cos3t contained
between the co-ordinate axes is equal to 2a.
Q.11 Show that the normals to the curve x = a (cos t + t sin t) ; y = a (sin t  t cos t) are tangent lines to the
circle x2 + y2 = a2.
1
Q.12 The chord of the parabola y =  a2x2 + 5ax  4 touches the curve y = at the point x = 2 and is
1 x
bisected by that point. Find 'a'.
Q.13 If the tangent at the point (x1, y1) to the curve x3 + y3 = a3 (a  0) meets the curve again in (x2, y2) then
x y
show that 2  2 =  1.
x1 y1
1
Q.14 Determine a differentiable function y = f (x) which satisfies f ' (x) = [f(x)]2 and f (0) = – . Find also the
2

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 equation of the tangent at the point where the curve crosses the y-axis.
Q.15 Tangent at a point P1 [other than (0 , 0)] on the curve y = x3 meets the curve again at P2. The tangent at
P2 meets the curve at P3 & so on. Show that the abscissae of P1, P2, P3, ......... Pn, form a GP. Also find
area ( P1 P2 P3 )
the ratio .
area ( P2 P3 P4 )

Q.16 The curve y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + 5 , touches the x - axis at P ( 2 , 0) & cuts the y-axis at a point Q where
its gradient is 3. Find a , b , c.
Q.17 The tangent at a variable point P of the curve y = x2  x3 meets it again at Q. Show that the locus of the
middle point of PQ is y = 1  9x + 28x2  28x3.
Q.18 Sho w that t he distance from the origin of t he normal at any point o f the curve
     
x = a e  sin  2 cos  & y = a e  cos  2 sin  is twice the distance of the tangent at the point
 2 2  2 2
from the origin.
Q.19 Show that the condition that the curves x2/3 + y2/3 = c2/3 & (x2/a2) + (y2/b2) = 1 may touch if c = a + b.
Q.20 The graph of a certain function f contains the point (0, 2) and has the property that for each number 'p'
the line tangent to y = f (x) at p, f (p)  intersect the x-axis at p + 2. Find f (x).

Q.21 A curve is given by the equations x = at2 & y = at3. A variable pair of perpendicular lines through the
origin 'O' meet the curve at P & Q. Show that the locus of the point of intersection of the tangents at P &
Q is 4y2 = 3ax  a2.
Q.22 A and B are points of the parabola y = x2. The tangents at A and B meet at C. The median of the triangle
ABC from C has length 'm' units. Find the area of the triangle in terms of 'm'.

Q.23 (a) Find the value of n so that the subnormal at any point on the curve xyn = an + 1 may be constant.
(b) Show that in the curve y = a. ln (x2  a2), sum of the length of tangent & subtangent varies as the
product of the coordinates of the point of contact.
x2 y2 x2 y2
Q.24(a) Show that the curves  = 1 &  = 1 intersect orthogonally..
a 2  K1 b 2  K1 a 2  K2 b2  K2
(b) If the two curves C1 : x = y2 and C2 : xy = k cut at right angles find the value of k.
y
Q.25 Show that the angle between the tangent at any point 'A' of the curve ln (x2 + y2) = C tan–1 and the
x
line joining A to the origin is independent of the position of A on the curve.

