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Unsupervised Learning

Unsupervised learning trains a machine using unlabeled information, allowing it to group data according to similarities and differences without prior training. Unlike supervised learning, no teacher provides training data. The machine must find hidden patterns in unlabeled data. Unsupervised learning includes clustering, which groups similar items, and association analysis, which finds rules describing large portions of data.

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22 views

Unsupervised Learning

Unsupervised learning trains a machine using unlabeled information, allowing it to group data according to similarities and differences without prior training. Unlike supervised learning, no teacher provides training data. The machine must find hidden patterns in unlabeled data. Unsupervised learning includes clustering, which groups similar items, and association analysis, which finds rules describing large portions of data.

Uploaded by

BWUBTS18016SOUMYADEEP
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unsupervised learning

Unsupervised learning is the training of a machine using information that is


neither classified nor labeled and allowing the algorithm to act on that
information without guidance. Here the task of the machine is to group
unsorted information according to similarities, patterns, and differences
without any prior training of data.
Unlike supervised learning, no teacher is provided that means no training will
be given to the machine. Therefore the machine is restricted to find the
hidden structure in unlabeled data by itself.
For instance, suppose it is given an image having both dogs and cats which
it has never seen.

Thus the machine has no idea about the features of dogs and cats so we
can’t categorize it as ‘dogs and cats ‘. But it can categorize them according
to their similarities, patterns, and differences, i.e., we can easily categorize
the above picture into two parts. The first may contain all pics having dogs in
it and the second part may contain all pics having cats in it. Here you didn’t
learn anything before, which means no training data or examples.
It allows the model to work on its own to discover patterns and information
that was previously undetected. It mainly deals with unlabelled data.
Unsupervised learning is classified into two categories of algorithms:

 Clustering: A clustering problem is where you want to discover the


inherent groupings in the data, such as grouping customers by
purchasing behavior.
 Association: An association rule learning problem is where you want to
discover rules that describe large portions of your data, such as people
that buy X also tend to buy Y.
Types of Unsupervised Learning:-
Clustering
1. Exclusive (partitioning)
2. Agglomerative
3. Overlapping
4. Probabilistic
Clustering Types:-
1. Hierarchical clustering
2. K-means clustering
3. Principal Component Analysis
4. Singular Value Decomposition
5. Independent Component Analysis
Supervised vs. Unsupervised Machine Learning
Supervised Unsupervised machine
Parameters machine learning learning

Algorithms are trained Algorithms are used against data


Input Data using labeled data. that is not labeled

Computational
Complexity Simpler method Computationally complex

Accuracy Highly accurate Less accurate

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