“CHILD TRACKING DEVICE USING YOLOV3

TECHNOLOGY”

A Report on
Project Phase-II

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of

Degree in Electrical & Electronics Engineering 8th semester of the

Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi.

Submitted by
PROJECT ASSOCIATES USN
MANISH SAHANI 1SB17EE015
SUSHMA.N 1SB17EE029
NIKHIL.C.M 1SB17EE019
Under the guidance of
Dr.RAMANA REDDY
Asst. Prof., Dept. of EEE
Ms. MALINI K V
Asst. Prof. & HOD, Dept. of EEE

SRI SAIRAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Accredited by NAAC, ISO 9001:2015 Institution
SAI LEO NAGAR, GUDDANAHALLI (P.O), ANEKAL, BENGALURU-562106.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

2020-2021
 SRI SAIRAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING ANEKAL, BENGALURU-562106

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project work entitled “CHILD TRACKING DEVICE
USING YOLOV3 TECHNOLOGY” a bonafide work carried out by
MANISH SAHANI (1SB17EE015), SUSHMA N (1SB17EE029),
NIKHIL C M (1SB17EE019) in partial fulfillment for the award of
Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical and Electronics Engineering of
the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year
2020-2021. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for
internal assessment have been incorporated in the report deposited
in the departmental library. The project report has been approved as
it satisfied the academic requirement in respect of project work
prescribed for Bachelor of Engineering Degree.

Signature of Guide Signature of HOD Signature of Principal

............................ ........................... .............................

1. Dr. Ramana Reddy Ms. Malini K V Dr.B Shadaksharappa
Asst. Prof Asst. Prof. & HOD Principal
Dept. of EEE Dept. of EEE SSCE

..............................
2. Ms. Malini K V
Asst. Prof. & HOD,
Dept. of EEE

Sl. No Name of the Student USN

1 MANISH SAHANI 1SB17EE015
2 SUSHMA N 1SB17EE029
3 NIKHIL C M 1SB17EE019
External Viva
Name of the Examiners Signature with date
1) …………………………. …………………………
2) ………………………… …………………………
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of any project depends on help and co-
ordination of many people other than those who directly execute the
work.
It is difficult to express in words our profound sense of gratitude
to those who helped us but we make sense of gratitude to do so.

We wish to express our deep gratitude and indebtedness to our

institution SRI SAIRAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, which has
provided us with the opportunity in fulfilling our desire of becoming an
Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

We would like to express our immense gratitude to our beloved

chairman & CEO Sri. SAI PRAKASH LEO MUTHU for their support for
the success of this project.

We are grateful to Dr. B. SHADAKSHARAPPA, Principal SSCE &

Ms. MALINI K V, Asst. Prof. & HOD of Electrical and Electronics

Engineering department, for their moral support and academic
guidance through our period of study and completion of this project.

We sincerely acknowledge our deep sense of gratitude for our

guide Dr. RAMANA REDDY, Asst. Prof. & Ms. MALINI K V, Asst. Prof. &

HOD, Dept. of EEE for their timely suggestions along with constant
evaluations of our progress which helped us to speed up the work and
make it highly knowledge oriented. Our special thanks to them.

Our own lab Technical Staffs have lent their hand whenever
necessary. Our special thanks to all technical staff’s.

We take this opportunity to thank various people assisted us

either directly or indirectly during execution and completion of our
project.
Last but not least, I wish to thank our Parents and all our friends
who extended their help and Co-operation.
 ABSTRACT

The main objective of the project is to design a child tracking system. The system is
developed to have a live track on the child with a quick alarming feature enabled as soon as
it gets apart from a fixed distance. The device will also be enabled with facial recognition.
The device will usually have two devices interlinked in which one is of parental or the
officials. But at the same time we are also link a network of devices so that the nearest
device or the authority will reach to the child. The technologies which we are planning at

present to use are GPS, Bluetooth module, YOLOV3 for facial recognition. This paper
discusses the concept of a smart wearable device for little children. The major advantage of
this wearable over other wearable is that it can be used in any cell phone and doesn't
necessarily require an expensive Smartphone and not a very tech savvy individual to operate.

The purpose of this device is to help parents locate their children with ease. At the moment
there are many wearable’s in the market which help track the daily activity of children and

also help find the child using GPS services present on the device. Therefore, the focus of this
paper is to have an SMS text enabled communication medium between the child's wearable
and the parent as the environment for GSM mobile communication is almost present
everywhere.., the wearable device will send with a text containing the real time accurate
location of the child is 2m far from home which upon tapping will provide directions to the
child's location on Google maps app, The prime motivation behind this paper is that we know
how important technology is in our lives but it can sometimes can't be trusted, and we always
need to have a secondary measure at hand.
 CONTENTS
SL.NO TOPICS PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1OBJECTIVE

2 LITERATURE SURVEY

3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 WORK SEQUENCE FLOW

4 COMPONENTS USED

5 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
5.1 ARDUINO UNO
5.2 GSM MODULE
5.3 ULTRASONIC SENSOR
5.4 LCD DISPLAY
5.4.1 PIN DESCRIPTION
5.5 BUZZER
5.6 USB CAMERA

6 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
6.1 AURDINO SOFTWARE
6.1.1 WRITING SKETCHES
6.1.2 FILE
6.1.3 EDIT
6.1.4 SKETCH
6.1.5 TOOLS
6.1.6 HELP
6.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATIONS
6.3 PYTHON
6.3.1 PYTHON FEATURES
6.3.2 LIMITATIONS OF PYTHON
6.3.3 FLAVORS OF PYTHON
 6.3.4 APPLICATIONS OF PYTHON
6.3.5 VERSIONS OF PYTHON
6.3.6 PYTHON IN MACHINE LEARNING
6.4 WHAT IS MACHINE LEARNING
6.4.1 APPLICATIONS OF MACHINE LEARNING
ALGORITHMS
6.5 LIBRARIES AND PACKAGES
6.5.1 INSTALLATION
6.6 OPENCV- PYTHON
6.7 YOLO-ALGORITHM
6.7.1 WHAT IS YOLO OBJECT DETECTOR?
6.7.2 WHY THE YOLO ALGORITHM IS IMPORTANT?
6.8 YOLOV3 ALGORITHM
6.8.1 WHAT IS YOLOV3?
6.8.2 WHY THE NAME “YOU ONLY LOOK ONCE”?
6.8.3 HOW DOES YOLOV3 WORK?
6.8.4 THE ARCHITECTURE AT A GLANCE
6.8.5 WHATS NEW IN YOLOV3?
6.8.6 DISADVANTAGES OF YOLOV3 vs OTHER
ALGORITHMS

