GR 10 Arithmetic Progressions Practice Worksheet - 2 Answer Key
GR 10 Arithmetic Progressions Practice Worksheet - 2 Answer Key
1. How many terms of the arithmetic progression 12, 18, 24...... must be taken so that their sum is 210?
Sol. Given arithmetic progression is 12, 18, 24. . . .
Here, a = 12, d = 6, S n = 210
n
(2 × (12) + (n − 1) × 6) = 210
2
n
2
(24 + 6 n − 6) = 210
n
2
(18 + 6 ) = 210 n
n (18 + 6n) = 420
18n + 6n − 420 = 0
2
n + 3n − 70 = 0
2
(n + 10) × (n − 7) = 0
n = −10, 7
∴ n = 7
Report Problem
2. If the sum of the first 14 terms of an arithmetic progression is 406 and its first term is 3. Find the 12th term of the progression.
Sol. Given, S = 406 14
a=3
(2a + 13d)
14
406 =
2
Report Problem
3. Find the number of terms of the arithmetic progression 56,60,64..... so that the sum is 560.
Sol. Given Arithmetic P rogression is 56, 60, 64. . . . . .
S n = 560
Here a = 56, d = 4
S n = n (2a + (n − 1)d)
2
n
=
2
(2(56) + ( n − 1)(4)) = 560
= n(112 + 4n − 4) = 1120
n + 27n − 280 = 0
2
(n + 35)(n − 8) = 0
n = −35, n = 8
∴ n = 8
Report Problem
4. Find the number of terms in the arithmetic progression of series 63,60,57..... so that their sum is 693?
Sol. Given Arithmetic P rogression is 63, 60, 57. . . . . .
Here, a = 63, d = −3
S n = 693 = n (2(63) + (n − 1)(−3))
2
1386 = n(126 − 3n + 3)
1386 = n(129 − 3n)
3n 2
n + 1386 = 0
− 129
n − 43n + 462 = 0
2
(n − 21)(n − 22) = 0
n = 21
n = 22
Report Problem
5. Find the sum of all the multiples of 9 lying between 400 and 800.
Sol. Multiples of 9 lying between 400 and 800 are 405, 414, 423. . . . . 792
here, a = 405, d = 9, t n = 792
t n −a
n= d
+1 =
792−405
9
+1
n=
387
+ 1 = 44
9
S 44 =
44
2
(2(405) + 43(9))
Report Problem
6. Find the sum of all the multiples of 4 lying between 3000 and 3490.
Sol. Multiples of 4 lying between 3000 and 3490 is 3004, 3008, 3016. . . . 3488
Here, a = 3004, d = 4, t n = 3488
t n −a
n= d
+1
3488−3004 484
= +1 = + 1 = 122
4 4
S 122 =
122
2
(2(3004) + 121(4))
Report Problem
t = 38 + 4 = 42
2
t = 57 + 4 = 61
3
t = 76 + 4 = 80
4
2
(2 (23) + 49 (19))
Report Problem
t = 14 + 9 = 23
2
t = 21 + 9 = 30
3
t = 28 + 9 = 37
4
2
(2 (16) + 24 (7))
25
= (32 + 168)
2
25
= × 200 = 2500
2
∴ d = 7, S 25 = 2500
Report Problem
n (48 − 4n + 4) = 144
n (52 − 4n) = 144
13 n − n = 36 2
n − 13n + 36 = 0
2
n − 9n − 4n + 36 = 0
2
(n − 9) (n − 4) = 0
n = 9
or
n=4
Report Problem
1300−1102
= +1
2
198
= + 1 = 99 + 1 = 100
2
S 100 =
100
2
(2 (1102) + 99 (2))
= 50 (2204 + 198)
= 50 (2402) = 120100
Report Problem
75
= (2 + (74)2)
2
75
= 2[1 + 74]
2
= 75 × 75 = 5625
Report Problem
12. Find the sum of the series -1+2 + 5 + 8 + ...... +185
Sol. −1 + 2 + 5 + 8+. . . . . . 185
Here, a = −1, d = 3, t n = 185
t n −a
n= d
+1
185−(−1)
= +1
3
186
= +1
3
= 62 + 1
n = 63
S =
63
63 (2(−1) + 62 (3))
2
63
= (−2 + 186)
2
63
= (184) = 5796
2
Report Problem
921−(−6)
= +1
9
927
= +1
9
= 103 + 1 = 104
S 104 =
104
2
(2 (−6) + 103 (9))
Report Problem
−45−31
= +1
−4
−76
= +1
−4
= 19 + 1 = 20
S 20 =
20
2
(2 (31) + 19 (−4))
= 10 (62 − 76)
= 10 (−14) = −140
Report Problem
−245+5
= +1
−4
−240
= +1
−4
= 60 + 1 = 61
S 61 =
61
2
(2 (−5) + 60 (−4))
61
= (−10 − 240)
2
61
= (−250) = −7625
2
Report Problem
114−2
= +1
4
112
= + 1 = 28 + 1 = 29
4
S
29
29 = [2 (2) + 28 (4)]
2
29
= (4 + 112)
2
29
= (116) = 1682
2
Report Problem
17. How many terms of the arithmetic progression 9,6,3,0,-3..... will be needed to get the sum -216.
Sol. Given arithmetic progression is 9, 6, 3, 0, −3. . . . . .
Here, a = 9, d = −3, S n = −216
n
(2 (9) + (n − 1) (−3)) = −216
2
n (18 − 3n + 3) = −432
7n − n = −144 2
n − 7n − 144 = 0
2
n − 16n + 9n − 144 = 0
2
n (n − 16) + 9 (n − 16) = 0
n = 16 or n = −9
n ≠ − 9 (number of terms cannot be negative)
so n = 16
Report Problem
18. How many terms of the series 18,15,12....should be taken so that their sum is zero.
Sol. a = 18, d = −3, S n = 0
n
2
(2 a + (n − 1)d) = S n
n
2
(2(18) + ( n − 1) (−3)) = 0
n(36 + 3 − 3n) = 0
39 − 3 n=0
39 = 3 n
n=
39
= 13
3
Report Problem
2
, −5, −
9
2
are needed to get the sum 0.
.......
Sol. Given arithmetic progression is − 6, − 11
2
, −5, −
9
2
.....
a = −6, d = − 11
2
− (−6) =
1
Sn = 0
n
2
(2 a + (n − 1)d) = 0
n
2
(2 (−6) + ( n − 1) 1
2
) = 0
n n 1
(−12 + − ) = 0
2 2 2
n −25 n
( + ) = 0
2 2 2
n = 0 or n = 25
n ≠ 0
then,
n = 25
Report Problem
20. Find the sum of all 3 digit natural numbers divisible by 11.
Sol. 3 digit natural numbers divisible by 11 are 110, 121, 132. . . . . 990.
Here a = 110, d = 11, t n = 990
t n −a
n= d
+1
990−110
= +1
11
880
= +1
11
= 80 + 1 = 81
S 81 =
81
2
(2 a + 80d)
81
= (220 + 880)
2
81
= × 1100
2
= 44, 550
Report Problem
Sol. S n = 7n − 4n 2
S = 7−4 = 3
1
S = 28 − 8 = 20
2
S = 63 − 12 = 51
3
t = S = 3
1 1
t = S − S = 20 − 3 = 17
2 2 1
t = S − S = 51 − 20 = 31
3 3 2
t , t , t . . . . . . 3, 17, 31. . . . . . . .
1 2 3
Here, a = 3, d = 14
t n = a + (n − 1)d = 199
a + (n − 1)14 = 199
3 + 14n − 14 = 199
14n = 210
n = 15
Report Problem
S = 3 − 4 = −1 = t
1 1
S = 12 − 8 = 4
2
S = 27 − 12 = 15
3
t = S −S = 4+1 = 5
2 2 1
t = S − S = 15 − 4 = 11
3 3 2
Required arithmetic progression is − 1, 5, 11. . . . .
