Republic of the Philippines

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WITH SOFTWARE APPLICATION

FINAL EXAMINATION

Name : Dianne Mae S. Cruz Course&Section : BSMA 2-1

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter corresponding to the best answer on a yellow paper on each item.
Write NONE if no correct choice is given. Make sure to write also your solutions.

A 1. Which of the following is an alternative hypothesis?

(a) There will be a significant difference between the length of time taken to complete a test online and the time
taken to complete a test on paper.
(b) There is no significant factors.
(c) There will be no difference between the length of time taken to complete tests online and tests completed
on paper, and if there is it is due to chance.
(d) None of the above
B 2. The alternative hypothesis of F-test is .

(a) Equal variances assumed (c) Data follows a Normal Distribution

(b) Equal variances Not assumed (d) Data does not follows a Normal Distribution

B 3. The two forms of t-tests are

(a) One-way and two-way (c) Chi-square - Independent

(b) Independent and dependent (d) Pearson r and chi-square

C 4. If a researcher conducts a study in which the reading ability of a class of 20 second graders is tested at the
beginning and at the end of the year, the appropriate statistical procedure to analyze the results would be

(a) One-way ANOVA (c) Dependent sample t - test

(b) Independent sample t - test (d) Pearson r

A 5. Suppose a researcher is conducting a study in which five groups of adults, each group having a distinct life
situation, are assessed on a measure of stress. The appropriate statistical procedure to compare the groups is a(n)

(a) One-way ANOVA (c) Dependent sample t - test

(b) Independent sample t - test (d) Pearson r

B 6. When the value of x variable increases and the value of y variable also increases. It is known as .

(a) No Relationship (c) Inverse Relationship

(b) Direct Relationship (d) None of the above
 C 7. If the computed correlation coefficient of two continuous variables is 0.967, then describe the relationship.
(a) Weak Negative and Inverse Relationship
(b) Strong Negative and Inverse Relationship
(c) Strong Positive and Direct Relationship
(d) Weak Positive and Direct Relationship
C 8. If the computed value for Pearson r is negative, this implies that there is a/an relationship between variables x
and y.

(a) No Relationship (c) Inverse Relationship

(b) Direct Relationship (d) Undefined

A 9. You find children who take vitamins have higher health index scores than children who do not take vitamins (p <
0.05). You have found that these two groups of children are

(a) significantly different

(b) different because of chance
(c) positively correlated
(d) negatively correlated
A 10. A conclusion in a research on Science Teaching in selected Quezon City high schools states, Most schools are lack
of adequate facilities. Which of the following is a proper recommendation for this conclusion?

(a) School administrators should be pro-active and skillful in acquiring adequate facilities.
(b) School administrators should conduct Science achievement tests that are centralized and uniform
(c) School administrators should hire more competent Science teachers for proper handling of the facilities.
(d) School administrators should work on the revision of the Science curricula so that lessons may adapt with
the facilities.
B 11. Which of the following is a positive correlation?
(a) Gas mileage decreases as vehicle weight increases
(b) As study time decreases, students achieve lower grades
(c) As levels of self-esteem decline, levels of depression increase
(d) People who exercise regularly are less likely to be obese
D 12. A friend of mine studies the effects of praise on happiness. She believes that children who receive praise are
happier overall than children who do not receive praise. She measures happiness by counting the number of times
a child smiles in a one hour period. She knows that in the population of children who do not receive praise smiles
average 4 times per hour with a standard deviation of .5, and that these data are normally distributed. She selects
a sample of 100 children whom she knows receive praise and finds that they smile an average of 3.5 times per
hour.
An appropriate null hypothesis for this study is:

(a) Children who receive praise smile more than children who do not.
(b) Children who receive praise smile the same amount as children who do not.
(c) Children who receive praise are happier than children who do not.
(d) Children who receive praise do not smile more than children who do not.
B 13. What is the criterion for rejecting the null hypothesis using p value approach?
(a) If p value is less than or equal to the level of significance retain Ho, otherwise Reject Ho.
(b) If p value is less than or equal to the level of significance reject Ho, otherwise retain Ho.
(c) If p value is greater than or equal to the level of significance reject Ho, otherwise retain Ho.
(d) If p value is greater than or equal to the level of significance retain Ho, otherwise Reject Ho.
D 14. The alternative hypothesis of Shapiro wilk test is
(a) Equal variances assumed (c) Data follows a Normal Distribution
(b) Equal variances Not assumed (d) Data does not follows a Normal Distribution

C 15. An inspector needs to learn if customers are getting fewer ounces of a soft drink than the 28 ounces stated on the
label. After she collects data from a sample of bottles, she is going to conduct a test of a hypothesis. She should use

(a) A two tailed test.