7 SYSTEM ANALYSIS
7.1 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
7.2 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

8 TEST RESULTS

9 ADVANTAGES

10 CONCLUSION
CHILD TRACKING DEVICE USING YOLOV3 TECHNOLOGY Page 7

CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION
The motivation for this wearable comes from the increasing need for safety for little
children in current times as there could be scenarios of the child getting lost in the major crowded
areas. This paper focuses on the key aspect that lost child can be helped by the people around the

child and can play a significant role in the child's safety until reunited with the parents. Most of
the wearable’s available today are focused on providing the location, activity, etc. of the child to

the parents via GPS. Today, innovations is developing quickly and giving all fundamental and
successful answers for each prerequisite. Presently a day's youngster security is a significant

space of concern. This model is created to amend the concerns of guardians in regards to their
youngster security. In this situation, Our framework guarantees greatest security and guarantees

live following for their children since parent stresses are certified. This paper proposed a model
for kid security through advanced mobile phones that gives the choice to follow the area of their
kids just as in the event of crisis youngsters can send a fast message and its present area by means
of Short Message administrations. This proposed framework is approved by testing on the

Android stage.

1.1 Objective

 The main objective of the project is to design a child tracking system.

• The system is developed to have a live track on the child with a quick alarming feature
enabled as soon as it gets apart from a fixed distance.
• The device will also be enabled with facial recognition.
• The device will usually have two devices interlinked in which one is of parental or the
officials. But at the same time we are also link a network of devices so that the nearest
device or the authority will reach to the child.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-2

LITERATURE SURVEY

TITLE AUTHOR YEAR DESCRIPTION

Child Safety Aditi Gupta, Vibhor 2016 Today, technology is growing rapidly and
& Tracking Harit- providing all essential and effective solutions
Department of
Management for every requirement. Now a day's child
Computer Science
System by security is an important area of concern. This
& Engineering,
Using GPS,
North India Institute model is developed to rectify the worries of
Geo-Fencing
of Technology, parents regarding their child security. In this
& Android Najibabad, UP, scenario, Our system ensures maximum
Application: India security and ensures live tracking for their
An Analysis kids because parent worries are genuine. This
paper proposed a model for child safety
through smart phones that provides the option
to track the location of their children as well
as in case of emergency children is able to
send a quick message and its current location
via Short Message services. This proposed
system is validated by testing on the Android
platform.
Easy to Wear Dhananjay Kumar, 2019 This paper presents an over simplistic design
Child Saurav, Ankur of an instrument which is targeted for
Guarding Yadav, Sharmila guarding little children against child theft and
Gadget missing from crowded places like shopping
malls or fairs or other potential crowded
places. The most remarkable feature of this
easy to wear device for little kids is its ability
to be controlled remotely by using a cell
phone and global system for mobile
communication (GSM).

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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Smart Gadget Mohamad Zikriya, 2019 As we know the present era is with equal
For Women Parmeshwar M G, rights, where in both men and women are
Safety Using Shanmukayyar taking equal responsibility in their respective
IoT Math, Shraddha works. Hence women are giving equal
Tankasali competition next to men in all fields, they are
assigned works in both the even and odd shift.
Every single day women and young girls from
all walks of life are being assaulted, molested,
and raped.
The Impact of Sundus M 2020 Technology plays vital role in our daily lives.
using Gadgets These include electronic games, home
on Children computers, handheld devices, and different
type of gadgets. Gadgets are popular in
children and as likely in elders. In this norm

we can’t keep our children out of this. This

paper presents the impact of gadgets on
children in positive and negative manner.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-3
METHODOLOGY
To protect the safety of children we are making use of GPS tracking to pinpoint the exact
location of the child. This location link will be sent to parent’s smartphone through SMS message

service which can be used by Google maps application to track the child. Distance between
caretaker and children will be monitored continuously, when the child is separated more than the
safety limit a sound alert will be made to draw the attention of the caretaker towards the child.
Python YOLO is used to recognize the image captured by the device and this image will be sent
to parent through email service.
Ultrasonic sensor is used to measure the distance between child and parent. Distance in cm

is displayed on LCD screen and serial monitor. If distance is more than predetermined safety limit
then buzzer is turned ON to alert the parent. Message for child is moving far from parent is

shown on LCD display. GPS module is used send the latitude and longitude positions to Arduino
Uno. The GPS location data is displayed on the LCD screen. GPS location data is sent to parent’s

smartphone with location link through SMS message service from GSM module. Google maps
application is used to track the child location. Camera takes the image of the person caring the

child. This image is processed through python and sent to parent through email service.

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

ULTRASONI BUZZE
C SENSOR R
ARDUIO
UNO
GSM

GPS
LCD
DISPLA
Y

CAMER PYTHO EMAIL

A N YOLO

Fig: Block diagram of system.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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A Arduino controls the system architecture of the wearable with an Arduino Uno boot-

loader. A 5 pin header allows for power (+3 V) and ground connections as well as providing
access to TX, RX, and reset pins of the Arduino. The Fig illustrates the architecture of the child

safety wearable device, which depicts the various technologies and technological standards used.
The system architecture of the wearable is based and controlled by Arduino with an Arduino Uno
boot loader. The Arduino Uno collects various types of data from the different modules
interfaced to it, such as the GPS module upon being triggered by the Arduino. The wearable
device, for now, is not built on a SOC model, rather has been proposed using larger components
and can later build on the SOC platform once put into manufacture. The wearable IOT device

tasked with acquiring various data from the all the different modules connected. The recorded
time and identity will be sent through a message. The wearable system runs on a battery with an
output voltage of 5V. In order to maximize power consumption, the wearable device has been
programmed to provide GPS information only upon request by SMS text via GSM shield.

3.2 WORK SEQUENCE FLOW

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-4

COMPONENTS USED

Hardware Requirements:

 Arduino Uno.
 GSM Module.
 GPS Module.
 Buzzer.
 Ultrasonic Sensor.
 Camera.
 LCD Display.