Here a = −1, d = 6
t = a + 11d = −1 + 11 (6)
12
= −1 + 66 = 65
Report Problem
23. Find three terms of an arithmetic progression whose sum is 21 and sum of squares is 179.
Sol. Let the 3 terms in an AP be a − d, a and a + d
T hen a − d + a + a + d = 21
3a = 21
a=7
Also (a − d) + a + (a + d) = 179
2 2 2
( a − d) 2
+ a 2
+( a + d) 2
= 179
49 − 14d + d + 49 + 49 + 14d + d 2 2
= 179
147 + 2d = 179
2
2d = 32
2
d = 16
2
d = ±4
⇒ When a = 7, d = 4
Required AP is 11, 7, 3. . . . . . . . .
Report Problem
24. The sum of 3 numbers in an arithmetic progression is 21 and their product is 315. Find the numbers.
Sol. Let the 3 terms of the arithmetic progression be
a − d, a, a + d
Given that
a − d + a + a + d = 21
3a = 21
a=7
Also
(a − d)a(a + d) = 315
( a 2
− d )a = 315
2
(7
2
− d 2
)7 = 315
49 − d 2
= 45
d = 49 − 45 = 4
2
d = ±2
∴ T he 3 numbers of the arithmetic progression are 5, 7, 9 or 9, 7, 5 when a = 7 and d = ±2
Report Problem
25. Find four numbers in an arithmetic progression whose sum is 20 and the sum of squares is 120.
Sol. Let the terms of the arithmetic progression be
a=5
Also
2 2
( a − 3d) +( a − d) +( a + d) 2
+( a + 3d) 2
= 120
2 2
(5 − 3 d) + (5 − d) + (5 + d) 2
+ (5 + 3 d) 2
= 120
25 − 30 d + 9d 2
+ 25 − 10 d+d 2
+ 25 + 10 d+d 2
d + 9d
+ 25 + 30
2
= 120
20 d 2
= 20
d = ±1
Required numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8 or 8, 6, 4, 2 when a = 5 and d = ±1
Report Problem
26. Find five numbers which are in arithmetic progression whose sum is 25 and sum of squares is 135.
Sol. Let the 5 terms of the arithmetic progression be
a=5
Also
2 2
( a − 2d) +( a − d) + a 2
+(a + d) 2
+( a + 2d) 2
= 135
2 2
(5 − 2 d) + (5 − d) +5
2
+ (5 + d) 2
+ (5 + 2 d) 2
= 135
25 − 20 d + 4d 2
+ 25 − 10 d+d 2
+ 25 + (25 + 10 d+d 2
d + 4d
) + 25 + 20
2
= 135
125 + 10 d 2
= 135
10d = 10 2
d = ±1
Required numbers are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 when a = 5 and d = ±1
Report Problem
27. The sum of three numbers in an arithmetic progression is 21 and their product is 231. Find the numbers.
Sol. Let the 3 terms of the arithmetic progression be
a − d, a, a + d
Given that
a − d + a + a + d = 21
3a = 21
a=7
Also
(a − d)a(a + d) = 231
( a 2
− d )a = 231
2
(7
2
− d 2
)7 = 231
49 − d 2
= 33
d = 49 − 33 = 16
2
d = ±4
T he three numbers of the arithmetic progression are 3 , 7 , 11 or 11 , 7 , 3 when a = 7 and d = ±4
Report Problem
28. The sum of 3 numbers in an arithmetic progression is 3 and their product is -35. Find the numbers.
Sol. Let the 3 terms of the arithmetic progression be
a − d, a, a + d
Given that
a−d+a+a+d = 3
3a = 3
a=1
Also,
(a − d)a(a + d) = −35
( a 2
− d )a = −35
2
1− d = −35 2
d = 36
2
d = ±6
T he 3 numbers of the arithmetic progression are − 5, 1, 7 or 7, 1, −5 when a = 1 and d = ±6
Report Problem
29. A class consists of a number of boys whose ages are in arithmetic progression, the common difference being 4 months. If the youngest boy is just 8 years old and if the sum of the ages
is 168 years. Find the number of boys in the class?
Sol. T he ages of the boys in class are 8, 8 , 8 , 9. . . . . 4
12
8
12
It is an Ap with a = 8years.
d = 8 − 8 = years1
3
1
Let the number of boys in class be n
S n = n (2a + (n − 1)d) = 168
2
n
2
(16 + ( n − 1) 1
3
) = 168
n (48 + n − 1) = 1008
n + 47n − 1008 = 0
2
(n − 16) (n + 63) = 0
n = 16, −63
n is not equal to 63
n = 16
Report Problem
30. The houses of a row are numbered consecutively from 1 to 49, there is a value of x such that the sum of the numbers of the houses preceeding the house numbered x is equal to the sum
of the number of the houses numbered following it. Find the value of x?
Sol. T he house numbers are in AP with first term a = 1, d = 1
T hen, sum of the numbers of houses preceedig the house numbered x = sum of the number of houses upto the house numbered x − 1. . . . . (1)
x−1 x−1 x(x−1)
Sx −1 =
2
(2 a + ((x − 1) − 1)d) = 2
x − 2))1) =
(2 + ((
2
X(x+1)
S 49 − SX = 1225 −
2
Sum of numbers the house following the house numbered x
F rom (1)
Sx = S − Sx
−1 49
x(x−1) x(x+1)
= 1225 −
2 2
x 2
− x = 2450 − x 2
− x
2 x 2
= 2450
x = 1225
2
x = 35
Report Problem
31. How many terms of the arithmetic progression 18, 16, 14,......... should be taken so that their sum is zero ?
Sol. Given arithmetic progression is 18, 16, 14, . . . . . . . .
Here a = 18 ; d = − 2 ; S n = 0
n
[2(18) + (n − 1)(−2)] = 0
2
n[36 − 2n + 2] = 0
n[38 − 2n] = 0
n = 0 or 19
n cannot be zero, so n = 19
Report Problem
32. How many terms of the arithmetic progression 9, 17, 25,........ must be taken to get a sum of 450 ?
Sol. Given arithmetic progression is 9, 17, 25, . . . . . .
S n = 450 ; a = 9 ; d = 8
n
450 =
2
[2(9) + ( n − 1)8]
900 = [18 + 8 n n − 8]
900 = [10 + 8 ] n n
8n 2
+ 10n − 900 = 0
4n 2
+5 n − 450 = 0
4n + 45n − 40n − 450 = 0
2
n = 10 or −
45
33. The sum of first 8 terms of an arithmetic progression is 140 and the sum of first 24 terms is 996. Find the arithmetic progression.
Sol. Given, S = 140 ; S = 996 ;
8 24
S 8 =
8
2
[2 a + 7d]
8
2
[2 a + 7d] = 140
S 24 =
24
2
[2 a + 23d]
24
2
[2 a + 23d] = 996
Solving (1) and (2) we get
2 a + 7d = 35
2 a + 23d = 83
− 16 d = − 48
d = 3
solving we get
a = 7
Required arithmetic progression is 7, 10, 13, . . . . . . . . . .
Report Problem
2
[2 a + 4d] = 160
23 = 9a a + 36d
7 a − 18d = 0 → (2)
Solving(1) and (2) we get
32 d = 224
d = 7
a + 2d = 32
a = 18
T he required arithmetic progression is
18 , 25 , 32 , . . . . . . . . . .
