CARIBBEAN EXAMINATION COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE

SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT

COVER SHEET FOR SOCIAL STUDIES

NAME OF CENTRE: Anna Regina secondary school CENTRE

CODE: 090003

YEAR OF EXAM: 2021

NAME OF CANDIDATE: Shontel Belfield CANDIDATE’S

REGISTRATION NUMBER:

Teacher’s Signature: ______________________

Question Question Teacher’s

No Mark
1 Statement of Problem (2 marks)
2 Reason for Selecting Area of Research (2
marks)
3 Method of Investigation (2 marks)
4 Data Collection Instrument (4 marks)
5 Procedures for data Collection (2 marks)
6 Presentation of Data (6 marks)
7 Analysis and Interpretation of Data (8 marks)
8 Statement of Findings (3 marks)
9 Recommendations and Implementation of
Strategy (3 marks)
10 Writing Skills (4 marks)
11 Overall Presentation (4 marks)

Total (40 Marks) 0

Date: ____________________
 SCHOOL BASED ASSESMENT

Name of candidate: Shontel Belfield

Candidate registration number: 090003…………
School: Anna Regina Secondary School
School code: 090003
Territory: Guyana
Teacher: Miss B. Dasrat
 ACKNOWLEGEMENT
The researcher wish to express her profound appreciation and gratitude to all the

persons who assisted her in the completion of her school based assessment

(SBA).To her family and friends she wish to say you for your support and

encouragement throughout this time. Once again thank you.

 TABLE OF CONTENT

Content Pg #

Introduction and map showing the area of studied……………………………..1-2

Task one- Problem statement…………………………………………………… 3

Task two- Reason for selecting the area of research……………………………..4

Task three- Method of investigation……………………………………………..5

Task four-Instrument used to collect data and the questionnaire…………….. 6-10

Task five-Procedures use in data collection…..……………………………….11

Task six-Presentation of data……………………………………………….12-17

Task seven- Interpretation of data……………………………………………18

Task eight- Findings..................................................................................…...19

Task nine- Recommendation and Implementation…………………………...20

Bibliography…………………………………………………………………..21

Appendix…………………………………………………………………...22- 31
 INTRODUCTION AND MAP SHOWING AREA OF
STUDY
Richmond is a small village located on the Essequibo Coast which is along the
shore of the Atlantic Ocean. The village of Richmond has approximately 100
households who are of different ethnic backgrounds. The researcher has been a
resident for about 15 years in the village of Richmond. Over the past 3 years the
researcher has observed that the rate of unemployment has made a significant
increase, this has led to a number of negative impacts on the development of the
village. Therefore the researcher has chosen to carry out this researcher based on
unemployment.
Map of region two showing area of study

Task one: Statement of problem

What are the views of young adults in Richmond on the rising issue of
unemployment?

Supporting questions

 What is the age range of young adults that are unemployed?

 What factors contribute to unemployment in Richmond?
 How does unemployment affect the young adults of Richmond?
 What are the residents doing to solve this problem?

Task Two: Reasons for selecting the area of research

The researcher is a villager of the village of Richmond for the past 15 years and
over the last 3 years she has observed that there has been a growth of
unemployment in the village that is why she has chosen this area of research. The
researcher therefore decided to conduct a survey on what are the views of the
young adults of Richmond on the rising issues of unemployment.

Task Three: Method of investigation.

The method of investigation that the researcher has chosen to collect data on the
ongoing problem of unemployment in the village of Richmond is Questionnaires.
According to the Webster dictionary a questionnaire with a choice of answers,
devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. The reason why she has
chosen this method is because it is an effective means of measuring the behavior
attitudes, preferences, opinions and intentions of relatively large numbers of
subjects more cheaply and quickly than other methods. These are only some
reasons why she has chosen this method.