Software Requirements:

 Arduino IDE.
 Python.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-5

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

The most widely recognized arrangement of prerequisites characterized by any

working framework or programming application is the physical PC assets, otherwise called
equipment, an equipment necessities list is frequently joined by an equipment similarity
list, particularly if there should be an occurrence of working frameworks. A HCL records
tried, perfect, and now and then incongruent equipment gadgets for a specific working
framework or application. The accompanying sub-segments examine the different parts of

equipment prerequisites.
All PC working frameworks are intended for a specific PC design. Most programming

applications are restricted to specific working frameworks running on specific structures. In

spite of the fact that engineering free working frameworks and applications exist, most
should be recompiled to keep running on another design.
The energy of the focal preparing unit (CPU) is a central framework necessity for any

product. Most programming running on x86 engineering characterize preparing power as

the model and the clock speed of the CPU. Numerous different highlights of a CPU that
impact its speed and power, similar to transport speed, store, and MIPS are frequently
overlooked. This meaning of energy is regularly wrong, as AMD Intel Pentium CPUs at

comparative clock speed frequently have distinctive throughput speeds.

• 10GB HDD(min)

• 128 MB RAM(min)
• Pentium P4 Processor 2.8Ghz(min)

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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5.1 Arduino UNO

Fig: Arduino UNO

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and

software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a

Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing

something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the

microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on

Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.

Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday
objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students,

hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-source
platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible
knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.

5.2 GSM Module

Fig: GSM Module

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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SIM800 is a quad-band GSM/GPRS module designed for the global market. It works on

frequencies GSM 850MHz, EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and PCS 1900MHz. SIM800
features GPRS multi-slot class 12/ class 10 (optional) and supports the GPRS coding schemes

CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. With a tiny configuration of 24*24*3mm, SIM800 can meet almost
all the space requirements in users’ applications, such as M2M, smart phone, PDA and other

mobile devices. SIM800 has 68 SMT pads, and provides all hardware interfaces between the
module and customers’ boards. SIM800 is designed with power saving technique so that the

current consumption is as low as 1.2mA in sleep mode. SIM800 integrates TCP/IP protocol and
extended TCP/IP AT commands which are very useful for data transfer applications.

5.3 Ultrasonic Sensor

Fig: Ultrasonic Sensor

Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04 provides 2cm - 400cm non-contact measurement

function, the ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm. The modules includes ultrasonic transmitters,
receiver and control circuit

 5V Supply
 Trigger Pulse Input
 Echo Pulse Output
 0V Ground

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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5.4 LCD Display

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide
range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in
various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi
segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no
limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike in seven segments)
animations and so on.
A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this
LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely,
Command and Data.
The command register stores te command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an
instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the
cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the
LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to be displayed on the LCD. Click to learn
more about internal structure of a LCD.

Fig: LCD Display

Fig :LCD Pin Description

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5.4.1 Pin Description:

Pin No Function Name

1 Ground (0V) Ground

2 Supply voltage; 5V (4.7V – 5.3V) Vcc

3 Contrast adjustment; through a variable resistor VEE
4 Selects command register when low; and data register when high Register Select
5 Low to write to the register; High to read from the register Read/write
6 Sends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given Enable
7 DB0
8 DB1
9 DB2
10 DB3
8-bit data pins
11 DB4
12 DB5
13 DB6
14 DB7
15 Backlight VCC (5V) Led+

16 Backlight Ground (0V) Led-

5.5 Buzzer

Fig. Buzzer.

The buzzer is a sounding device that can convert audio signals into sound signals. It is
usually powered by DC voltage. It is widely used in alarms, computers, printers and other

electronic products as sound devices. A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may
be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (Piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers and

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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beepers include alarm devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a mouse click or
keystroke.

5.6 USB Camera

Fig :USB Camera

 Up & down 30 degrees rotatable, you can adjust the angle as you like.
 Support windows 2000/ XP/ Win7/ Win8/ Win10/ Vista 32bit./ Mac. Designed for both

laptop and desktop, auto White balance, auto color correction. Support various video meeting
software, ie, net meeting and works great with msn, WeChat, QQ, Yahoo and Skype etc.

 High definition and true color images, manual focus. Built-in sound absorption Microphone,
your voice can be heard clearly in 30 feet, meaning that you don't have to get close to even
kiss Your camera awkwardly.
 Imported Optical lens, High precision and no distorted pictures, compatible with USB.
 The computer would automatically install the driver in the Win7 and lower level system after
inserting this webcam, but in Win10, you don't need to install any driver, you can directly use
the video chat software features and then can see the picture.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-6

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

6.1 ARDUINO SOFTWARE (IDE)

The Arduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino Software (IDE) - contains

a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common
functions and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduino and Genuino hardware to upload
programs and communicate with them.

Fig: Arduino Tool

6.1.1 Writing Sketches

Programs composed utilizing Arduino Software (IDE) are called portrays. These
representations are composed in the content tool and are spared with the document expansion
.ino. The proofreader has highlights for cutting/gluing and for looking/supplanting content. The
message zone gives criticism while sparing and sending out and furthermore shows blunders. The

comfort shows content yield by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete blunder
messages and other data. The base right hand corner of the window shows the arranged board and

serial port. The toolbar catches permit you to check and transfer programs, make, open, and spare
outlines, and open the serial screen.

Upload

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Accumulates your code and transfers it to the designed board. See

transferring beneath for points of interest.

Note: If you are utilizing an outer software engineer with your board,

you can hold down the "move" key on your PC when utilizing this
symbol. The content will change to "Transfer utilizing Programmer"

New
Creates a new sketch.

Open
Presents a menu of all the representations in your sketchbook. Clicking
one will open it inside the present window overwriting its substance.

Note: because of a bug in Java, this menu doesn't scroll; on the off
chance that you have to open a draw late in the rundown, utilize the
File | Sketchbook menu.

Save
Saves your sketch.

Serial Monitor
Opens the serial monitor.

Additional commands are found within the five menus

o File
o Edit
o Sketch
o Tools
o Help.

The menus are setting delicate, which implies just those things significant to the work as of now
being done are accessible.

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Fig: Arduino Software

6.1.2 FILE

 New

Makes another occasion of the editorial manager, with the absolute minimum structure of
an outline already set up.