Report Problem
( a + 2d) + (a + 6d) = 6
2 a + 8d = 6
a + 4d = 3 → (1)
( a + 2d)(a + 6d) = 8
( a + 2d + 2d − 2d)(a + 4d + 2d) = 8
(3 − 2 d)(3 + 2d) = 8
2
3
2
− (2 d) = 8
9−4 d 2
= 8
d 2
=
1
d = ± 1
Substituting in the equation (1), we get
When, d = 1
2
then, a + 4 ( 1
2
) = 3
a = 1
When, d = − 1
2
then, a − 4 ( 1
2
) = 3
a = 5
T hen, S a + 15d]
16
16 = [2
2
S 16 = 8[2 a + 15d]
When a = 1, d = 1
S 16 = 8 [2 +
15
2
]
S = 76
16
S
15
16 = 8 [10 − ]
2
S
5
16 = 8 [ ]
2
S 16 = 20
Report Problem
36. How many terms of the arithmetic progression 9, 17, 25, ............ must be taken to give a sum of 636?
Sol. Given, arithmetic progression 9, 17, 25, . . . . . . . . . .
S = 636
a = 9 , d = 17 − 9 = 8 , S = 636
S = n [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
n
636 =
2
[18 + ( n − 1)8]
1272 = [18 + 8 n n − 8]
1272 = [10 + 8 ] n n
8n + 10n − 1272 = 0
2
4n + 5n − 636 = 0
2
n = 12 or − 13.25
Hence the number of terms are 12.
Report Problem
37. Consider the arithmetic progression 54, 51, 48,............, 24.
Find the number of terms of the arithmetic progression.
Find their sum.
Sol. Given, arithmetic progression is 54, 51, 48, . . . . . . . 24
a = 54, t n = 24, d = − 3;
t n −a
n = d
+ 1
n=
24−54
+1
−3
n= −30
−3
+1
n = 11
S 11 =
11
2
[2(54) + 10(−3)]
S 11 =
11
2
[108 − 30]
S 11 = 429
Report Problem
10
2
(2 a + 9d) = −80
2 a + 9d = −16 → (1)
S 20
=
20
2
(2 a + 19d)
a + 19d) = −360
20
(2
2
Report Problem
S = −5 + 7 = 2
1
S = −5 (4) + 7 × 2 = −6
2
S = −5 (9) + 7 × 3 = −24
3
t = S = 2
1 1
t = S − S = −6 − 2 = −8
2 2 1
t = S − S = −24 + 6 = −18
3 3 2
t = 2 − 140
15
t = −138
15
Report Problem
40. The sum of first three terms of the arithmetic progression is 45. If the product of the first and third term exceeds the second by 201.
Find the arithmetic progression.
Sol. Let the three terms be a − d, a, a + d
GIven,
a − d + a + a + d = 45
3a = 45
a = 15
Also,
(a − d) (a + d) − a = 201
a 2
d − a = 201
−
2
15 d − 15 = 201
2
−
2
225 − 15 − d = 201
2
d =92
d = ±3
When a = 15; d = 3
Required arithmetic progression is 12, 15, 18. . . .
When a = 15; d = −3
Required arithmetic progression is18, 15, 12. . . . .
Report Problem
t n = 107
S = 4−1 = 3
1
S = 4(2) − 2 = 14
2
2
S = 4(3) − 3 = 33
3
2
t = S = 3
1 1
t = S − S = 14 − 3 = 11
2 2 1
t = S − S = 33 − 14 = 19
3 3 2
n=
107−3
+1
8
n= 104
8
+1
n = 13 + 1
n = 14
t 21 a
= + ( n − 1)d
t 21
= 3 + 20(8)
t 21 = 3 + 160
t 21 = 163
Report Problem
S 4 =
4
2
(2 a + 3d)
4
2
(2 a + 3d) = 24
2 a + 3d = 12 → (2)
Solving (1) and (2) we get,
a + 11d = −13
2a + 3d = 12
19d = −38
d = −2
a + 11 (−2) = −13
a − 22 = −13
a=9
S = (2 (9) + 9 (−2))
10
10
2
S 10 = 5 × (18 − 18)
S 10 = 0
Report Problem
43. Each year a tree grows 5 cm less than it did in the preceeding year. If it grew by 1m in the first year, in how many years will it cease growing?
Sol. Growth of a tree in 1st year = 1m = 100cm
In the second year = 95cm
3rd year = 90cm
n= 0−100
−5
+1
n = 21
Report Problem
44. The sum of the first 9 terms of an arithmetic progression is 81 and that of the first 17 terms is 289. Find the sum of the first 'n' terms.
Sol. S 9 = 81
S a + 8d)
9
9 = (2
2
a + 8d) = 81
9
(2
2
2a + 8d = 18 → (1)
S = 289
17
S a + 16d)
17
17 = (2
2
a + 16d) = 289
17
(2
2
d = 2
a=1
S n = n (2a + (n − 1)d)
2
n
Sn =
2
(2 + ( n − 1)2)
n
Sn =
2
(2 + 2 n − 2)
n
Sn =
2
n
( 2 )
Sn = n 2
Report Problem
8 a + 28d = 36 → (1)
a+9d 1
=
a+16d 2
2 a + 18d = a + 16d
a = −2d → (2)
− 16 d + 28d = 36
12 d = 36
d=3
Substituting in (2) we get
∴ a = −2 × 3 = −6
th
⇒ 13 term = a + 12d
th
13 term = −6 + 12 (3)
th
∴ 13 term = 30
Report Problem
2 a (m − n) + [(m 2
− n 2
d − (m − n)d] = 0
)
(m − n) [2a + (m + n − 1)d] = 0
2a + (m + n − 1)d = 0
m+n
Sm +n =
2
(2a + (m + n − 1)d)
m+n
Sm +n = (
2
)×0
Sm +n = 0
Report Problem
47. Find the sum of all three digit numbers that leave a remainder 2 when divided by 7.
Sol. Arithmetic progression is 100, 107, 114. . . . . 996
a = 100
d=7
t n = a + (n − 1)d
996 = 100 + (n − 1)7
896 = (n − 1)7
896 = 7n − 7
n = 129
S n = n (a + t n )
2
Sn
129
= (100 + 996)
2
Sn =
129
2
(1096)
Sn = 70692
Report Problem
48. 200 logs are stacked in the following order, 20 logs at the bottoim of the row, 19 in the next row, 18 in the row next to it and so on.
In how many rows are the 200 ,logs placed?
How many logs are there in the top row?
Sol. Arrangement of the logs are 20, 19, 18. . . .
a = 20
d = −1
Let the number of rows be n
S n = 200
n
(2a + (n − 1)d) = 200
2
n
2
(40 + ( n − 1) (−1)) = 200
n − 41n + 400 = 0
2
(n − 16) (n − 25) = 0
n = 16 or 25
t = a + 15d = 20 + 15 (−1) = 5
16
S n of 1st AP
n+7
=
S n of 2nd AP 3n+1
n
(2 a n
+( −1) d )
2
1 1
n+7
n =
(2 a n
+( −1) d )
3 +1 n
2 2
2
2 a 1
+( −1) n d 1 n+7
=
2 a 2
+( −1) n d 2
n
3 +1
d1
a +( −1) n
1
2 n+7
= → (1)
d2 n
3 +1
a 2
+( −1) n
2
a 1
+6 d 1 20 1
= =
a 2
+6 d 2
40 2
⇒ 1 : 2
Report Problem
a + 3d = − 21 → (1)
Solving (1) & (2) we have,
4 a + 12d = − 84
4 a + 33d = 0
− 21d = − 84
d = 4
a + 12 = − 21
a = − 33
S
20
20 = [2(−33) + 19(4)]
2
= 10[−66 + 76]
= 100
Report Problem
n
times the sum of the first 'n' odd natural numbers?
