MULTI CHOICE QUESTIONS

DYE PENETRATION TESTING

This column is for official use only

Name :_____________________ Result

Signe :_____________________ Marker 1 :

d

Date :_____________________ Marker 2 :

1. A generally accepted method for removing excess nonwater-

washables penetrant is:
a. Repeatedly dipping the test specimen in a cleaner.
b. Soaking the test specimen in hot detergent water.
c. Blowing the excess penetrant off the surface of the part with
compressed air.
d. Wiping and cautiously cleaning the test specimen with a
cleaner-dampened cloth.

2. Which of the following discontinuities can be found by the

penetrant test method?
a. A surface crack.
b. A subsurface crack.
c. An internal inclusion.
d. None of the above.

3. Which of the following is generally the more acceptable method

for cleaning parts prior to penetrant testing?
a. Sand blasting
b. Wire brushing
c. Grinding
d. Vapor degreasing.

4. Which of the following is not a basic inspection principle that

applies to all penetrant methods?
a. The penetrant must enter the discontinuity in order to form
an indication.
b. Indications glow when illuminated with a black light.
c. A longer penetration time is required for smaller
discontinuities.
d. If the penetrant is washed out of the discontinuity, an
indication will not be formed by that discontinuity.

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5. Visible penetrant may be applied by:
a. Brushing.
b. Spraying.
c. Dipping.
d. All of the above.

6. When using a post-emulsification penetrant, it is necessary to

apply the emulsifier:
a. before applying the penerant.
b. after the water wash operation.
c. after the dwell time has elapsed.
d. after the development time has elapsed.

7. When conducting a water-washable liquid penetrant test, the wet

developer is applied:
a. immediately after the penetrant has been applied.
b. immediately before the penetrant is applied.
c. after removal of the excessive penetrant.
d. after removal of the emulsifier.

8. A black light lamp should not be used with a cracked filter or

without the filter in place because of the harmful effects to the
human eyes caused by the lamp’s emission of:
a. black light.
b. ultraviolet light.
c. infrared light.
d. none of the above.

9. Excess penetrant (all penetrant except that which is in

discontinuities) is removed from specimen:
a. after the required penetrant dwell time has elapsed.
b. before the application of an emulsifier if post-emulsifier
penetrant is used.
c. by means of a steam cleaner.
d. only when water-washable penetrants are used.

10 When using a post-emulsifiable penetrant, the emulsifier time

. should be:
a. as long as the penetrant dwell time.
b. one-half the penetrant dwell time.
c. the same as the developer time.
d. only as long as necessary to effect removal of interfering
background.

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11 Which of the following materials cannot be tested by the usual
. liquid penetrant tests?
a. Unglazed porous ceramic.
b. Titanium.
c. High alloy steel.
d. Cast iron.
12 The most widely accepted method for removing excessive water-
. washable penetrant from the surface of a test specimen is:
a. By means of a wet rag.
b. By means of a water spray rinse.
c. By washing the part directly under water running from a tap.
d. By immersing the part in water.

13 Which of the following is an advantage of visible dye penetrants

. over fluorescent penetrants?
a. Visible dye penetrants do not require black light.
b. Visible dye penetrants are more sensitive than fluorescent
penetrants.
c. Visible dye penetrants are superior in penetrating
characteristics.
d. Visible dye penetrants are not toxic while fluorescent
penetrants are toxic.

14 Which of the following is NOT a generally accepted method for

. applying penetrants?
a. Rubbing the penetrant over the surface.
b. Brushing the penetrant on the part.
c. Spraying the penetrant on the part.
d. Dipping the part in the penetrant.

15 Which of the following is the most commonly used method for

. removing non-water-washable visible dye penetrant from the
surface of a test specimen?
a. Dipping in a solvent.
b. Spraying.
c. Hand wiping.
d. Blowing.

16 Which of the following is an acceptable method for applying wet

. developers?
a. Application with a soft brush.
b. Application with a hand powder bulb.
c. Rubbing with a saturated cloth.
d. Spraying or dipping.

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17 Before conducting a liquid penetrant test, it is important to
. ensure of the part is free of:
a. Oil or grease
b. Acids or chromates.
c. Traces of water.
d. All of the above.

18 Which of the following is the most likely result of an excessive

. emulsification time when penetrant testing with post-
emulsification penetrant?
a. A large number of non-relevant indications could appear on
the part.
b. Shallow discontinuity indications could be lost.
c. Excess penetrant could remain after the wash operation.
d. The emulsifier could harden, preventing the developer from
blotting the penetrant in discontinuities.

19 Which of the following is not a function of developers used in

. penetrant testing?
a. To blot penetrant from discontinuities
b. To aid in providing an image of a discontinuity
c. To add fluorescence to penetrants
d. To help control bleedout.

20 Which of the following is the primary limitation of liquid

. penetrant testing?
a. Penetrant testing cannot be used on ferromagnetic material.
b. Penetrant testing cannot locate shallow surface
discontinuities.
c. Penetrant testing cannot be used on non-metallic surfaces.
d. Penetrant testing cannot locate subsurface discontinuities.

21 In penetrant testing, the time period from developer application

. to inspections is often referred to as:
a. Emulsification time.
b. Development time.
c. Dwell time.
d. None of the above.