 Open
Permits to stack an outline document perusing through the PC drives and
envelopes.
 Open Recent
Provides a short list of the most recent sketches, ready to be opened.
 Sketchbook
Demonstrates the current portrays inside the sketchbook envelope structure;

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tapping on any name opens the relating sketch in another proofreader

example.
 Examples
Any case gave by the Arduino Software (IDE) or library appears in this menu
thing. Every one of the cases are organized in a tree that permits simple access by topic or

library.
 Close
Closes the instance of the Arduino Software from which it is clicked.
 Save
Spares the draw with the present name. On the off chance that the record hasn't
been named some time recently, a name will be given in a "Spare as.." window.
 Save as
Allows to save the current sketch with a different name.
 Page Setup
It shows the Page Setup window for printing.
 Print
Sends the current sketch to the printer according to the settings defined in Page
Setup.
 Preferences
Opens the Preferences window where some settings of the IDE may be
customized, as the language of the IDE interface.
 Quit
Shuts all IDE windows. The same representations open when Quit was picked
will be automatically revived whenever you begin the IDE.

6.1.3 EDIT

 Undo/Redo
Backpedals of at least one stages you did while altering; when you backpedal,
you may go ahead with Redo.
 Cut
Expels the chose content from the supervisor and spots it into the clipboard.

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 Copy
Copies the chose message in the manager and spots it into the clipboard.
 Copy for Forum
Duplicates the code of your portray to the clipboard in a frame appropriate for
presenting on the discussion, finish with sentence structure shading.
 Copy as HTML
Duplicates the code of your draw to the clipboard as HTML, reasonable for
Implanting in website pages.
 Paste
Puts the substance of the clipboard at the cursor position, in the editorial
manager.
 Select All
Chooses and highlights the entire substance of the editorial manager.
 Comment/Uncomment

Puts or evacuates the/remark marker toward the start of each chose line.

 Increase/Decrease Indent
Includes or subtracts a space toward the start of each chose line, moving the
text one space on the privilege or dispensing with a space toward the start.
 Find
Opens the Find and Replace window where you can indicate content to seek
inside the current draw as indicated by a few choices.
 Find Next
Highlights the following event - if any - of the string indicated as the pursuit

thing in the Find window, with respect to the cursor position.

 Find Previous
Highlights the past event - if any - of the string indicated as the hunt item in the
Find window with respect to the cursor position.

6.1.4 SKETCH

 Verify/Compile
Checks your outline for blunders arranging it; it will report memory utilization
for code and factors in the reassure territory.

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 Upload
Arranges and stacks the twofold document onto the designed board through
the configured Port.
 Upload Using Programmer
This will overwrite the boot loader on the board; you should utilize Tools >
Burn Boot loader to reestablish it and have the capacity to Upload to USB serial
port once more. In any case, it permits you to utilize the full limit of the Flash memory for

your sketch. It would be ideal if you take note of that this summon won't consume the
wires. To do as such a Tools - >Burn Boot loader charge must be executed.
 Export Compiled Binary
Spares a .hex document that might be kept as chronicle or sent to the board

utilizing different tools.

 Show Sketch Folder
Opens the current sketch folder.
 Include Library
Adds a library to your portray by embeddings #include explanations toward the
begin of your code. For more points of interest, see libraries underneath. Furthermore,
from this menu thing you can get to the Library Manager and import new libraries from
.compress records.

 Add File...

Adds a source record to the outline (it will be duplicated from its present area).

The new document shows up in another tab in the portray window. Documents
can be expelled from the portray utilizing the tab menu available tapping on the little
triangle symbol beneath the serial screen one on the correct side to the toolbar.

6.1.5 TOOLS

 Auto Format
This organizations your code pleasantly: i.e. indents it so that opening and shutting
wavy braces line down, and that the announcements inside wavy supports are indented
more.

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 Archive Sketch
Documents a duplicate of the present draw in .zip arrange. The file is set in the
same index as the draw.
 Fix Encoding & Reload
Fixes conceivable errors between the supervisor burn outline and other
operating frameworks scorch maps.
 Serial Monitor
Opens the serial screen window and starts the trading of information with any
connected board on the present chose Port. This as a rule resets the board, if

the board bolsters Reset over serial port opening.

 Board
Select the board that you're utilizing. See beneath for depictions of the
different boards.
 Port
This menu contains all the serial gadgets (genuine or virtual) on your machine.

It should consequently revive each time you open the top-level instruments
menu.

 Programmer
For choosing a hardware software engineer when programming a board or chip
and not using the locally available USB-serial association. Typically you won't require
this, however in the event that you're consuming a bootloader to another microcontroller,
you will utilize this.
 Burn Boot loader
The things in this menu permit you to consume a bootloader onto the
microcontroller on an Arduino board. This is not required for ordinary utilization of an
Arduino or Genuino board however is valuable in the event that you buy another ATmega
microcontroller Ensure that you've chosen the right board from the Boards menu before
consuming the bootloader on the objective board. This charge additionally set the correct
circuits.

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6.1.6 HELP

Here you find simple access to various reports that accompany the Arduino Software (IDE). You
have entry to Getting Started, Reference, this manual for the IDE and different archives locally,
without a web association. The reports are a nearby duplicate of the online ones and may connect

back to our online site.

 Find in Reference

This is the main intuitive capacity of the Help menu: it specifically chooses
the pertinent page in the neighborhood duplicate of the Reference for the
capacity or charge under the cursor.

6.2 Software Requirements Specifications

H/W System Configuration:

Device Arduino

S/W System Configuration:

Operating System Windows 10.

Technology Machine Learning.
IDLE Python 3.7 or higher.

Programming necessities manage characterizing programming asset necessities and

requirements that should be introduced on a PC to give ideal working of an application.
These necessities or requirements are for the most part excluded in the product
establishment bundle and should be introduced independently before the product is
introduced.