)
Sol. F irst 'n' odd natural numbers are
1, 3, 5, 7, . . . . . . . . .
n
Sn =
2
(2 (1) + ( n − 1)2)
n
=
2
(2 + 2 n − 2)
= n → (1) 2
F irst 'n' even natural numbers are
2, 4, 6, 8. . . . . . .
n
Sn =
2
(2(2) + ( n − 1)2)
n
Sn =
2
(4 + 2 n − 2)
n
Sn =
2
(2 + 2 ) n
S n = n (n + 1) → (2)
F rom (1) and (2)
n(n + 1) = (1 + 1
n
) n 2
⇒ n 2
+ n = n (n + 1)
Report Problem
52. If the sum of the first 'm' terms of an arithmetic progression is 'n' and the sum of the first 'n' terms is 'm', then
find the sum of the first (m + n) terms.
Sol. Given,
Sm = n
S m = m (2a + (m − 1)d)
2
m
2
(2 a + (m − 1)d) = n → (1)
Sn = m
n
Sn =
2
(2 a + (n − 1)d)
n
2
(2 a + (n − 1)d) = m → (2)
( m+n)
Sm +n =
2
(2 a + (m + n − 1)d) → (A)
Solving (1) and (2) we get,
2am + m (m − 1)d = 2n
2 an + n (n − 1)d = 2m
2a (m − n) + [(m 2
− n 2
)−( m − n)]d = 2 (n − m)
2a + (m + n − 1)d = −2. . . . . . . . . . . . . (3)
Substituting (3) in (A)
m+n
Sm +n =
2
(−2)
Sm +n = −( m + n)
Report Problem
n
S 2
=
2
2
[2 a + (2n − 1)d]
n
S a + (3n − 1)d]
3
3 = [2
2
n n
S 2 − S 1 =
2
2
[2 a + (2n − 1)d] − 2
[2 a + (n − 1)d]
n
S 2 − S 1 =
2
(4a + 4nd − 2d − 2a − nd + d)
n
S 2 − S 1 =
2
(2a + (3n − 1)d)
n
S S a + (3n − 1)d) → (1)
3
3( 2 − 1) = (2
2
n
S a + (3n − 1)d) → (2)
3
3 = (2
2
Report Problem
q
t p = a + (p − 1)d
a + (p − 1)d = 1
q
→ (1)
tq = 1
p
t q = a + (q − 1)d
a + (q − 1)d = 1
p
→ (2)
q
−
1
p
= ( p − 1)d − (q − 1)d
p−q
pq
= d (p − q)
d= 1
pq
Substituting in (1)
a= 1
pq
pq
S pq = 2
(2 (
1
pq
)+( pq − 1) ( pq )) 1
pq pq
S pq = 2
(
pq
2
+
pq
−
1
pq
)
pq
S pq = 2
(
pq
1
+ 1)
pq pq+1
S pq = 2
(
pq )
S pq = 1
2
(pq + 1)
Report Problem
81 − d 2
= 56
d = ±5
when a = 9 d = 5 arithmetic progression is 4 , 9 , 14
when a = 9 d = −5 arithmetic progression is 14 , 9 , 4
Report Problem
n + 2n − 10200 = 0
2
Report Problem
57. Find the 60th term of the A. P. 8, 10, 12, … … . ,
if it has a total of 60 terms, also find the sum
of its last 10 terms.
Sol. Consider the A. P. 8, 10, 12, . . . . .
First term 'a' = 8 and common difference 'd' = 10 − 8 = 2
n th term = a + (n − 1)d
th
⇒ 60 term = 8 + (59 × 2)
th
⇒ 60 term = 8 + 118
th
⇒ 60 term = 126
Number of terms = 60 (given)
Sum of the last 10 terms = S 10
st th
⇒ Sum of the last 10 terms = The sum of the 51 term to 60 term.
st
51 term = 8 + (50 × 2)
st
⇒ 51 term = 8 + 100
st
⇒ 51 term = 108
S
10
⇒ 10 = [2 (108) + (10 − 1)2]
2
⇒ S 10
= 5 [216 + 18]
⇒ S 10 = 5 [234]
⇒ S 10 = 1170
Report Problem
58. If the n th term of an A. P. is (2n + 1), find the sum of first
n terms of the A. P.
Sol. Given that the n th term of an A. P. is (2n + 1).
i. e a n = (2n + 1)
⇒ a = (2 × 1 + 1)
1
⇒ a = (2 + 1)
1
⇒ a = 3
1
So, the given sequence is an A. P. with first term a 1 = 3
⇒ Sn = n 2
n
(2 + 4)
n
⇒ Sn = 2
2
n
( + 2)
⇒ Sn = n (n + 2)
Hence, the sum of first n terms of the A. P. is n (n + 2).
Report Problem
59. The sum of first six terms of an arithmetic progression is 42. The ratio of its 10th term to its 30th term is 1 : 3. Calculate the first and the thirteenth
Sol. Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of
the given A. P.
Then, S = 42
6
⇒ 42 =
6
2
a
{2 + (6 − 1) } d
⇒ 84 = 6 {2 + 5 a d}
a d
84
⇒ {2 + 5 } =
6
a d
⇒ {2 + 5 } = 14 → (1)
Given that a 10 a
: 30 = 1 : 3
a + 9d 1
⇒ =
a + 29d 3
a d
⇒ 3 ( + 9 ) = a + 29d
⇒ 3a + 27d = a + 29d
⇒ 2a = 2d
⇒ a = d → (2)
⇒ 7a = 14
⇒ a =
14
⇒ a = 2
∴ a = d = 2
Therefore, a = a + 12d 13
⇒ a = 2 + 12 × 2
13
⇒ a = 2 + 24
13
⇒ a = 26
13
Report Problem
60. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which are divisible by 7.
Sol. The smallest and the largest numbers of three digits, which
are divisible by 7 are 105 and 994 respectively.
So, the sequence of three digit numbers which are divisible
by 7 are 105, 112, 119, . . . , 994.
It is an A. P. with first term a = 105 and
commom difference d = 7.
Let there be n terms in this sequence.
Then, a n = 994
⇒ a + (n − 1)d = 994
n
⇒ ( − 1)7 = 994 − 105
n
⇒ ( − 1)7 = 889
⇒ n − 1 = 889
⇒ n − 1 = 127
⇒ n = 127 + 1
⇒ n = 128
Required sum = n 2
a n
{2 + ( − 1 ) }d
⇒ Required sum = 128
2
{2 × 105 + (128 − 1)7}
Required sum =
128
⇒ {210 + 127 × 7}
2
Hence, the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which are
divisible by 7 is 70336.
Report Problem
61. How many terms of the series 54, 51, 48, ...be taken so that their sum is 513? Explain the double answer.
Sol. The given sequence is an A. P. with first term a = 54 .
common difference :
51 − 54 = −3.
48 − 51 = − 3
So, d = − 3
Let the sum of n terms be 513.
i. e s n = 513
n
⇒ {2a + (n − 1)d} = 513
2
n
⇒
2
{2 × 54 + ( n − 1) (−3)} = 513
n
⇒
2
{108 + ( n − 1) (−3)} = 513
n
⇒
3
2
{36 − + 1} = 513n
n
⇒
3
2
{37 − } = 513 n
⇒ 3 n {37 − n} = 1026
⇒ n {37 − n} = 1026
⇒ n 2
n − 37 + 342 = 0
⇒ n = 18 or 19
⇒ a = 54 + 18 × − 3
19
⇒ a = 54 − 54
19
⇒ a = 019
Thus the sum of 18 terms as well as that of 19 terms is 513.
Report Problem
th
Find its 25 term.