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 MONOTONOCITY
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 Find the intervals of monotonocity for the following functions & represent your solution set on the number line.
2
(a) f(x) = 2. e x 4x (b) f(x) = ex/x (c) f(x) = x2 ex (d) f (x) = 2x2 – ln | x |
Also plot the graphs in each case & state their range.
Q.2 Let f (x) = 1 – x – x3. Find all real values of x satisfying the inequality, 1 – f (x) – f 3(x) > f (1 – 5x)
Q.3 Find the intervals of monotonocity of the functions in [0, 2]
(a) f (x) = sin x – cos x in x [0 , 2 ] (b) g (x) = 2 sinx + cos 2x in (0  x  2 ).
4 sin x  2 x  x cos x
(c) f (x) =
2  cos x
Q.4 Let f (x) be a increasing function defined on (0, ). If f (2a2 + a + 1) > f (3a2 – 4a + 1). Find the range of a.
max {f (t ) : 0  t  x} , 0  x  1
Q.5 Let f (x) = x3  x2 + x + 1 and g(x) = 
 3x ,1  x  2
Discuss the conti. & differentiability of g(x) in the interval (0,2).
Q.6 Find the set of all values of the parameter 'a' for which the function,
f(x) = sin 2x – 8(a + 1)sin x + (4a2 + 8a – 14)x increases for all x  R and has no critical points for all x  R.
Q.7 Find the greatest & the least values of the following functions in the given interval if they exist.
x  1 
(a) f (x) = sin1  ln x in  , 3  (b) f (x) = 12x4/3 – 6x1/3, x  [–1, 1]
2
x 1  3 
(c) 5 4 3
y = x – 5x + 5x + 1 in [ 1, 2]
1
Q.8 Find the values of 'a' for which the function f(x) = sin x  a sin2x  sin3x + 2ax increases throughout the
3
number line.

Q.9 If f(x) = x3 + (a - 1) x2 + 2x + 1 is monotonic increasing for every x  R then find the range

of values of ‘a’.

Q.10 Find the set of values of 'a' for which the function,
 21  4 a  a 2  3
f(x) =  1  x + 5x + 7 is increasing at every point of its domain.
a 1 
 
dg
Q.11 Let a + b = 4 , where a < 2 and let g (x) be a differentiable function. If > 0 for all x, prove that
dx
a b
 g (x) dx   g (x) dx increases as (b  a) increases.
0 0

x 1
 1
Q.12 Let f (x) = and g (x) = 1   , both f and g being defined for x > 0, then prove that
 x
f (x) is increasing and g (x) is decreasing.
Q.13 Find the value of x > 1 for which the function

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 x2
F (x) =
1  t  1  is increasing and decreasing.
 t ln  32 
 dt
x

Q.14 Find all the values of the parameter 'a' for which the function ;
f(x) = 8ax  a sin 6x  7x  sin 5x increases & has no critical points for all x  R.
Q.15 If f (x) = 2ex – ae–x + (2a + 1)x  3 monotonically increases for every x  R then find the range of values
of ‘a’.

Q.16 Prove that, x2 – 1 > 2x ln x > 4(x – 1) – 2 ln x for x > 1.

 3 
Q.17 Prove that tan2x + 6 ln secx + 2cos x + 4 > 6 sec x for x   , 2 .
 2 
Q.18 Find the set of values of x for which the inequality ln (1 + x) > x/(1 + x) is valid.
Q.19 If b > a, find the minimum value of (x  a)3+ (x  b)3, x  R.
x2
Q.20 Suppose that the function f (x) = log c is defined for all x in the interval [a, b], is monotonic
x2
decreasing. Find the value of 'c' for which there exists 'a' and 'b' (b > a > 2) such that the range of the
function is [logcc(b–1), logcc(a–1)].

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 MAXIMA - MINIMA
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 A cubic f(x) vanishes at x = 2 & has relative minimum/maximum at x = 1 and x = 1/3.
1
14
If  f ( x ) dx = 3
, find the cubic f (x).
1

x
3 2 2
Q.2 Investigate for maxima & minima for the function, f (x) =  [2 (t  1) (t  2) + 3 (t  1) (t  2) ] dt
1

Q.3 Find the greatest & least value for the function ;
(a) y = x + sin 2x , 0  x  2  (b) y = 2 cos 2x  cos 4x , 0  x  
Q.4 Suppose f(x) is a function satisfying the following conditions :
5
(i) f(0) = 2, f(1) = 1 (ii) f has a minimum value at x = and
2

2ax 2ax  1 2ax  b  1

(iii) for all x, f  (x) =
b b 1 1
2(ax  b) 2ax  2b  1 2ax  b
Where a, b are some constants. Determine the constants a, b & the function f(x).