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 Python 3.7 or higher

 Pycharm
 opencv

Outline of advances
The innovations utilized is depicted as underneath:

6.3 PYTHON

• Python is a general purpose high level programming Language (human understandable

languages are High level programming languages)
• Python Developed by Guido Van Rossam
• 1989 National Research Institute(NRI) At Netherland
• Officially Python available to the public in 1991 :: FEB 20th 1991
Python was imagined in the late 1980s, and its usage started in December 1989 by Guido van
Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde and Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands as a successor to the

ABC dialect (itself roused by SETL) capable of exemption dealing with and interfacing with
the Amoeba working system. Van Rossum remains Python's chief creator. His proceeding with
focal part in Python's advancement is reflected in the title given him by the Python people
group:

6.3.1 Python Feature

• Simple and easy to learn

Python has only 33 keywords But JAVA has (53) keywords

• Free ware (There is no license we cannot pay anything)

& Open source (we can able to see source code if source is not good I can able to customize our

requirements)
• High level programming language (human understandable language)

Python Is Platform Independent (It means I can write a program once and run any where (WORA)
• Portability
Moving python program from one platform to another platform without changing any
thing.
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• Dynamically Typed Programming Language

In python we are not required to declare type in Python
• Both Object Oriented and Procedure Oriented Language
• Interpreted Language
It means we are not going to compile
• Extensible
We can use Other Programming Language in Python

6.3.2 Limitations of python

• Performance wise it is not up to the mark Beacause its an interpreted language

Interpreter able to see only one line
(JAVA is better performace compare to python in java JIT (just intime compiler) concept is there
• Mobile appications it is not up to the mark
Myth:-python is not suitable large scale enterprise applications

6.3.3 Flavors of python

• Cpython :- It can be standard, It can be used to c language python

• Jpython or jpython :- it is for JAVA application

• Iron python:-to work with microsoft .net platform

• Pypy :-Internally JIT (just intime compiler) compiler is there so performance wise too
good
• Ruby python:- used for ruby application

• Anaconda python:- To handle Big-data happily go for Anaconda python

• Stackless (python for concurrancy) :-

parallely you execute (like mutithread) so go for stackless.

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6.3.4 APPLICATIONS OF PYTHON

 GUI-Based Desktop Applications:

Python has simple syntax, modular architecture, rich text processing tools and the ability
to work on multiple operating systems which make it a desirable choice for developing desktop-

based applications. There are various GUI toolkits like wxPython, PyQt or PyGtk available which
help developers create highly functional Graphical User Interface (GUI). The various applications
developed using Python includes:

 Image Processing and Graphic Design Applications:

Python has been used to make 2D imaging software such as Inkscape, GIMP, Paint
Shop Pro and Scribus. Further, 3D animation packages, like Blender, 3ds Max,
Cinema 4D, Houdini, Lightwave and Maya, also use Python in variable proportions.

 Scientific and Computational Applications:

The higher speeds, productivity and availability of tools, such as Scientific Python
and Numeric Python, have resulted in Python becoming an integral part of
applications involved in computation and processing of scientific data. 3D modeling
software, such as FreeCAD, and finite element method software, such as Abaqus, are
coded in Python.

 Games:

Python has various modules, libraries and platforms that support development of
games. For example, PySoy is a 3D game engine supporting Python 3, and PyGame
provides functionality and a library for game development. There have been

numerous games built using Python including Civilization-IV, Disney’s Toontown

Online, Vega Strike etc.

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 Web Frameworks and Web Applications:

Python has been used to create a variety of web-frameworks including CherryPy,

Django, TurboGears, Bottle, Flask etc. These frameworks provide standard libraries and modules
which simplify tasks related to content management, interaction with database and interfacing
with different internet protocols such as HTTP, SMTP, XML-RPC, FTP and POP. Plone, a
content management system; ERP5, an open source ERP which is used in aerospace, apparel and
banking; Odoo – a consolidated suite of business applications; and Google App engine are a few
of the popular web applications based on Python.

 Enterprise and Business Applications:

With features that include special libraries, extensibility, scalability and easily readable
syntax, Python is a suitable coding language for customizing larger applications. Reddit, which
was originally written in Common Lips, was rewritten in Python in 2005. Python also contributed
in a large part to functionality in YouTube.

 Operating Systems:

Python is often an integral part of Linux distributions. For instance, Ubuntu’s Ubiquity
Installer, and Fedora’s and Red Hat Enterprise Linux’s Anaconda Installer are written in Python.
Gentoo Linux makes use of Python for Portage, its package management system.

 Language Development:

Python’s design and module architecture has influenced development of numerous

languages. Boo language uses an object model, syntax and indentation, similar to Python.
Further, syntax of languages like Apple’s Swift, CoffeeScript, Cobra, and OCaml all share
similarity with Python.

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 Prototyping:

Besides being quick and easy to learn, Python also has the open source advantage of being
free with the support of a large community. This makes it the preferred choice for prototype
development. Further, the agility, extensibility and scalability and ease of refactoring code

associated with Python allow faster development from initial prototype.Since its origin in 1989,
Python has grown to become part of a plethora of web-based, desktop-based, graphic design,

scientific, and computational applications. With Python available for Windows, Mac OS X and
Linux / UNIX, it offers ease of development for enterprises. Additionally, the latest release

Python 3.4.3 builds on the existing strengths of the language, with drastic improvement in
Unicode support, among other new features.

6.3.5 Versions of python

• Python 1.0 Introduced in jan 1994

• Python 2.0 Introduced in oct 2000

• Python 3.0 introduced in dec 2008
latest version
python 3.6.3  2016

python 3.7
Any new version should provide support for old version programs
• There is no- backward compatibility support
• Python 3 is not support to python 2 program

6.3.6 Python in Machine Learning

Python has libraries that enables developers to use optimized algorithms. It implements

popular machine learning techniques such as recommendation, classification, and clustering.

Therefore, it is necessary to have a brief introduction to machine learning before we move
further.

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6.4 What is Machine Learning?

Data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence are some of the top trending
topics in the tech world today. Data mining and Bayesian analysis are trending and this is adding
the demand for machine learning. This tutorial is your entry into the world of machine learning.
Machine learning is a discipline that deals with programming the systems so as to make them
automatically learn and improve with experience. Here, learning implies recognizing and

understanding the input data and taking informed decisions based on the supplied data. It is very
difficult to consider all the decisions based on all possible inputs. To solve this problem,
algorithms are developed that build knowledge from a specific data and past experience by
applying the principles of statistical science, probability, logic, mathematical optimization,
reinforcement learning, and control theory.

6.4.1 Applications of Machine Learning Algorithms

The developed machine learning algorithms are used in various applications such as:
Vision processing

Language processing

Forecasting things like stock market trends, weather

Pattern recognition

Games

Data mining

Expert systems

Robotics

6.5 Libraries and Packages

To understand machine learning, you need to have basic knowledge of Python

programming. In addition, there are a number of libraries and packages generally used in

performing various machine learning tasks as listed below:

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numpy - is used for its N-dimensional array objects

pandas – is a data analysis library that includes data frames

matplotlib – is 2D plotting library for creating graphs and plots

scikit-learn - the algorithms used for data analysis and data mining tasks

seaborn – a data visualization library based on matplotlib

6.5.1 Installation

You can install software for machine learning in any of the two methods as discussed here:

 Method 1

Download and install Python separately from python.org on various operating systems as
explained below:

To install Python after downloading, double click the .exe (for Windows) or .pkg (for Mac) file
and follow the instructions on the screen.
For Linux OS, check if Python is already installed by using the following command at the
prompt:

$ python --version. ...