Sol. Let Sn denote the sum of n terms of an A. P. whose n th term is a n .
n 2
n
Sn =
3 5
+
2 2
n n
2
3 ( − 1) 5 ( − 1)
⇒ Sn − 1 =
2
+
2
n n
2
n 2
n 3 ( − 1) 5 ( − 1)
Sn − Sn
3 5
∴ − 1 = ( + ) − ( + )
2 2 2 2
n 2
n n
3 ( − 1)
2
n
5 ( − 1)
Therefore, a n = (
3 5
+ ) − ( + )
2 2 2 2
⇒ an = 3
2
( n 2
− ( − 1)n 2
) +
5
2
n
( − ( − 1)) n
an = n
3 5
⇒ ( 2 − 1) +
2 2
⇒ a 25 =
3
2
( 2 × 25 − 1) +
5
⇒ a 25 =
3
2
(49) +
5
⇒ a 25 = 76
63. If the m th term of an A. P . is n and the n th term is m , show that the sum of mn term is
1 1 1
2
mn + 1).
(
Sol. Let a be first term and d be the common difference of the given A. P.
Then, a m = n 1
an = m 1
m − n
⇒ ( m − n)d =
mn
⇒ d = mn 1
a + (m − 1) mn = n 1 1
⇒ a + n − mn = n
1 1 1
⇒ a = mn 1
∴ Smn = mn 2
a
{2 + ( mn − 1)d}
⇒ Smn = mn 2
{
mn
2
+ ( mn − 1) × mn } 1
⇒ Smn =
1
2
( mn + 1)
Hence, the sum of mn terms is 1
2
mn + 1).
(
Report Problem
64. How many terms of the A.P. 63, 60, 57, .............. must be taken so that their sum is 693?
Sol. The given A. P. is 63, 60, 57, . . . . . . .
a = 63 and Sn = 693 .
Common difference (d) :
60 − 63 = − 3
57 − 60 = − 3
So, d = − 3
Sn = n ((2a) + (n − 1)d)
2
n
⇒ 693 =
2
n
(2 × 63 + ( − 1) (−3))
⇒ 3 n − 129n + 1386 = 0
2
⇒ n − 43n + 462 = 0
2
⇒ n = 22, n = 21
⇒ S 21 =
21
2
[(126) − 60]
⇒ S 21 =
21
2
[66]
⇒ S = 21 × 33
21
⇒ S = 693
21
S = {a + a }
22
22
2
22
⇒ a 22 = 63 − 63
⇒ a 22 = 0
S 22 =
22
2
{63 + 0}
⇒ S = 693
22
Report Problem
65. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers which are divisible by 13.
Sol. Three digit numbers divisible by 13 are 104, 117, . . . . . 988.
a = 104, a n = 988 and d = 13
a n = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 988 = 104 + (n − 1)13
⇒ n − 1 = 988 − 104
13
⇒ n − 1 = 884
13
⇒ n − 1 = 68
⇒ n = 68 + 1
⇒ n = 69
Sn = n [a + a n ]
2
⇒ Sn = n 2
[104 + 988]
Sn =
69
⇒ × 1092
2
⇒ Sn = 69 × 546
⇒ Sn = 37674
66. Find the sum of all three digit natural numbers, which are multiples of 11.
Sol. All three digit numbers, which are multiples of 11 is :
110, 121, 132, 143, 154, 176, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990
n − 1 =
990 − 110
⇒
11
n − 1 =
880
⇒
11
⇒ n − 1 = 80
⇒ n = 80 + 1
⇒ n = 81
Sn =
81
⇒ [2 × 110 + (81 − 1)11]
2
Sn = [1100]
81
⇒
2
⇒ Sn = 44550
Report Problem
31 − 28 = 3
So, d = 3
a n = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 100 = 25 + (n − 1)3
n − 1 =
100− 25
⇒
3
⇒ n − 1 = 25
⇒ n = 25 + 1
⇒ n = 26
Sn =
26
⇒ [2 × 25 + (26 − 1)3]
2
Sn =
26
⇒ [125]
2
Sn =
3250
⇒
2
⇒ Sn = 1625
Hence, the sum of 25 + 28 + 31 + . . . . +100 is 1625.
Report Problem
2
+ 13 + . . . + (−49
1
2
).
2
+ 13 + . . . + (−49
1
2
).
Let a and l be the first and last term of the A. P.
Here,
a = 18,
l = − 49 1
Common difference :
d = 15 − 18 = 1 31 31 − 36 −5
− 18 = =
2 2 2 2
d = 13 − 15 1 −5
=
2 2
2
= 18 + ( − 1) ( n −5
2
)
n
99 −5
⇒ − = 18 + ( − 1) ( )
2 2
n +
99 5 5
⇒ − = 18 −
2 2 2
n
99 5 5
⇒ − − 18 − = −
2 2 2
⇒
−99 − 36 − 5
2
= −
5
2
n
⇒
−140
2
= −
5
2
n
n =
−140 2
⇒ × −
2 5
n =
1 40
⇒
5
⇒ n = 28
Sn = n [a + l]
2
Sn = 14 [18 −
99
⇒ ]
2
Sn = 14 [
36 − 99
⇒ ]
2
Sn = 14 [
−63
⇒ ]
2
⇒ Sn = −882
⇒ Sn = − 441
Therefore, sum of the given A. P. is − 441.
Report Problem
69. Find the sum of the first 25 terms of an A. P. whose n th term is
given by a n = 2 − 3n.
Sol. Given that the n th term a n = 2 − 3n
First term (a ) = 2 − 3 × 1 1
⇒ First term (a ) = − 1 1
S
25
⇒ 25 = {2 × (−1) + (25 − 1) (−3)}
2
⇒ S = 25 × − 37
25
⇒ S = −925
25
70. If the sum of 7 terms of an A. P. is 49 and that of 17
terms is 289, find the sum of n terms.
Sol. Given that the sum of 7 terms of an A. P. is 49 and that of 17 terms is 289.
i. e S = 49 and S = 289
7 17
⇒ S 7 =
7
2
a
[2 + (7 − 1) ] d
a d
7
⇒ 49 = [2 + (7 − 1) ]
2
⇒ 98 = 7 [2 + 6 ] a d
a
⇒ 2 +6 = d 98
a
d
⇒ 2 + 6 = 14
⇒ 2 (a + 3d) = 14
⇒ a + 3d = 7 → (1)
S a d
17
17 = [2 + (17 − 1) ]
2
a d
17
⇒ 289 = [2 + 16 ]
2
⇒ 578 = 17 [2 + 16 ] a d
a d
578
⇒ 2 + 16 =
17
a d
⇒ 2 + 16 = 34
⇒ 2 (a + 8d) = 34
⇒ d = 2
⇒ a = 7 − 6
⇒ a = 1
⇒ Sn = n 2
[2 + 2 − 2] n
⇒ Sn = n × 2n 2
⇒ Sn = n × n
⇒ Sn = n
2
Report Problem
2
+
13
2
n
n
2
n 2
3( − 1)
i. e Sn = 3
2
+
13
2
n → (1) and Sn − 1 =
2
+
13
2
n − 1) → (2)
(
th
Let a n be the n term of the A. P.
a n = Sn − Sn → (3) − 1
2
+
13
2
n) − ( 2
+
13
2
( n − 1))
an = n n n n − 1))
3 2 2 13
⇒ ( − ( − 1) ) + ( − (
2 2
an = n n n n n
3 2 2 13
⇒ ( − + 2 − 1 ) + ( − + 1 )
2 2
an = n
3 13
⇒ (2 − 1 ) + (1 )
2 2
⇒ an = 3
2
× 2 − n 3
2
+
13
2
a n = 3n −
3 13
⇒ +
2 2
a n = 3n + (
−3 + 13
⇒ )
2
a n = 3n +
10
⇒
2
⇒ a n = 3n + 5
a = 3 × 25 + 5
25
a = 75 + 5
25
a = 80
25
Report Problem
72. In an A. P. , the sum of first ten terms is − 150 and the sum
of its next ten terms is − 550 . Find the A. P.
Sol. Given that the sum of first ten terms is − 150 and the sum
of its next ten terms is − 550.
i. e S = − 150
10
Let a and d be the first term and common difference.