(b) A one tailed test with an alternative to the right.
(c) A one tailed test with an alternative to the left.
(d) Either a one or a two tailed test because they are equivalent.
D 16. A hypothesis test is done in which the alternative hypothesis is that more than 10% of a population is left handed.
The computed p value is 0.25. Which statement is correct?

(a) We can conclude that more than 10% of the population is left-handed.
(b) We can conclude that more than 25% of the population is left-handed.
(c) We can conclude that exactly 25% of the population is left-handed.
(d) We cannot conclude that more than 10% of the population is left-handed.
B 17. If there is a negative correlation between no. of absences students have and grades. What can we conclude from
this research finding?

(a) That being absent leads to lower grades

(b) That students that are absent more often are likely to have lower grades
(c) That low grades leads to people being absent
(d) That this is an illusory correlation
D 18. It is a procedure on sample evidence and probability, used to test claims regarding a characteristic of one or more
populations.

(a) Parametric Statistics (c) Hypothesis

(b) Non-Parametric Statistics (d) Hypothesis Testing

A 19. If the computed p-value is 0.0001 and the level of significance is 0.01, what do you think will be the decision of
the researcher?

(a) Reject Ho (c) Reject Ha

(b) Failed to Reject Ho (d) Failed to Reject Ha

D 20. Which of the following statistical test is not used for testing significant difference?

(a) One-way ANOVA (c) Dependent sample t - test

(b) Independent sample t - test (d) Pearson r
 Problem Solving

A. The ACT is a college entrance exam. ACT has determined that a score of 22 on the mathematics portion of the ACT
suggests that a student is ready for college-level mathematics. To achieve this goal, ACT recommends that students take
a core curriculum of math courses: Algebra I, Algebra II, and Geometry. Suppose a random sample of 200 students who
completed this core set of courses results in a mean ACT math score of 22.6 with a standard deviation of 3.9. Do these
results suggest that students who complete the core curriculum are ready for college-level mathematics? That is, are
they scoring above 22 on the math portion of the ACT?
1. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses.
Null Hypothesis:
The results do not suggest that students who complete the core curriculum are ready for college
level mathematics.
Alternative Hypothesis:
The results do suggest that students who complete the core curriculum are ready for college level
mathematics.
2. If p - value is 0.001, write your decision and conclusion.
α= 0.10
P-value = 0.001
P-value ≤ 0.10; Reject Ho

Conclusion: There is sufficient evidence to support that students who complete the core curriculum are
ready for college level mathematics.

Indicator Mean P-Value Decision Remarks

ACT Math 22.6 0.001 Reject Ho Significant
Score

B. A corporation owns a chain of several hundred gasoline stations on the eastern seaboard. The marketing director
wants to test a proposed marketing campaign by running ads on some local television stations and determining whether
gasoline sales at a sample of the company’s stations increase after the advertising. The following data represent gasoline
sales for a day before and a day after the advertising campaign. Determine whether sales increased significantly after
the advertising campaign. Use an alpha of 0.05.

Station Before After

1 10,500 12,600
2 8,870 10,660
3 12,300 11,890
4 10,510 14,630
5 5,570 8,580
6 9,150 10,115
7 11,980 14,350
8 6,740 6,900
9 7,340 8,890
10 13,400 16,540
11 12,200 11,300
12 10,570 13,330
 13 9,880 9,990
14 12,100 14,050
15 9000 9,500
16 11,800 12,450
17 10500 13,450

1. Step 1: State the Null and Alternative Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis:
There is no significant difference on gasoline sales for a day between not having and having
an advertising campaign.
Alternative Hypothesis:
There is a significant difference on gasoline sales for a day between not having and having
an advertising campaign.

2. Step 2: Set the Level of Significance or Alpha Level (α)

α= 0.10

3. Step 3: Determine the Test Distribution to Use

Dependent Variable:
Gasoline sales for a day
Independent Variable:
Treatment (Before and after having an advertising campaign)

Since we are comparing the means of two related groups, we will use the dependent sample t-test

4. Step 4: Calculate Test Statistic or p – value

t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means

Before After
Mean 10141.76 11719.12
Variance 4646603 6491607
Observations 17 17
Pearson Correlation 0.832084
Hypothesized Mean
Difference 0
df 16
t Stat -4.60068
P(T<=t) one-tail 0.000148
t Critical one-tail 1.336757
P(T<=t) two-tail 0.000295
t Critical two-tail 1.745884

5. Step 5: Make Statistical Decision

P-value = 0.000148
P-value ≤ 0.10; Reject Ho
6. Step 6: Draw Conclusion
There is sufficient evidence to support that there is a significant difference on gasoline sales for a
day between not having and having an advertising campaign.

Indicator Treatment Mean t-value p-value Decision Remarks

-
Gasoline sales for a day Before 10141.76 4.60068 0.000148 Reject Ho Significant
After 11719.12