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Physioex Lab Report: Pre-Lab Quiz Results

The document summarizes a PhysioEx lab report on the effects of various ions on heart rate. The student correctly answered pre-lab and post-lab quiz questions about calcium, sodium, and potassium ions. The experiment found that calcium increased heart rate, while sodium and potassium decreased heart rate, with potassium having the most effect. The results matched the student's predictions about how the ions would affect heart rate and muscle contraction.

Uploaded by

Rasendria Firdiansyah
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© © All Rights Reserved
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511 views4 pages

Physioex Lab Report: Pre-Lab Quiz Results

The document summarizes a PhysioEx lab report on the effects of various ions on heart rate. The student correctly answered pre-lab and post-lab quiz questions about calcium, sodium, and potassium ions. The experiment found that calcium increased heart rate, while sodium and potassium decreased heart rate, with potassium having the most effect. The results matched the student's predictions about how the ions would affect heart rate and muscle contraction.

Uploaded by

Rasendria Firdiansyah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3/20/2021 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

PhysioEx Lab Report


Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology
Activity 5: Examining the Effects of Various Ions on Heart Rate
Name: Mohammad Rasendria Firdiansyah
Date: 20 March 2021
Session ID: session-e4f09309-1561-db82-09fc-e0f3d63855b8

Pre-lab Quiz Results


You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

1 Which organelle in the cardiac muscle cell stores calcium?

You correctly answered: sarcoplasmic reticulum.

2 Verapamil is a calcium-channel blocker. Its effects could be described as

You correctly answered: negative chronotropic and negative inotropic.

3 When the cardiac muscle cell is at rest, where is most of the potassium found?

You correctly answered: in the cytosol.

4 Resting cardiac muscle cells are most permeable to

You correctly answered: potassium.

Experiment Results
Predict Questions
1 Predict Question 1: Because calcium-channel blockers are negative chronotropic and
negative inotropic, what effect do you think increasing the concentration of calcium will have
on heart rate?

Your answer: positive chronotropic, positive inotropic.

2 Predict Question 2: Excess potassium outside of the cardiac cell decreases the resting
potential of the plasma membrane, thus decreasing the force of contraction. What effect (if
any) do you think it will initially have on heart rate?

Your answer: decrease heart rate.

Stop & Think Question


1 Where in the cardiac muscle cell is most of the sodium normally found?
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3/20/2021 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

You correctly answered: outside of the cell.

Experiment Data
Solution Heart Rate (beats/min)
---- 61
Calcium 71
Sodium ~34
Potassium ~28

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3/20/2021 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

Post-lab Quiz Results


You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly.

1 The addition of most of the ions resulted in

You correctly answered: an erratic, decreased heart rate.

2 The effect of potassium on the heart is

You correctly answered: negative chronotropic, negative inotropic.

3 The ion that had the most pronounced effect on heart rate was

You correctly answered: potassium.

4 Ectopic pacemakers can be caused by excessive leakage of potassium into cardiac cells,
resulting in pacemakers appearing in abnormal locations in the heart muscle. This
hyperkalemia (excess potassium) decreases the resting potential of the cardiac muscle cell.
What effect do you think this would have on the force of contraction?

You correctly answered: decrease, negative inotropic.

Review Sheet Results


1 Describe the effect that increasing the calcium ions had on the heart in this activity. How well
did the results compare with your prediction?

Your answer:

hasil sesuai dengan prediksi, darah berjalan lebih cepat disebabkan oleh peningkatan detak
jantung dan tekanan konsentrasi tersebut.

2 Describe the effect that increasing the potassium ions initially had on the heart in this
activity. Relate this to the resting membrane potential of the cardiac muscle cell. How well i
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3/20/2021 PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 5

did the results compare with your prediction?

Your answer:

hasil sesuai dengan prediksi, ion kalium tinggi menurunkan tekanan konsentrasi dan
menurunkan resting potensial.

3 Describe how calcium channel blockers are used to treat patients and why?

Your answer:

penghambatan saluran kalsium menurunkan tekanan darah dengan mencegah kalsium


memasuki sel-sel jantung dan arteri karena calsium membuat jantung kontraksi lebih kuat.
Karena berpengaruh terhadap penurunan resistensi perifer. Penurunan denyut jantung dan
penurunan tekanan kontraksi.

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