[(2a + (10 − 1)d)] = − 150
10
⇒
2
⇒
10
2
a
[(2 + 9 d)] = − 150
a
⇒ 2 + 9 d = − 150 × 2
10
a
⇒ 2 + 9 d = − 30 → (1)
Sum of next 10 terms = − 550
i. e a + a + . . . . + a = − 550
11 12 20
⇒ S − S
20 = − 550
10
⇒ S − (−150) = − 550
20
⇒ S + 150 = − 550
20
⇒ S = − 550 − 150
20
⇒ S = − 700
20
a d] = − 700
20
⇒ [2 + 19
2
a
⇒ 2 + 19 d = −700 × 2
20
a
⇒ 2 + 19 d = −700 × 1
10
a
⇒ 2 + 19 d = −70 → (2)
Subtracting (1) from (2), we get
(2) − (1) ⇒ 10d = − 40
d =
−40
⇒
10
⇒ d = − 4
Substituting d = − 4 in equation (1), we get :
2a + 9 × (−4) = − 30
⇒ 2a − 36 = − 30
⇒ 2a = − 30 + 36
⇒ 2a = 6
⇒ a =
6
⇒ a = 3
Report Problem
73. Sum of the first 14 terms of an A. P . is 1505 and its first term is 10. Find its 25th term.
Sol. Given that sum of first 14 terms of an A. P is 1505 and its first term is 10.
i. e S = 1505 and a = 10
14
⇒ S 14 =
14
2
d
[2 × 10 + (14 − 1) ]
⇒ 1505 = 7 [20 + 13 ] d
⇒ 1505 = 140 + 91 d
⇒ 1505 − 140 = 91 d
⇒ 1365 = 91 d
⇒ d = 1365
91
⇒ d = 15
a = a + (n − 1)d
25
⇒ a = 10 + 24 × 15
25
⇒ a = 10 + 360
25
⇒ a = 370
25
74. The sum of first n terms of an A. P. is 5n + 3n. If its m th
2
term is 168, find the value of m. Also, find the 20th term
of this A. P.
Sol. Given that the sum of first n terms of an A. P . is 5n 2
n and its m th term is 168.
+ 3
⇒ S = T = 5 + 3
1 1
⇒ S = T = 8 = First term
1 1
⇒ S = 5 × 4 + 6
2
⇒ S = 20 + 6
2
⇒ S = 26 2
Therefore, T = S − S 2 2 1
⇒ T = 26 − 8
2
⇒ T = 18 2
⇒ S = 5 × 9 + 9
3
⇒ S = 45 + 9
3
⇒ S = 54 3
Therefore, T = S − S 3 3 2
⇒ T = 54 − 26
3
⇒ T = 28 3
⇒ Tn = 10n − 2
⇒ T = 8 + 19 × 10
20
⇒ T = 8 + 190
20
⇒ T = 198
20
a m = a + (m − 1)d
⇒ 168 = 8 + (m − 1)10
⇒ 170 = 10m
⇒ m =
170
10
⇒ m = 17
Report Problem
S
2
1 = 63 × 1 − 3(1)
⇒ S 1 = 63 − 3
⇒ S 1 = 60 = a 1
S
2
2 = 63 × 2 − 3 (2)
⇒ S = 126 − 12
2
⇒ S = 114 2
S − S = 114 − 60
2 1
⇒ S − S = 54 = a
2 1 2
p
⇒ 60 + ( − 1) − 6 = − 60
p
⇒ 60 − 6 + 6 = − 60
6
⇒ p = 21
a = a + 10d
11
⇒ a = 60 + 10 × − 6
11
⇒ a = 60 − 60
11
⇒ a = 0 11
Therefore, the value of p is 21 and 11th term of the A. P . is zero.
Report Problem
76. The sum of first m terms of an A. P. is 4m − m. If its n th
2
term is 107, find the value of n. Also, find the 21st term
of this A. P
Sol. Sum of first m terms (Sm ) = 4m − m 2
⇒ S 1 = 4 − 1
⇒ S 1 = 3 = a 1
S 2 = 4 (2) − 2
2
⇒ S 2 = 4 × 4 − 2
⇒ S 2 = 16 − 2
⇒ S 2 = 14.
S
2
3 = 4 (3) − 3
⇒ S = 4 × 9 − 3
3
⇒ S = 36 − 3
3
⇒ S = 333
S − S = 14 − 3
2 1
⇒ S − S = 11 = a
2 1 2
S − S = 33 − 14
3 2
⇒ S − S = 19 = a
3 2 3
a n = 107
⇒ a + (n − 1)d = 107
⇒ 3 + 8n − 8 = 107
⇒ 8n − 5 = 107
⇒ 8n = 107 + 5
⇒ 8n = 112
⇒ n =
112
⇒ n = 14
a = a + 20 d
21
⇒ a = 3 + 20 × 8
21
⇒ a = 3 + 160
21
⇒ a = 163
21
Report Problem
⇒ a = −4 + 15
1
⇒ a = 11 1
⇒ a = −8 + 15
2
⇒ a = 7 2
d = a − a 2 1
⇒ d = 7 − 11
⇒ d = − 4
S 20 =
20
2
[2 × 11 + 19 × (− 4)]
⇒ S 20 = 10 [−54]
⇒ S 20 = −540
Report Problem
78. Find the number of terms of the A.P. -12, -9, -6, ...., 21. If 1 is added to each term of this A.P., then find the sum of all terms of the A.P. thus obtained.
Sol. The given A. P . is − 12, − 9, − 6, . . . . , 21.
Here, a = − 12
l = 21
Common difference :
− 9 − (−12) = − 9 + 12 = 3
− 6 − (−9) = − 6 + 9 = 3
So, d = 3
a n = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 21 = −12 + (n − 1)3
⇒ 36 = 3n
⇒ n =
36
⇒ n = 12
⇒ S 12 =
12
2
[−11 + (22)]
⇒ S 12 = 6 [−11 + 22]
⇒ S 12 = 6 [11]
⇒ S 12 = 66
Report Problem
⇒ S 1 = 3 + 4
⇒ S 1 = 7
⇒ S 2 = 3 × 4 + 4 × 2
⇒ S 2 = 12 + 8
⇒ S 2 = 20
S = 27 + 12
3
S = 39
3
a = 7
1
⇒ a = 7 + 24 × 6
25
⇒ a = 7 + 144
25
⇒ a = 15125
Report Problem
th
4 term of an A. P. = a + 3d
th
17 term ofan A. P. = a + 16d
+ 16
1
da
⇒ 5 ( + 3 ) = a + 16d
⇒ 5a + 15d = a + 16d
7 (a + 3d) = 182
a + 3d) =
182
⇒ (
7
⇒ 13a = 26
⇒ a =
26
13
⇒ a = 2
By putting in equation (1), we get
4 × 2 = d
⇒ 8 = d
Report Problem
81. The sum of first n terms of an A. P. is 3n + 6n. 2
∴ Sn −1 = 3 ( − 1) n 2
n
+ 6 ( − 1)
⇒ Sn −1 = 3 [ n 2
n n
− 2 + 1 ] + 6 ( − 1)
⇒ t n = 3n + 6n − 3n 2 2
+ 3
⇒ t n = 6n + 3
Therefore, n th term of the A. P. is 6n + 3.
Report Problem
82. The sum of the first 7 terms of an A. P. is 63 and the sum of
its next 7 terms is 161. Find the 28th term of this A. P.
a d
7
⇒ [2 + 6 ] = 63
2
a d
⇒ 2 + 6 = 63 ×
2
⇒ 2a + 6d = 9 × 2
Also, given that the sum of its next 7 terms is 161.
Sum of first 14 terms = sum of first 7 terms + sum ofnext 7 terms.