Task Four: Instrument use to collect data

Cover letter
Dear villager,

This is a survey being carried out in Richmond housing Scheme, Anna Regina to
determine the effects and solutions of unemployment. This study is being
conducted as a School Based Assessment for a social studies course which she is
presently pursuing. You are advised to answer the following questions honestly
and truthfully. Since you do not have to write your name anywhere, no one will
ever know who answered in a particular way. Please remember this is not test.
There is no right or wrong answer. Most of the questions can be answered by a
check in a box like this *. Specific instructions are given where necessary.

Thank you

Yours sincerely,

S.Belfield
Shontel Belfield

QUESTIONNAIRE
Instructions: Please leave thick in the box next to the answer which you think
is correct.

1. What is your gender

Male

Female

2. What is your age range?

16-20

21-24

25-29

30 and over

3. What is your occupation?

4. What is your ethnicity?

African

East Indian

European

Portuguese

Chinese

Amerindian

Other

5. How long have you been living in the village of Richmond?

1-5 years
 5-10 years

11 or more years

6. What is the age range of young adults that are unemployed?

18-20

21- 25

26-30

30 and older

7. Are you employed?

Yes

No

8. If No, how long have you been unemployed?

1-3 years 4-6 years More than 7 years

9. What is the highest level of education most of young adults have attained?
Please state __________________________

10. What is the major cause of unemployment in the village of Richmond?

Permanent job losers

Lack of the right level of education

Lack of suitable jobs

 Lack of support

11. How have unemployment impact/ affected residents of Richmond?

High crime rate

Drug use rate increase

Poverty rate increase

A high level of school drop outs

12. What are the residents doing to solve this problem?

Help the homeless people by giving them some work to do around there
yard and pay them when they are finish

Addressing the issue publicly

Creating a homeless shelter

Residents encourage the youths to complete school

13. Do you think that unemployment will affect the status of the village of
Richmond?
Yes
No

14. If yes why do you think so?

15. What do you think the government can do to decrease the level of
unemployment in Richmond?
Create more jobs
Introduce more interesting jobs to the region
Create homeless shelters
Other
Task Five- Procedure use to collect data
 In the village of Richmond there are approximately (100) households. It
was calculated that a sample of 20% of the population is needed to gather
information necessary information on the views of young adults in
Richmond on the rising issue of unemployment. The questionnaire method
was used to collect data. It comprised of 12 closed ended and 3 open
ended questions.
A total of 25 questionnaires were prepared and distributed to 15 males and
10 females of Richmond on the 25 th of September, 2020. Before the
researcher distributed the questionnaire, she decided to choose the
households by a process of random selection which will cater for the entire
requirement mentioned above. The numbers of all houses in the village
were written, each of a slip of paper. Each slip of paper was folded and
placed into a box. The box was closed and shaken vigorously to ensure a
thorough mixture of the numbers. Total of 25 slips were then drawn from
the box, one at a time, while shaking the box in the process.
With the help of a friend, twenty five households were then supplied with
questionnaires. In instances where no one was at home, the researcher
emailed the questionnaires to the resident and instructed same to be
returned via email. On the 1st of October, 2021, the researcher received 25
questionnaires back.

Task Six – presentation of data

Table 1- Showing the Major causes of unemployment in the village of
Richmond.

Causes Answers Percentage

Lack of Tertiary 5 20%

education

Over population 5 20%

Lack of suitable jobs 10 40%

Lack of parental support 5 20%

Total 25 100%
 Figure 1- what is the major cause of unemployment in the village of
Richmond?

40
PERCENTAGE (%) OF RESIDENTS

20 20 20

Lack of terrtory over population lack of suitable jobs lack of parental

education support

CAUSES

Table 1 and figure 1 is showing the views of the residents on the Major
cause of unemployment in the village of Richmond.
According to the residents 40% of the young adults think that lack of
suitable jobs is one of the main causes of unemployment in Richmond.

Table 2- showing the impacts/ affected residents of Richmond

 Impacts Answers Percentage

High crime rate 10 40%

Drug use rate increase 10 40%

High poverty rate 0 0

A high level of school 5 20%

drop outs

High homeless rate 0 0%

Total 25 100%

Figure 2- How has unemployment impact/ affected residents of Richmond?

