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The Binomial Theorem (The Binomial Expansion) : Pre Calculus 12 By: Sir John Ry T. Jonilas

The document discusses the binomial theorem, which provides a formula for expanding positive integral powers of binomial expressions. Specifically, it explains: 1) Examples of expanding (x + y)n for n = 1, 2, 3, 4. 2) A general formula for determining the coefficients of terms in the expansion of (x + y)n. 3) Examples of applying the binomial theorem to expand (x + y)5, (x + y)6, (x + 2y)6, and (x2 - 3y2)9.

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26 views6 pages

The Binomial Theorem (The Binomial Expansion) : Pre Calculus 12 By: Sir John Ry T. Jonilas

The document discusses the binomial theorem, which provides a formula for expanding positive integral powers of binomial expressions. Specifically, it explains: 1) Examples of expanding (x + y)n for n = 1, 2, 3, 4. 2) A general formula for determining the coefficients of terms in the expansion of (x + y)n. 3) Examples of applying the binomial theorem to expand (x + y)5, (x + y)6, (x + 2y)6, and (x2 - 3y2)9.

Uploaded by

Andrea Elcano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE BINOMIAL THEOREM

(The Binomial Expansion)

Pre Calculus 12

By: Sir John Ry T. Jonilas


 Learning Objectives:
1. To prove and apply the binomial theorem.
In beginning algebra, we obtained the expansion of the
positive integral powers of a binomial by actual
multiplication.
For example,
(x + y)1 = x + y
(x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2
(x + y)3 = x3 + 3x2y + 3xy2 + y3
(x + y)4 = x4 + 4x3y + 6x2y2 + 4xy3 + y4
(x + y)5 = ?
(x + y)6 = ?
The coefficients of the terms in the expansion (x + y)n are obtained
by:
(first term)n
(last term)n
middle terms:
𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛)
𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 −1

(x + y)5 = x5 + 5x4y + 10x3y2 + 10x2y3 + 5xy4 + y5

(x + y)6 = x6 + 6x5y + 15x4y2 + 20x3y3 + 15x2y4 + 6xy5 + y6


The coefficients of the terms in the expansion (x + y)n are obtained
by:
(first term)n
(last term)n
middle terms:
𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛)
(𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 −1)(𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛)

(x + 2y)6 = x6 + 12x5y + 60x4y2 + 160x3y3 + 240x2y4 + 192xy + 64y6

(x2 - 3y2)9 = x18 – 27x16y2 + 324x14y4 – 2268x12y6 + 10206x10y8


–30618x8y10 + 61236x6y12 – 78732x4y14 + 59049x2y16
– 19683y18
Practice: Expand the following.

1. (3x + 2y)7 = 2187x7 + 10206x6y + 20412x5y2 + 22680 x4y3 + 15120x3y4


+ 6048x2y5 + 1344xy6 + 128y7

2. (x2 – 2y3)5 = x10 – 10x8y3 + 40x6y6 – 80x4y9 + 80x2y12 – 32y15

3. (4x2 – 4y)8 = 65536x16 – 524288x14y + 1835008x12y2 – 3670016x10y3 +


4587520x8y4 – 3670016x6y5 + 1835008x4y6 – 524288x2y7
+ 65536y8

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