S = 63 + 161
14
⇒ S = 224
14
a
⇒ 7 [2 + 13 ] = 224 d
a
⇒ 2 + 13 = d 224
a
⇒ 2 + 13 = 32 → (2) d
(1) − (2) ⇒ 7 = − 14 d
⇒ d = −14
−7
⇒ d = 2
Substituting d = 2 in (1), we get
2a + 6 × 2 = 18
⇒ 2a + 12 = 18
⇒ 2a = 6
⇒ a =
6
⇒ a = 3
t = 3 + (28 − 1)2
28
⇒ t = 3 + 27 × 2
28
⇒ t = 3 + 54
28
⇒ t = 57
28
Report Problem
83. If Sn denotes the sum of the first n terms of an A. P. ,
prove that S = 3 (S − S ). 30 20 10
Sol. Given that Sn denotes the sum of the first n terms of an A. P. ,
Sn = n [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
S 30 =
30
2
a
[2 + (30 − 1) ] d
⇒ S 30 a
= 15 [2 + 29 ] → (1) d
S a d
20
20 = [2 + (20 − 1) ]
2
⇒ S 20 = 10 [2 + 19 a d]
S a d
10
10 = [2 + (10 − 1) ]
2
⇒ S 10
d]
= 5 [2 + 9 a
S − S = {10 [2a + 19d] } − {5 [2a + 9d]}
20 10
⇒ S − S
20 = 20a + 190d − 10a − 45d
10
⇒ S − S
20 = 10a + 145d 10
3 (S − S
20 ) = 3 (10a + 145d)
10
⇒ 3 (S − S 20 ) = 30a + 435d 10
Hence, proved.
Report Problem
84. The sum of first n terms of an A. P. is 5n − n . 2
i. e S n = 5n − n 2
⇒ S = 5 − 1
1
⇒ S = 4 = a
1 1
S
2
2 = 5 × 2 − (2)
S 2 = 10 − 4
S 2 = 6
a 2 S −S
= 2 1
⇒ a = 6 − 4
2
⇒ a = 2 2
d = a − a 2 1
d = 2 − 4
⇒ d = − 2
⇒ a n = 4 − 2n + 2
⇒ a n = 6 − 2n
Report Problem
i. e Sn = 4n + 2n 2
n th term of an A. P. = t n
t n = Sn − Sn → (1) − 1
Sn = 4n + 2n → (2)
2
⇒ Sn − 1 = 4 { n 2
n
− 2 + 1} + 2 ( − 1) n
⇒ Sn = 4n − 8n + 4 + 2n − 2
− 1
2
t n = 8n − 2
Report Problem
86. If the 10th term of an A. P . is 21 and the sum of its first ten
terms is 120, find its n th term.
Sol. 10th term of an A. P. (a ) = 21 10
Let a and d be the first term and common difference of the A. P.
a = 21
10
2
a
[2 + (10 − 1) ] d
⇒ 120 =
10
2
a
[2 + 9 ] d
a
⇒ 2 + 9 = 120 × d 2
10
a
⇒ 2 + 9 = 24 → (2) d
Sibtracting equation (1) from (2), we get
a = 3
Substituting a = 3 in (1), we get
3 + 9d = 21
⇒ 9d = 21 − 3
⇒ 9d = 18
⇒ d =
18
⇒ d = 2
Therefore, the n th term = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ n th term = 3 + (n − 1)2
⇒ n th term = 3 + 2n − 2
⇒ n th term = 2n + 1
Hence, the n th term of this A. P. is 2n + 1
Report Problem
87. The first and last terms of an A.P. are 5 and 45 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 400, find its common difference.
Sol. The first term of the A. P (a) = 5
The last term of the A. P (a n ) = 45
The sum of all its term = 400
a n = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 45 = 5 + (n − 1)d
Sn = n (a + a n )
2
n
⇒ 400 = (5 + 45)
2
n
⇒ 400 = (50)
2
⇒ 800 = n (50)
⇒ n = 800
50
⇒ n = 16
Substituting the value of n in equation (1), we get
40 = (16 − 1) d
⇒ 40 = 15 d
⇒ d = 40
15
d =
8
⇒
3
Report Problem
88. The first and last terms of an A.P. are 7 and 49 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is 420, find its common difference.
Sol. The first term of the A. P (a) = 7
The last term of the A. P (a n ) = 49
The sum of all its term = 420
a n = a + (n − 1)d
⇒ 49 = 7 + (n − 1)d
⇒ 42 = (n − 1)d
⇒ 42 = (n − 1)d → (1)
Sn = n (a + a n )
2
n
⇒ 420 = (7 + 49)
2
n
⇒ 420 = (56)
2
⇒ 840 = n (56)
⇒ n = 840
56
⇒ n = 15
Substituting the value of n in equation (1), we get
42 = (15 − 1)d
⇒ 42 = 14d
⇒ d =
42
14
⇒ d = 3
Therefore, the common difference is 3.
Report Problem
Sol. Given that S n denotes the sum of first n terms of an A. P .
S n = n [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
S 12 =
12
2
a
[2 + (12 − 1) d]
S 12 = 6 [2 + 11 a d] → (1)
S 8
− S 4
= {
8
2
a
[2 + (8 − 1)d]} − { 4
2
a
[2 + (4 − 1) d]}
S S = {4 [2a + 7d]} − {2 [2a + 3d]}
8 − 4
S − S = 4a + 22d
8 4
S − S = 2 (2a + 11d)
8 4
3 (S − S ) = 3 {2 (2a + 11d)}
8 4
∴S = 3 (S − S
12 8 4)
Hence, proved.
Report Problem
2
(3 n 2
n
+ 7 ),
i. e S n = 1
2
(3 n 2
n
+ 7 ) → (1)
2
(3 (20) + 7 (20) )
2
⇒ S 20 =
1
2
(1200 + 140 )
⇒ S 20 =
1
2
(1340)
⇒ S = 670
20
2
(3 (19) + 7 × 19)
2
⇒ S 19 =
1
2
(1083 + 133)
⇒ S 19 =
1
2
(1216)
⇒ S 19 = 608
Tn = S n − S n − 1
⇒ T = S
20 − S 20 19
⇒ T = 670 − 608
20
⇒ T = 62
20
Sn − 1 =
1
2
(3 ( n − 1) 2
n
+ 7 ( − 1))
⇒ Sn − 1 =
1
2
(3 ( n 2
n
− 2 + 1) + 7 ( − 1)) n
⇒ Sn − 1
=
1
2
(3 n 2
n
− 6 + 3 + 7 − 7) n
⇒ Sn − 1(3n + n − 4) → (2)
=
1
2
2
Tn = S n − S n − 1
2
(3 n 2
n
+ 7 )} − {
1
2
(3 n 2
+ n − 4)}
Tn = n − n + 2
7
⇒
2 2
n n
⇒ Tn = 7 − + 4
n
Tn =
6 + 4
⇒
2
⇒ Tn = 3n + 2
Hence, n th term of the A. P . is 3n + 2 and 20th term of the A. P . is 62.
Report Problem
91. The first term of an A. P. is p and its common difference is q.
Find its 10th term.