 45
40 40
40

35

percentage (%) of residents

30

25
20
20

15

10

5
0 0
0
High crime Drug use rate high povery a high level of high homeless rate
increase school drop out

impacts

Table 2 and figure 2 is showing the views of the villagers on the impacts
of unemployment on the village of Richmond.

Table 3- showing what the resident doing to solve this problem

 Residents doing to solve Answer Percentage
this problem

Help by giving people 5 20%

jobs to do around the
yard

Addressing the issues 10 40%

publicly

Creating a homeless 4 25%

shelter

Residents encourage the 6 15%

youth to complete their
education

Total 25 100%

Figure 3- What are the residents doing to solve this problem.

 45

PERCENTAGE (%) OF RESIDENTS

40
35
30
25
20 40
15
25
10 20
15
5
0
Help by giving people Address the issue Creating a homeless Resident encourage
jobs to do around the publicly shelter the youth to
yard complete there
education

RESIDENTS DOING TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM

Series 1

Table 3 and figure3 is representing what the residents are doing to solve
this problem in Richmond.

Task seven: Interpretation of data

In the village of Richmond there is a growing problem of unemployment
for the past 3 years. That’s one of the main reasons why she has chosen to
carry out this research in this village. The researchers targeted the young
adults of this village between the ages of 18-25 years old. The
questionnaires were distributed to 15 males and 10 females. Information
gathered from the questionnaire revealed that the majority of the
unemployment young adults are between the ages of 18-25 years. This
was indicated by 76% of the residents. While 24% of residents revealed
that unemployment is prevalent in ages 26-30 years.
Figure 1 is a histogram which shows the causes of employment in the
village of Richmond. This graph clearly shows the responses of the
villagers, 20% of the villagers think that lack of tertiary education is the
cause of unemployment in the village. 20% of the villagers think that over
population is another cause of unemployment in the village of Richmond.
40% think that lack of suitable jobs is another cause of unemployment in
the village and the final 20% thinks a lack of parental support is another
cause of unemployment in the village of Richmond.
Figure 2 is a line graph showing the impacts unemployment has on the
residents of Richmond. 40% of the residents think that high crime is the
effects of unemployment in the village which can be supported by an
article written by news 24 which is named Is the unemployment rate to
blame for crime stats? Which stated “Donovan Ponnan said that it is the
unemployment that has led to crime not decreasing, saying
“unemployment leads to poverty, poverty leads to crime because the
people who aren’t working find a way to provide for themselves through
committing crime.”? Another 40% thinks that drug use rate has increased
as a result of unemployment in the village, 20% thinks that the rate of
school will increase as a result of unemployment. No one in the village
thinks that high poverty and high homeless rate will be a result of
unemployment in the village of Richmond.
Figure 3 is a bar graph showing the responses of the villagers on what the
residents are doing to solve the problem of unemployment. 20% thinks
that giving people jobs to do around the yard. 40% thinks addressing the
issues publicly, 25% thinks creating a homeless shelter and 15% of the
residents think encouraging the youths to complete their education. That s
what the residents are doing to solve this growing problem of
unemployment in the village of Richmond.

Task Eight: Findings

 After conducting the research the researcher discovered a lot of things, but
the three most important are listed below:

1. The residents think that the lack of suitable jobs is one of the most
important causes of unemployment in the village of Richmond. This
was indicated by 40% of the residents.

2. They also said that the crime rate and drug use has increased this was
indicated by 80% of the villagers.

3. The residents addressing the problem publicly to try to solve the rate
of unemployment. This was indicated by 40% of the residents.

Task nine- recommendation and implementation

  Monetary policy- cutting interest rates to boost aggregate demand (AD).
 Education and training to help reduce structural unemployment.
 More flexible labor markets, to make it easier to hire and fire workers.

Implementation
Monetary policy
Monetary policy would involve cutting interest rates. Lower rates decrease
the cost of borrowing and encourage people to spend and invest. This
increases AD and should also help to increase GDP and reduce demand
deficient unemployment. Also, lower interest rates will reduce exchange
rate and make exports more competitive. In some cases, lower interest
rates may be ineffective in boosting demand. In this case, Central Banks
may resort to Quantitative easing. This is an attempt to increase the money
supply and boost aggregate demand. Quantitative easing.

