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NOTE For Selection of Drag Factor Reference Is Made To API RP 2FB and FABIG Technical Note No 8

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75 views1 page

NOTE For Selection of Drag Factor Reference Is Made To API RP 2FB and FABIG Technical Note No 8

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Chowdhury Fatema
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© © All Rights Reserved
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NORSOK standard L-002 Edition 3, July 2009

F = p x A x CD x DAF (1)

where

p is the drag pressure from the blast in Pa


2
A is the projected area in m
CD is the coefficient of drag (to be determined for the actual pipe or equipment)
DAF is the dynamic amplification factor (minimum 1,5, if not evaluated in detail)

NOTE For selection of drag factor reference is made to API RP 2FB and FABIG Technical note No 8.

A simplified approach may be used in lack of accurate data. The static overpressure used for structural
dimensioning may be used as basis, and an estimated drag pressure calculated as 1/3 x static overpressure
may be used.

Maximum allowable stress in blast case shall be the minimum of 2,4 x S or 1,5 x SY , where S is the
ASME B 31.3 allowable stress limit and SY is the pipe material yield stress.

The standard stress intensification factor values can be multiplied with a factor of 0,75 for the explosion
design case. However, the stress intensification factor values shall not be less than 1,0.

The potential effects of deck and wall deflections due to blast loads (movement of equipment and pipe
supports) shall be evaluated.

NOTE For design advice, see the UK-HSE report.

It shall be documented that the mechanical joints (e.g. flanges, hubs, couplings, etc.) on piping systems
selected for blast calculations are leak free after the explosion event. However, it is acceptable that the
mechanical joints leaks during the explosion event.

NOTE EN 1591 may be used for documenting the tightness requirement for the critical mechanical joints.

6.9 Fire, heat and noise insulation


The use of insulation on piping, flanges and valves shall be kept to a minimum.

If fire insulation is required, it shall be evaluated to use

• a higher pressure class,


• high strength steel for the relevant lines,
• higher pressure class for flanges than required by the selected pipe glass sheet for the pipe,

in order to full fill the fire protection requirements without use of fire insulation.

It is recommended to install additional pipe supports with fire insulation (if needed) if that can eliminate the
need for fire insulation on piping, flanges and valves.

If insulation is needed in order to meet heat or noise requirements, the recommendations above are not
relevant.

6.10 Vessel/deck deflections


If the piping system is installed on a vessel, the hogging/sagging effect of the vessel shall be included in the
calculations. When piping is run between individual modules on a vessel, the relative movement between
modules due to hogging/sagging shall be included in the calculations.

On fixed installations deck deflections may have a significant effect on the calculations and this has to be
evaluated as a part of the analysis.

6.11 Vessel accelerations


For piping installed on vessels (e.g. floating production, storage and offloading vessels), vessel accelerations
due to waves shall be included in the calculations.

NORSOK standard Page 27 of 36

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