Sol. First term of an A. P. = p
Common difference = q
a = a + (10 − 1) d
10 1
a = p + (10 − 1) q
10
a = p + 9 q
10
S
20
⇒ 20 = [2 × 1 + (20 − 1)2]
2
⇒ S = 10 [2 + 38]
20
⇒ S = 10 [40]
20
⇒ S = 400
20
= ( 4 + 4+. . . . +4
n times) − n
1
(1 + 2 + 3+. . . . . . + ) ( n Marks : 1)
n(n+1)
= 4 n− n 1
×
2
( Marks : 1
2
+ 1)
n
=
7 −1
2
( Marks : 1
2
)
Report Problem
94. The ratio of the sums of first m and first n terms of an A. P is m 2
: n 2
. Show that the ratio of its m th term and n th terms is (2m − 1) : (2n − 1)
m
Sol. Sm m 2
a
[2 +( m−1)d]
m 2
Sn
= ⇒
2
a
2 + ( m−1)d m
⇒
a
2 + ( −1) n d
=
n
( Marks : 1)
Solving we get d = 2a (Marks : 1)
am a+ (m−1)d a+ (m−1) ×2a m−1
Marks : 1)
2
= = = (
an a+ (n−1)d a+b (n−1) ×2a n
2 −1
Report Problem
95. Find the sum of all two-digit numbers which when divided by 3 leaves 1 as remainder.
Sol. Required two digit numbers are 10, 13, 16, . . . 97 (Marks : 1)
⇒ n = 30 (Marks : 1)
Hence , S
30
30 = [2 × 10 + 29 × 3]
2
⇒ S 30 = 15 × 107
Report Problem
96. A sum of Rs 700 is to be used to give seven cash prizes to students of a school for their overall academic performance. If each prize is Rs 20 less than its preceding prize, find the value
of each of the prizes.
Sol. Let, d = − 20
S = 700
7
a
2 + 6 × −20
⇒ = 100
2
⇒ a + 3 (−20) = 100
⇒ a − 60 = 100
⇒ a = 160
Therefore, the value of each of the prizes was Rs 160, Rs 140, Rs 120, Rs 100, Rs 80, Rs 60, and Rs 40.
Report Problem
+
5n
.
2 2
n 2
n
Sn =
3 5
+
2 2
n n
2
3 ( − 1) 5 ( − 1)
⇒ Sn − 1 =
2
+
2
n n
2
n 2
n 3 ( − 1) 5 ( − 1)
Sn − Sn
3 5
∴ − 1 = ( + ) − ( + )
2 2 2 2
n 2
n n
3 ( − 1)
2
n
5 ( − 1)
Therefore, a n = (
3 5
+ ) − ( + )
2 2 2 2
an = n n n n
3 2 2 5
⇒ ( − ( − 1) ) + ( − ( − 1))
2 2
⇒ an = 3
2
n
( 2 − 1) +
5
⇒ a 25 =
3
2
( 2 × 25 − 1) +
5
a = (49) +
3 5
⇒ 25
2 2
⇒ a = 76 25
98. If a n = 3 — 4n, then show that a , a , a , … form an AP. Also, find S 1 2 3 20 .
a − a = − 9 − (−5) = − 4
3 2
a − a = − 13 − (−9) = − 4
4 3
Therefore, S = − 780 20
Report Problem
99. If S n denotes the sum of first n terms of an AP, then prove that S 12 = 3 (S 8 S
− 4 ).
Sol. Sum of n terms, S n = n 2
a n
[2 + ( − 1) d]
S 8
=
8
2
a
[2 + 7 d] = 4 (2a + 7d) = 8a + 28d
S 4 =
4
2
a
[2 + 3 d] = 2 (2a + 3d) = 4a + 6d
S 8 − S 4 a
= 8 + 28 d − 4a − 6d = 4a + 22d
S 12 =
12
2
a
(2 + (12 − 1) d) = 6 (2a + 11d)
⇒ S = 3 (4a + 22d) = 3 (S
12 8 − S 4)
⇒ S = 3 (S − S )
12 8 4
Hence proved.
Report Problem
100. The sum of the first n terms of an AP whose first term is 8 and the common difference is 20 is equal to the sum of first 2n terms of another AP whose
first term is – 30 and the. common difference is 8. Find n.
⇒ Sn = n 2
n
[2 × 8 + ( − 1)20]
⇒ Sn = n 2
[16 + 20 n − 20]
⇒ Sn = n 2
n
[20 − 4]
⇒ S n = n [10n − 2]
First term of second AP, a 1 = − 30, Common difference, d 1 = 8
n
Sum of first 2n terms, S 2n =
2
2
[2 a 1 n d
+ (2 − 1) 1 ]
⇒ S n = n [16n − 68]
2
Given, S n = S n 2
⇒ n (6n − 66) = 0
⇒ n = 11
Report Problem
101. Yasmeen saves Rs. 32 during the first month, Rs. 36 in the second month and Rs. 40 in the third month. If she continues to save in this manner, in
how many months will she save Rs. 2000 ?
n
⇒ 1000 = 15 + n 2
⇒ n + 15n − 1000 = 0
2
⇒ n = − 40, 25
102. The 14th term of an A. P. is twice its 8th term. If its 6th term is − 8,
then find the sum of its first 20 terms.
Sol. Given,
th
14 term = 2 (8th term)
⇒ −d = a
⇒ a = − d → (1)
th
6 term = − 8
⇒ a + 5d = − 8
S
20
⇒ 20 = [2 (2) + (20 − 1) (−2)]
2
⇒ S = 10 [−34]
20
⇒ S = − 340
20
Report Problem
Consider,
S + S = 167
5 7
a d a d
5 7
⇒ (2 + (5 − 1) ) + (2 + (7 − 1) ) = 167
2 2
⇒
5
2
a
(2 + 4 ) + d 7
2
a d
(2 + 6 ) = 167
d a a d
⇒ 5 ( + 2 ) + 7 ( + 3 ) = 167
Consider,
S = 235
10
⇒
10
2
a
(2 + (10 − 1) ) = 235 d
d a
⇒ 5 (2 + 9 ) = 235
⇒ −230d = − 1150
⇒ d = 5
a
⇒ 12 + 155 = 167
⇒ 12a = 12
⇒ a = 1
Therefore an A. P. with first term as 1 and common difference is 5 is
1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, . . . . . . . . . .
Report Problem
104. If the ratio of the sum of first n terms of two Arithmetic
Progression’s is (7n + 1) : (4n + 27), find the ratio of
their m th terms.
Sol. Given the ratio of the first n terms of two A. P's is (7n + 1) : (4n + 27).
S 1 7 +1n
=
S 2
n
4 + 27
n
(2 a + ( − 1) n d )
2
1 1
n
7 +1
⇒ n =
(2 a + ( − 1) n d )
n
4 + 27
2 2
2
1
(2 a + ( − 1) n d )
2
1 1
n
7 +1
⇒ =
1
n
4 + 27
(2 a 2
+ ( − 1) n d 2
)
2
2a 1 + (n − 1)d1
( )
2
n
7 +1
⇒ =
2a 2 + (n − 1)d2 n
4 + 27
( )
2
n
( − 1) d1
a +
1
2 n
7 +1
⇒ = → (1)
n
( − 1) d2 n
4 + 27
a 2
+
2
Let n − 1
2
= m − 1
⇒ n − 1 = 2 (m − 1)
⇒ n − 1 = 2m − 2
⇒ n = 2m − 2 + 1
⇒ n = 2m − 1
Sm 14 m − 6
1
⇒ =
Sm 8 m + 23
2
The ratio of the sum of first m terms of two Arithmetic Progression 's
is (14m − 6) : (8m + 23).
Report Problem
105. Show that the sum of an AP whose first term is a, second term is b and last term is c, is equal to a c b c a
( + )( + − 2 )
.
b a
2( − )
c
( − ) a
n
⇒ ( − 1) =
b
( − ) a
c
( − ) a
⇒ n = + 1
b
( − ) a
⇒ n = c a b
− + −
b − a
a
=
c + b − 2a
b − a
n
Sum of n terms of an AP = 2
a
[2 + ( − 1)n d]
c
( + − 2 ) b a c + b − 2a
⇒ Sn = b
2( − ) a
a
[2 + ((
b − a
) − 1) (b − a)]
c
( + − 2 ) b a c − a
⇒ Sn = [2 + a b − a
b
( − )] a
b
2( − ) a
c
( + − 2 ) b a
⇒ Sn = a
(2 + − ) c a
b
2( − ) a
b
( + − 2 ) c a
⇒ Sn = a
( + c)
b
2( − ) a
Hence the proof.
Report Problem