Q.5 Suppose f(x) is real valued polynomial function of degree 6 satisfying the following conditions ;
(a) f has minimum value at x = 0 and 2
(b) f has maximum value at x = 1
f ( x)
x 1 0
1 1
(c) for all x, Limit
x0 ln 0 x 1 = 2.
x
1 0 1
x

Determine f (x).
Q.6 Find the maximum perimeter of a triangle on a given base ‘a’ and having the given vertical angle.
Q.7 The length of three sides of a trapezium are equal, each being 10 cms. Find the maximum area of such a
trapezium.
Q.8 The plan view of a swimming pool consists of a semicircle of radius r attached to a rectangle of length '2r'
and width 's'. If the surface area A of the pool is fixed, for what value of 'r' and 's' the perimeter 'P' of the
pool is minimum.
Q.9 For a given curved surface of a right circular cone when the volume is maximum, prove that the semi
vertical angle is sin1 1 .
3
6
Q.10 Of all the lines tangent to the graph of the curve y = 2 , find the equations of the tangent lines of
x 3
minimum and maximum slope.
Q.11 A statue 4 metres high sits on a column 5.6 metres high. How far from the column must a man, whose eye
level is 1.6 metres from the ground, stand in order to have the most favourable view of statue.

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Q.12 By the post office regulations, the combined length & girth of a parcel must not exceed 3 metre. Find the
volume of the biggest cylindrical (right circular) packet that can be sent by the parcel post.

Q.13 A running track of 440 ft. is to be laid out enclosing a football field, the shape of which is a rectangle with
semi circle at each end. If the area of the rectangular portion is to be maximum, find the length of its sides.
Use :  .
Q.14 A window of fixed perimeter (including the base of the arch) is in the form of a rectangle surmounted by
a semicircle. The semicircular portion is fitted with coloured glass while the rectangular part is fitted with
clean glass. The clear glass transmits three times as much light per square meter as the coloured glass
does. What is the ratio of the sides of the rectangle so that the window transmits the maximum light?
Q.15 A closed rectangular box with a square base is to be made to contain 1000 cubic feet. The cost of the
material per square foot for the bottom is 15 paise, for the top 25 paise and for the sides 20 paise. The
labour charges for making the box are Rs. 3/-. Find the dimensions of the box when the cost is minimum.
Q.16 Find the area of the largest rectangle with lower base on the x-axis & upper vertices on the
curve y = 12  x2.
Q.17 A trapezium ABCD is inscribed into a semicircle of radius l so that the base AD of the trapezium is a
diameter and the vertices B & C lie on the circumference. Find the base angle  of the trapezium ABCD
which has the greatest perimeter.

ax  b
Q.18 If y = has a turning value at (2, 1) find a & b and show that the turning value is a
(x  1) (x  4)
maximum.
Q.19 If r is a real number then find the smallest possible distance from the origin (0, 0) to the vertex of the
parabola whose equation is y = x2 + rx + 1.
Q.20 A sheet of poster has its area 18 m². The margin at the top & bottom are 75 cms and at the sides
50 cms. What are the dimensions of the poster if the area of the printed space is maximum?
x2 y 2
Q.21 A perpendicular is drawn from the centre to a tangent to an ellipse + = 1. Find the greatest value
a 2 b2
of the intercept between the point of contact and the foot of the perpendicular.

Q.22 A beam of rectangular cross section must be sawn from a round log of diameter d. What should the
width x and height y of the cross section be for the beam to offer the greatest resistance (a) to compression;
(b) to bending. Assume that the compressive strength of a beam is proportional to the area of the cross
section and the bending strength is proportional to the product of the width of section by the square of its
height.
Q.23 What are the dimensions of the rectangular plot of the greatest area which can be laid out within a triangle
of base 36 ft. & altitude 12 ft ? Assume that one side of the rectangle lies on the base of the triangle.

Q.24 The flower bed is to be in the shape of a circular sector of radius r & central angle . If the area is fixed
& perimeter is minimum, find r and .