22 Liquid penetrant testing is a non-destructive test which can be

. used for:
a. Locating and evaluating all types of discontinuities in a test
specimen.
b. Locating and determining the length, width, and depth of
discontinuities in a test specimen.
c. Determining the tensile strength of a test specimen.
d. Locating discontinuities open to the surface.

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23 When conducting a penetrant test using fluorescent penetrant,
. black light equipment is required to:
a. Cause the penetrant to fluoresce.
b. Aid the normal capillary action characteristics of a penetrant.
c. Neutralize excess penetrant on the surface.
d. Decrease the surface tension of the part.

24 The method used to remove excess visible dye penetrant from a

. test specimen is primarily determined by the:
a. Surface roughness of the specimen.
b. Type of material being tested.
c. Length of penetration time.
d. All of the above.

25 Which of the following is a type of developer used in penetrant

. inspection?
a. Dry
b. Aqueous particular.
c. Non-aqueous particulate.
d. Water soluble.
e. All of the above.

26 When penetrant testing parts, the temperature of the parts

. should be near room temperature. If the part is at a low
temperature when tested:
a. The penetrant may become viscous.
b. The penetrant may evaporate very rapidly.
c. The color intensity of the penetrant will decrease.
d. The penetrant will tend to adhere to the surface of the part.

27 If a part to be penetrant tested is first heated to a high

. temperature.
a. The penetrant may become viscous.
b. The penetrant may “flash” or evaporate very rapidly.
c. The penetrant may lose some of its color brilliance.
d. The penetrant will better show discontinuities.

28 Which of the following statements is true?

. a. Sandblasting is a generally accepted method for cleaning a
surface that is to be penetrant tested.
b. Parts should be heated prior to the application of a penetrant.
c. If the dryer is too high, the heat may degrade the
effectiveness of the penetrant.

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 d. Development time should be at least twice the penetrant
time.

29 When using a wet developer:

. a. A thick layer of developer is better than a thin layer showing
very fine cracks.
b. Compressed air should be used to remove excess developer.
c. A black developer will show better contrast than will a white
developer.
d. A thin layer of developer is better than a thick layer for
showing very fine cracks.

30 Which of the following is generally accepted as the most

. important precaution when using water-washable penetrants?
a. Be sure that the part is washed thoroughly during the rinse
operation.
b. Be sure the recommended dwell time is not exceeded.
c. Avoid over-rinsing the part.
d. Avoid over-application of emulsifier.

31 Which of the following is generally accepted as the most

. important precaution when using solvent-removable penetrants?
a. Do not apply an excessive amount of emulsifier.
b. Do not apply an excessive amount of solvent.
c. Do not use an insufficient rinse pressure.
d. Be sure to use a black light to determine if the excess
penetrant has been rinsed away.

32 Which of the following factors will affect resolution of penetrant

. indications?
a. The sensitivity of the penetrant materials used.
b. The surface condition of the part.
c. The temperature of the part and / or penetrant.
d. All of the above.

33 When drying parts during a penetrant test,

. a. The parts are normally dried at room temperature.
b. The parts are normally dried by a circulating hot-air dryer.
c. The parts are should be dried by in an oven set at a
temperature of 500oF.
d. The parts are should be dried by cool forced air.

34 The contamination of a water-washable penetrant with an

. excessive amount of water will:

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 a. Reduce the penetrating quality of the penetrant.
b. Adversely affect the washability of the penetrant.
c. Both ( A) and ( B ) are correct answer.
d. Neither ( A ) nor ( B ) are correct answer.

35 Which of the following penetrant methods does not normally

. require a source of electricity to properly conduct a test?
a. Water-washable fluorescent penetrant method.
b. Post-emulsification fluorescent penetrant method.
c. Visible dye penetrant method.
d. None of the above requires a source of electricity.

36 When using a fluorescent penetrant, the actual inspection must

. be performed:
a. In a brightly lighted room.
b. With the part at a temperature between 120oF and 175oF.
c. Immediately after the developer has been applied.
d. In a darkened area under a black light.

37 Which of the following penetrants can be used when inspection

. must take place under ordinary lighting conditions?
a. Visible dye penetrant.
b. Water-washable fluorescent penetrant.
c. Post-emulsification fluorescent penetrant.
d. Any of the above.

38 Which of the following is not an advantage of the liquid

. penetrant test method?
a. The liquid penetrant test method is adaptable to production
inspection of small parts.
b. Liquid penetrant testing can locate fine cracks.
c. The liquid penetrant test method is a relatively simple test
method.
d. The liquid penetrant test method is affective at any
temperature.

39 Which of the following is not a property of a developer used in

. liquid penetrant dye testing?
a. The material must be absorbent.
b. The material must form a thin and uniform coating over a
surface.
c. The material must be fluorescent if used with fluorescent
penetrants.
d. The material must not contain ingredients harmful or toxic to
the operator.

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40 Which of the following could be a source of false indications on a
. test specimen?
a. Penetrant on the test table.
b. Penetrant on the hands of the inspector.
c. Contamination of dry or wet developer with penetrant.
d. All of the above.

1. D 2. A 3. D
4. B 5. D 6. C
7. C 8. B 9. A
10 11 12
D A B
. . .
13 14 15
A A C
. . .
16 17 18
D D B
. . .
19 20 21
C D B
. . .
22 23 24
D A D
. . .
25 26 27
E A B
. . .
28 29 30
C D C
. . .
31 B 32 D 33 A

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. . .
34 35 36
C C D
. . .
37 38 39
A D C
. . .
40
D
.