Evaluation
 Similar problems to fiscal policy. E.g. it depends on other
components of AD.
 Lower interest rates may not help boost spending if banks are still
reluctant to lend.
 Demand side policies can contribute to reducing demand deficient
unemployment e.g. in a recession. However, they cannot reduce
supply side unemployment. Therefore, their effectiveness depends
on the type of unemployment that occurs.

Education and training

The aim is to give the long-term unemployed new skills which enable
them to find jobs in developing industries, e.g. retrain unemployed steel
workers to have basic I.T skills which help them find work in the service
sector. - However, despite providing education and training schemes, the
unemployed may be unable or unwilling to learn new skills. At best it will
take several years to reduce unemployment.

Bibliography
 www.news24.com
 www.whatisunemployment.com
 www.howdoesunemploymentcontributetohighcrimerateinGuyana.c
om
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE

Instructions: Please leave thick in the box next to the answer which you think
is correct.

1. What is your gender

Male

Female

2. What is your age range?

16-20

21-24

25-29

30 and over

3. What is your occupation?

Doctor

4. What is your ethnicity?

African

East Indian

European

Portuguese

Chinese

Amerindian

Other

5. How long have you been living in the village of Richmond?

 1-5 years

5-10 years

11 or more years

6. What is the age range of young adults that are unemployed?

18-20

21- 25

26-30

30 and older

7. Are you employed?

Yes

No

8. If No, how long have you been unemployed?

1-3 years 4-6 years More than 7 years

9. What is the highest level of education most of young adults have attained?
Please state ___Primary school______________________

10. What is the major cause of unemployment in the village of Richmond?

Permanent job losers

Lack of the right level of education

 Lack of suitable jobs

Lack of support

11. How have unemployment impact/ affected residents of Richmond?

High crime rate

Drug use rate increase

Poverty rate increase

A high level of school drop outs

12. What are the residents doing to solve this problem?

Help the homeless people by giving them some work to do around there
yard and pay them when they are finish

Addressing the issue publicly

Creating a homeless shelter

Residents encourage the youths to complete school

13. Do you think that unemployment will affect the status of the village of
Richmond?
Yes
No

14. If yes why do you think so?

15. What do you think the government can do to decrease the level of
unemployment in Richmond?
Create more jobs
Introduce more interesting jobs to the region
 Create homeless shelters
Other

QUESTIONNAIRE

Instructions: Please leave thick in the box next to the answer which you think
is correct.

1. What is your gender

Male

Female

2. What is your age range?

16-20

21-24

25-29

30 and over

3. What is your occupation?

4. What is your ethnicity?

African

East Indian

European

Portuguese

Chinese

Amerindian
 Other

5. How long have you been living in the village of Richmond?

1-5 years

5-10 years

11 or more years

6. What is the age range of young adults that are unemployed?

18-20

21- 25

26-30

30 and older

7. Are you employed?

Yes

No

8. If No, how long have you been unemployed?

1-3 years 4-6 years More than 7 years

9. What is the highest level of education most of young adults have attained?
Please state _____Primary school_____________________
10. What is the major cause of unemployment in the village of Richmond?
Permanent job losers

Lack of the right level of education

Lack of suitable jobs

Lack of support

11. How have unemployment impact/ affected residents of Richmond?

High crime rate

Drug use rate increase

Poverty rate increase

A high level of school drop outs

12. What are the residents doing to solve this problem?

Help the homeless people by giving them some work to do around there
yard and pay them when they are finish

Addressing the issue publicly

Creating a homeless shelter

Residents encourage the youths to complete school

13. Do you think that unemployment will affect the status of the village of
Richmond?
Yes
No

14. If yes why do you think so?

15. What do you think the government can do to decrease the level of
unemployment in Richmond?
Create more jobs
Introduce more interesting jobs to the region
Create homeless shelters
Other