Q.25 The circle x2 + y2 = 1 cuts the x-axis at P & Q. Another circle with centre at Q and varable radius
intersects the first circle at R above the x-axis & the line segment PQ at S. Find the maximum area of
the triangle QSR.

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 ANSWER KEY
TANGENT & NORMAL
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 x+y–1=0 Q.2  
2 3 x  y = 2 3  1 or 2 3 x + y = 2 3  1  
Q.3 (0, 1) Q.4 x = 1 when t = 1, m  ; 5x – 4y = 1 if t  1, t = 1/3
5 82 ·7 3
Q.5 a = 1, b = Q.7 –
2 3
Q.8 T : x – 2y = 0 ; N : 2x + y = 0 Q.9 x + 2 y = /2 & x + 2 y =  3 /2

1
Q.12 a = 1 Q.14 – ; x – 4y = 2 Q.15 1/16 Q.16 a =  1/2 ; b =  3/4 ; c = 3
x2
m m
Q.20 2e–x/2 Q.22 Q.23 (a) n =  2
2
1 2
Q.24 (b) ± Q.25  = tan–1
2 2 C
*************************************

MONOTONOCITY
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 (a) I in (2 , ) & D in ( , 2) (b) I in (1 , ) & D in (  , 0)  (0 , 1)
(c) I in (0, 2) & D in ( , )  (2 , )
1 1 1 1
(d) I for x > or  < x < 0 & D for x <  or 0 < x <
2 2 2 2
Q.2 (–2, 0)  (2, )

Q.3 (a) I in [0, 3/4)  (7/4 , 2 ] & D in (3/4 , 7 /4)

(b) I in [0 , /6)  (/2 , 5/6)  (3/2 , 2 ] & D in (/6 , /2)  (5/6, 3 /2)]
(c) I in [0, /2)  (3/2, 2] and D in (/2, 3/2)
Q.4 (0, 1/3)  (1, 5) Q.5 continuous but not diff. at x = 1 Q.6 a <  2  5   or a > 5
Q.7 (a) (/6)+(1/2)ln 3, (/3) – (1/2)ln 3
(b) Maximum at x = 1 and f (–1) = 18; Minimum at x = 1/8 and f (1/8) = – 9/4
(c) 2 & 10
Q.8 [1, ) Q.9 a  (– , – 3]  [1 , ) Q.10 [ 7,  1)  [2, 3]
Q.13  in (3, ) and  in (1, 3) Q.14 (6, ) Q.15 a  0
1
Q.18 ( 1, 0)  (, ) Q.19 (b  a)3/4 Q.20 0<c<
9
*************************************

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 MAXIMA - MINIMA
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 f (x) = x3 + x2  x + 2 Q.2 max. at x = 1 ; f(1) = 0 , min. at x = 7/5 ; f(7/5) =  108/3125
Q.3 (a) Max at x = 2 , Max value = 2 , Min. at x = 0 , Min value = 0
(b) Max at x = /6 & also at x = 5 /6 and
Max value = 3/2 , Min at x = /2 , Min value =  3
1 5 1
Q.4 a= ; b =  ; f(x) = (x2  5x + 8)
4 4 4
2 6 12 5 
Q.5 f (x) = x  x + 2x4 Q.6 Pmax = a  1  cos ec  Q.7 75 3 sq. units
3 5  2
2A 2A
Q.9 r= ,s = Q.10 3x + 4y – 9 = 0 ; 3x – 4y + 9 = 0
 4  4
Q.11 4 2 m Q.12 1/ cu m
Q.13 110 ' , 70 ' Q.14 6/(6 + ) Q.15 side 10', height 10'
Q.16 32 sq. units Q.17  = 600 Q.18 a = 1, b = 0
3
Q.19 dmin = when r = 2 or – 2
2
Q.20 width 2 3 m, length 3 3 m Q.21 a  b
d d 2
Q.22 (a) x = y = , (b) x = , y= d Q.23 6' × 18'
2 3 3
4
Q.24 r = A ,  = 2 radians Q.25
3 3

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