If Python 2.7 or later is not installed, install Python with the distribution's package manager. Note

that the command and package name varies.

On Debian derivatives such as Ubuntu, you can use apt:

$ sudo apt-get install python3

Now, open the command prompt and run the following command to verify that Python is
installed correctly:
$ python3 --version

Python 3.6.2

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Python Machine Learning – Environment Setup

Similarly, we can download and install necessary libraries like numpy, matplotlib etc.
individually using installers like pip. For this purpose, you can use the commands shown here:
$pip install numpy
$pip install matplotlib
$pip install pandas
$pip install seaborn

 Method 2

Alternatively, to install Python and other scientific computing and machine learning
packages simultaneously, we should install Anaconda distribution. It is a Python implementation
for Linux, Windows and OSX, and comprises various machine learning packages like numpy,
scikit-learn, and matplotlib. It also includes Jupyter Notebook, an interactive Python
environment. We can install Python 2.7 or any 3.x version as per our requirement.
To download the free Anaconda Python distribution from Continuum Analytics, you can do the
following:

Visit the official site of Continuum Analytics and its download page. Note that the installation

process may take 15-20 minutes as the installer contains Python, associated packages, a code
editor, and some other files. Depending on your operating system, choose the installation process

as explained here:

For Windows: Select the Anaconda for Windows section and look in the column with Python
2.7 or 3.x. You can find that there are two versions of the installer, one for 32-bit Windows, and

one for 64-bit Windows. Choose the relevant one.

For Mac OS: Scroll to the Anaconda for OS X section. Look in the column with Python 2.7 or

3.x. Note that here there is only one version of the installer: the 64-bit version.
For Linux OS: We select the "Anaconda for Linux" section. Look in the column with Python 2.7

or 3.x.

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Note that you have to ensure that Anaconda’s Python distribution installs into a single directory,

and does not affect other Python installations, if any, on your system.
To work with graphs and plots, we will need these Python library packages: matplotlib and

seaborn.
If you are using Anaconda Python, your system already has numpy, matplotlib, pandas, seaborn,
etc. installed. We start the Anaconda Navigator to access either Jupyter Note book or Spyder IDE
of python.

After opening either of them, type the following commands:

import numpy
import matplotlib Python Machine Learning
Now, we need to check if installation is successful. For this, go to the command line and type in

the following command:

$ python
Python 3.6.3 |Anaconda custom (32-bit)| (default, Oct 13 2017, 14:21:34)
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux

Next, you can import the required libraries and print their versions as shown:
>>>import numpy
>>>print numpy.__version__
1.14.2
>>> import matplotlib
>>> print (matplotlib.__version__)

2.1.2
>> import pandas
>>> print (pandas.__version__)
0.22.0
>>> import seaborn
>>> print (seaborn.__version__)

6.6 OpenCV-Python

OpenCV-Python is a library of Python bindings designed to solve computer vision

problems.

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Python is a general purpose programming language started by Guido van Rossum that
became very popular very quickly, mainly because of its simplicity and code readability. It
enables the programmer to express ideas in fewer lines of code without reducing readability.

Compared to languages like C/C++, Python is slower. That said, Python can be easily

extended with C/C++, which allows us to write computationally intensive code in C/C++ and
create Python wrappers that can be used as Python modules. This gives us two advantages: first,

the code is as fast as the original C/C++ code (since it is the actual C++ code working in
background) and second, it easier to code in Python than C/C++. OpenCV-Python is a Python
wrapper for the original OpenCV C++ implementation.

OpenCV-Python makes use of Numpy, which is a highly optimized library for numerical
operations with a MATLAB-style syntax. All the OpenCV array structures are converted to and

from Numpy arrays. This also makes it easier to integrate with other libraries that use Numpy
such as SciPy and Matplotlib.

6.7 YOLO algorithm

YOLO is an abbreviation for the term ‘You Only Look Once’. This is an algorithm that
detects and recognizes various objects in a picture (in real-time). Object detection in YOLO is
done as a regression problem and provides the class probabilities of the detected images.

YOLO algorithm employs convolutional neural networks (CNN) to detect objects in real-
time. As the name suggests, the algorithm requires only a single forward propagation through a
neural network to detect objects.

This means that prediction in the entire image is done in a single algorithm run. The CNN
is used to predict various class probabilities and bounding boxes simultaneously.

The YOLO algorithm consists of various variants. Some of the common ones include tiny
YOLO and YOLOv3.

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6.7.1 What is the YOLO object detector?

Figure 1: A simplified illustration of the YOLO object detector pipeline (source). We’ll use

YOLO with OpenCV in this blog post.

When it comes to deep learning-based object detection, there are three primary object detectors
you’ll encounter:

 R-CNN and their variants, including the original R-CNN, Fast R- CNN, and Faster R-CNN

 Single Shot Detector (SSDs)

 YOLO

6.7.2 Why the YOLO algorithm is important?

YOLO algorithm is important because of the following reasons:

 Speed: This algorithm improves the speed of detection because it can predict objects in
real-time.
 High accuracy: YOLO is a predictive technique that provides accurate results with
minimal background errors.
 Learning capabilities: The algorithm has excellent learning capabilities that enable it to
learn the representations of objects and apply them in object detection.

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6.8 YOLOV3 ALGORITHM

6.8.1 What is YOLOv3?

YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once, Version 3) is a real-time object detection algorithm that
identifies specific objects in videos, live feeds, or images. YOLO uses features learned by a deep
convolutional neural network to detect an object. Versions 1-3 of YOLO were created by Joseph
Redmon and Ali Farhadi.

The first version of YOLO was created in 2016, and version 3, which is discussed
extensively in this article, was made two years later in 2018. YOLO is implemented using the
Keras or OpenCV deep learning libraries.

Object classification systems are used by Artificial Intelligence (AI) programs to perceive
specific objects in a class as subjects of interest. The systems sort objects in images into groups
where objects with similar characteristics are placed together, while others are neglected unless
programmed to do otherwise.

