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Topic 1 Reading Thinking Strategies

The document provides information about writing effective paragraphs. It discusses the key components of a paragraph, including the topic sentence, supporting details, and clinching sentence. It also describes different types of paragraph development, specifically narration and description. For narration, it outlines the common elements of setting, characters, plot, and point of view. Description aims to appeal to the reader's senses and can be objective or subjective. The document provides word banks to choose descriptive details that evoke the five senses.

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Hans Manalili
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284 views6 pages

Topic 1 Reading Thinking Strategies

The document provides information about writing effective paragraphs. It discusses the key components of a paragraph, including the topic sentence, supporting details, and clinching sentence. It also describes different types of paragraph development, specifically narration and description. For narration, it outlines the common elements of setting, characters, plot, and point of view. Description aims to appeal to the reader's senses and can be objective or subjective. The document provides word banks to choose descriptive details that evoke the five senses.

Uploaded by

Hans Manalili
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson Reading & Thinking Strategies:

1.1 Writing Paragraphs

What’s New

 The word paragraph comes from two Greek words: para which means
“beyond” or “beside” and graphein which means “to write”.
 A paragraph is a collection of related sentences with one central idea.
Each sentence shows connection to other sentences in the paragraph.
 A paragraph is an independent unit or a related unit. As an independent
unit, it is complete in itself. As a related unit, it is a part of a composition
that is combined with other paragraphs to make a larger composition.
 Whether a paragraph is an independent unit or a related unit, it has its
beginning, middle and end.

DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS

One of the most important elements in writing is the form or structure. It is


worth noting that without a solid structure in place, the content you have gathered
would fall apart. After constructing an outline and writing your first draft, it is time to
get on to paragraph writing.

An effective paragraph shows the unity of the sentences used in developing


the main idea. A paragraph is made up of the topic sentence which contains the
main idea, the supporting details and the conclusion or the clinching sentence at
the end.

 Topic sentence – it reveals the main or central idea of the paragraph. It does
not necessarily have to be placed at the beginning of the paragraph. It may be
found in the middle of the first and the last sentence or at the end. If it is found
at the end of the paragraph, it may be used as a clinching or concluding
sentence.
 Supporting details – they give the paragraph life as it elaborates on the scope
given by the topic sentence.
 Clinching sentence – it closes your paragraph. According to Dagdag (2010),
this “may be a restatement of the topic sentence, a summary, or a conclusion
based on the supporting details.”
Lesson Reading & Thinking Strategies:
1.2 Narration

What’s New

 Narration, from the root word narrates, originated from the Latin word
narrare— which means related or told.
 It gives a written account of an event or story, or simply, storytelling. The
sequence of events is told in chronological order.
 It usually contains the following: the who, what and when.
 A narrative must have “vivid” description of details, a consistent point of
view and verb tense, and a well-defined point or significance.” (Tiongson,
2016).
 At the end of writing it, it must send a clear message to its readers through
the story.

A narrative paragraph simply tells what happened and establishes facts. It


is sharing of personal experiences that offer lessons and insights. It is more than
just a chronological sequence of events that happen to the different
characters. It also contains elements of drama and tension.

Narration is the most common type of paragraph development. It has the


following elements:
1. Setting. It is the time and location in which a story takes place.
2. Characters. The life-giving element of the story.
3. Plot. It is the logical series of events in the
story. The five essential parts of the plot
are:
a. Exposition. It is the part of the story where the characters and
the setting are revealed.
b. Rising Action. It is where the events in the story become
complicated and the conflict in the story is exposed.
c. Climax. This is the highest point of interest and the turning
point of the story.
d. Falling Action. The events and complications begin to resolve
themselves.
e. Denouement. The final resolution of the plot in the story.
4. Point of View. It is the perspective of the writer in narrating the
story.
a. First person point of view. The story is told by the
protagonist or one of the characters using pronouns I ,
me , we.
b. Second person point of view. The author tells the story
in second point of view using the pronouns you ,
yours, and your.
c. Third person point of view. The narrator is not part of
the story but describes the events that happen. The
writer uses the pronouns he, she , him, and her.

Lesson Reading & Thinking Strategies:


1.3 Description

What’s New

 Description gives information of what a person, an object, a place or a


situation is like.
 It appeals to the reader’s senses.
 A descriptive paragraph has concrete and specific details, which are
carefully chosen by a writer to paint a picture in the mind of the reader.
Descriptive writing emphasizes a reader’s ability to paint vivid pictures
using words on a reader’s mind. This relies on the writer’s ability to appeal to
his/her five senses: the sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing.

To rouse feelings, emotions and reactions from the readers is what


descriptive paragraphs aim for. Simple adjectives will not simply cut it for
readers desiring for appropriate description of an event, thing, place or
person.

According to Dagdag (2010), there are two types of description:


objective and subjective. Objective description is a factual description of the
topic at hand. This relies its information on physical aspects and appeals to
those who crave for facts. Meanwhile, subjective description allows the writer
to explore ways to describe an emotion, an event, a thing, a place or person,
appealing to emotions. Often, this is an artistic way of describing things,
mostly from the eye and perspective of the writer.

Here is a word bank of sensory words to refer to when you want to add
descriptive details to your paragraphs:
SIGHT SOUND SMELL TOUCH TASTE
sparkling yelp musty sticky spicy
gloomy shriek rotten grainy sweet
glossy whisper fragrant smooth sour
bright hiss fresh satiny bitter
dazzling screech pungent pointy bland
cloudy chortle fruity clammy creamy
blurred sneeze stinky furry delectable

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