6.8.2 Why the name “you only look once”?

As typical for object detectors, the features learned by the convolutional layers are passed
onto a classifier which makes the detection prediction. In YOLO, the prediction is based on a
convolutional layer that uses 1×1 convolutions.

YOLO is named “you only look once” because its prediction uses 1×1 convolutions; the size
of the prediction map is exactly the size of the feature map before it.

Fig: YOLOV3 Computer Version

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6.8.3 How does YOLOv3 work?

YOLO is a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for performing object detection in real-
time. CNNs are classifier-based systems that can process input images as structured arrays of data
and identify patterns between them. YOLO has the advantage of being much faster than other
networks and still maintains accuracy.

Fig: YOLOV3 Working

It allows the model to look at the whole image at test time, so its predictions are
informed by the global context in the image. YOLO and other convolutional neural
network algorithms “score” regions based on their similarities to predefined classes.

High-scoring regions are noted as positive detections of whatever class they most
closely identify with. For example, in a live feed of traffic, YOLO can be used to detect
different kinds of vehicles depending on which regions of the video score highly in
comparison to predefined classes of vehicles.

6.8.4 The Architecture at a Glance

The YOLOv3 algorithm first separates an image into a grid. Each grid cell predicts some
number of boundary boxes (sometimes referred to as anchor boxes) around objects that score
highly with the aforementioned predefined classes.

Each boundary box has a respective confidence score of how accurate it assumes that
prediction should be and detects only one object per bounding box. The boundary boxes are
generated by clustering the dimensions of the ground truth boxes from the original dataset to find
the most common shapes and sizes.

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Other comparable algorithms that can carry out the same objective are R-CNN (Region-
based Convolutional Neural Networks made in 2015) and Fast R-CNN (R-CNN improvement
developed in 2017), and Mask R-CNN.

However, unlike systems like R-CNN and Fast R-CNN, YOLO is trained to do classification
and bounding box regression at the same time.

6.8.5 What’s New in YOLOv3?

There are major differences between YOLOv3 and older versions occur in terms of
speed, precision, and specificity of classes. YOLOv2 and YOLOv3 are worlds apart in
terms of accuracy, speed, and architecture. YOLOv2 came out in 2016, two years before
YOLOv3.

The following sections will give an overview of what’s new in YOLOv3.

 Speed
YOLOv2 was using Darknet-19 as its backbone feature extractor, while YOLOv3 now uses
Darknet-53. Darknet-53 is a backbone also made by the YOLO creators Joseph Redmon and Ali
Farhadi.

Darknet-53 has 53 convolutional layers instead of the previous 19, making it more powerful
than Darknet-19 and more efficient than competing backbones (ResNet-101 or ResNet-152).

Comparison of backbones. Accuracy, billions of operations (Ops), billion floating-point

operations per second (BFLOP/s), and frames per second (FPS) for various networks

Using the chart provided in the YOLOv3 paper by Redmon and Farhadi, we can see that
Darknet-52 is 1.5 times faster than ResNet101. The depicted accuracy doesn’t entail any trade-off
between accuracy and speed between Darknet backbones either since it is still as accurate as
ResNet-152 yet two times faster.

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YOLOv3 is fast and accurate in terms of mean average precision (mAP) and intersection
over union (IOU) values as well. It runs significantly faster than other detection methods with
comparable performance (hence the name – You only look once).

Moreover, you can easily trade-off between speed and accuracy simply by changing the
model’s size, and no retraining required.

Fig: YOLOv3 runs much faster than other detection methods with a comparable
performance using an M40/Titan X GPU

 Precision for Small Objects

The chart below (taken and modified from the YOLOv3 paper) shows the average precision
(AP) of detecting small, medium, and large images with various algorithms and backbones. The
higher the AP, the more accurate it is for that variable.

The precision for small objects in YOLOv2 was incomparable to other algorithms because of
how inaccurate YOLO was at detecting small objects. With an AP of 5.0, it paled compared to
other algorithms like RetinaNet (21.8) or SSD513 (10.2), which had the second-lowest AP for
small objects.

YOLOv3 increased the AP for small objects by 13.3, which is a massive advance from
YOLOv2. However, the average precision (AP) for all objects (small, medium, large) is still less
than RetinaNet

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Fig: YOLOv3 comparison for different object sizes showing the average precision (AP) for
AP-S (small object size), AP-M (medium object size), AP-L (large object size)

 Specificity of Classes
The new YOLOv3 uses independent logistic classifiers and binary cross-entropy loss for the
class predictions during training. These edits make it possible to use complex datasets such as
Microsoft’s Open Images Dataset (OID) for YOLOv3 model training. OID contains dozens of
overlapping labels, such as “man” and “person” for images in the dataset.

YOLOv3 uses a multilabel approach which allows classes to be more specific and be
multiple for individual bounding boxes. Meanwhile, YOLOv2 used a softmax, which is a
mathematical function that converts a vector of numbers into a vector of probabilities, where the
probabilities of each value are proportional to the relative scale of each value in the vector.

Using a softmax makes it so that each bounding box can only belong to one class, which is
sometimes not the case, especially with datasets like OID.

Fig: Object Detection to recognize animals with YOLO in a farming application

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6.8.6 Disadvantages of YOLOv3 vs. Other Algorithms

The YOLOv3 AP does indicate a trade-off between speed and accuracy for using YOLO
when compared to RetinaNet since RetinaNet training time is greater than YOLOv3. However,
the accuracy of detecting objects with YOLOv3 can be made equal to the accuracy when using
RetinaNet by having a larger dataset, making it an ideal option for models that can be trained
with large datasets.

An example of this would be common detection models like traffic detection, where plenty of
data can be used to train the model since the number of images of different vehicles is plentiful.
On the other hand, YOLOv3 may not be ideal for using niche models where large datasets can be
hard to obtain.

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CHAPTER-7

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Prediction of terrorism activities is an important area of concern for researchers. The large
number of events makes it difficult to predict terrorist group responsible for some terrorist
activity.
The current research is focused on finding out the correlation between terrorism and its
causal factors. Existing efforts have not been good enough for prediction. Machine learning
approaches can ad in predicting the likelihood of a terrorist attack, given the required data. The
results of this work can help the security agencies and policy makers to eradicate terrorism by
taking relevant and effective measures.
Hence there is an approach to analyzing terrorism region and country with the machine learning
techniques and terrorism specific knowledge to fetch conclusions about terrorist behavior
patterns.

7.1 Functional Requirements

The particular necessities are user interfaces. The outside clients are the customers. Every one
of the customers can utilize this product for ordering and looking.

 Hardware Interfaces: The outside equipment interface utilized for ordering and looking is
PCs of the customers. The PC's might be portable PCs with remote LAN as the web

association gave will be remote.

 Software Interfaces: The working Frameworks can be any rendition of windows.

 Performance Prerequisites: The PC's utilized must be at least pentium 4 machine with the
goal that they can give ideal execution of the item.

7.2 Non-Functional Requirements

Non utilitarian necessities are the capacities offered by the framework. It incorporates time

imperative and requirement on the advancement procedure and models. The non useful
prerequisites are as per the following:

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 Speed: The framework ought to prepare the given contribution to yield inside fitting time.

 Ease of utilization: The product tought to be easy to understand. At that point the clients can
utilize effortlessly, so it doesn't require much preparing time.

 Reliability: The rate of disappointments ought to be less then just the framework is more
solid.

 Portability: It thought to be anything but difficult to actualize in any framework

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CHAPTER-8

TEST RESULTS

TEST 1: Child is safe.

 Ultrasonic sensor measures the distance between child and parent.

 Distance in cm is displayed on LCD screen and serial monitor.

 Distance is less than safety limit hence buzzer is turned off.

 Safety message is shown on the LCD display.

 GPS module sends the latitude and longitude positions to Arduino Uno.
 Location data is displayed on the LCD screen.

TEST 2: Child is not safe.

 Ultrasonic sensor measures the distance between child and parent.

 Distance in cm is displayed on LCD screen and serial monitor.

 Distance is more than safety limit hence buzzer is turned ON to alert the parent.

 Message for child is apart from parent is shown LCD display.

 GPS module sends the latitude and longitude positions to Arduino Uno.

 Location data is displayed on the LCD screen.

 GPS location data is sent to parent’s smartphone with location link through SMS

message service from GSM module.

 Google maps application is used to track the child location.

 Camera takes the image of the person caring the child.

 This image is processed through python and sent to parent through email service.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-9

ADVANTAGES

• Know the current location. Our Kids GPS Tracker provides real-time location of
your children.

• Get travel details of kids at any time.

• Emergency call.

• Message Alerts.

• Track your child even in a crowd.

• Uses of GPS Trackers for your Kids.

• Image capture for recognizing the caretaker and surroundings.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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CHAPTER-10

CONCLUSION

The child safety wearable device is capable of acting as a smart device. It provides parents

with the real-time location and SOS light along with Distress alarm buzzer for their child's is 2m
or more than that distance far and the ability to locate their child or alert bystanders in acting to
rescue or comfort the child. The smart child safety wearable can be enhanced much more in the
future by using highly compact Arduino modules such as the Arduino which can be sewed into
fabrics. Also a more power efficient model will have to be created which will be capable of
holding the battery for a longer time.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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REFERERENCES

[1] Aditi Gupta, Vibhor Harit- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, North India

Institute of Technology, Najibabad, UP, India “Child Safety & Tracking Management System by

Using GPS, Geo-Fencing & Android Application: An Analysis” 18 August 2016.

[2] H. Moustafa, H. Kenn, K. Sayrafian, W. Scanlon and Y. Zhang, "Mobile wearable

communications [Guest Editorial]," in IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. lO-l1,

February 2015.

[3] S. Nasrin and P.1. Radcliffe, "Novel protocol enables DIY home automation,"
Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ATNAC), 2014 Australasian,

Southbank, VIC, 2014, pp. 212-216.

[4] F. A. Silva, "Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks: Applications, Protocols, and Standards
[Book News]," in IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 67-68, Dec. 2014.

[5]Jun Zheng; Simplot-Ryl, D.; Bisdikian, c.; Mouftah, H.T., "The internet of things [Guest

Editorial]," in Communications Magazine, IEEE , vo1.49, no.ll, pp.30-31, November 2011 doi:
10.1109/MCOM.2011.6069706.

[6]K. Braam, Tsung-Ching Huang, Chin-Hui Chen, E. Montgomery, S. Vo and R. Beausoleil,

"Wristband Vital: A wearable multi-sensor microsystem for real-time assistance via low-power
Bluetooth link," Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2015 IEEE 2nd World Forwn on, Milan, 2015, pp.

87-9l. doi: 10.l109/WF-IoT.2015.7389032.

[7] "Digital parenting: The best wearables and new smart baby monitors. The latest smart baby
monitors and connected tech for your peace of mind,'Tech. Rep., 2015. [Online]. Available:

http://www.wareable.com/parenting/the-best -wearab lesbabies- smart-baby-monitors.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
CHILD TRACKING DEVICE USING YOLOV3 TECHNOLOGY Page 50

. [8] "WiFi and WiMAX - break through in wireless access technologies," Wireless, Mobile and

Multimedia Networks, 2008. lET International Conference on, Beijing, 2008, pp. 141- 145.

[9] P. Bhagwat, "Bluetooth: technology for short-range wireless apps," in IEEE Internet
Computing, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 96-103, May/Jun 200l.

[lO] Y. A. Badamasi, "The working principle of an Arduino," Electronics, Computer and

Computation (ICECCO), 2014 11th International Conference on, Abuja, 2014, pp. 1-4.

[11] N. N. Prince, "Design and implementation of Arduino based short message service control
system," Internet Technology and Secured Transactions (ICITST), 2013 8th International

Conference for, London, 2013, pp. 494-499.

[12] A. Anastasiou, C. Tsirmpas, A. Rompas, K. Giokas and D. Koutsouris, "3D printing: Basic
concepts mathematics and technologies," Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE), 2013 IEEE

13th International Conference on, Chania, 2013, pp. 1-4.

[13] B. Dorsemaine, 1. P. Gaulier, 1. P. Wary, N. Kheir and P. Urien, "Internet of Things: A

Definition and Taxonomy," Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies,

2015 9th International Conference on, Cambridge, 2015, pp. 72- 77.

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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PHOTOS

Compilation of program in arduino software

When the object is far (ie at distance 17)

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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When the object is near (ie at distance 2)

Running the program in python software

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
CHILD TRACKING DEVICE USING YOLOV3 TECHNOLOGY Page 53

Output of the program in python software

Location link sent to the number stored through sms

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru
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Image sent through the mail

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam College of Engineering, Bengaluru