Financial Risk Management
Financial Risk Management
ON
(2019-2021)
1
Student Undertaking Certificate of Originality
I AKASH , a student of MBA 3rd semester would like to declare that the
Project Report Entitled “RISK ANALYSIS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
IN INVESTING IN INSURANCE POLICES” Submitted to Bharati
Vidyapeeth University Pune, School of Distance Education Pune , Academic
Study Centre BVIMR New Delhi in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the award of the degree.
All respected guides, faculty member and other sources have been properly
acknowledged and the report contains no plagiarism.
To the best of my knowledge and belief the matter embodied in this project is a
genuine work done my me and it have been neither submitted for assessment to
the University nor to any other University for the fulfillment of the requirements
of the course of study.
AKASH
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INDEX
1 Introduction 3-7
3 Research Methodology 14
5 Analysis 21-30
6 Findings 31-32
7 Questionnaire 33-34
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Introduction
India is the second largest country in the world in the respect of population.
The GDP growth of India was 5.4% in year 2013.the insurance sector is
expected to grow at a very high rate in next 10-154 years and its
contribution in GDP is going to rise in ahuge manner as a large amount of
population is still uninsured especially in urban areas.
What is Insurance?
Insurance is a contract between the insurance company (insurer) and the
policyholder (insured). In return for a consideration (the premium), the
insurance company promises to pay a specified amount to the insured on the
happening of a specific event. We all need insurance because it not only
transfer the risk but also have other benefits like tax saving.
The first Indian insurance company was formed in the year 1818 which was
oriental life insurance company and the Indian life assurance companies act
1912 was the first statutory measure to regulate life business which was
finally amended in the year 1938. In the year 1999 Insurance Regulatory and
Development Authority (IRDA) was constituted as an autonomous body to
regulate all the insurance companies in India which came in power in the
year April 2000. Under the current regulation a foreign companies cannot
have more than 26% of stake in joint venture.
Benefits of insurance
Investment option It is good investment option because insurer will not get the
insurance cover but also the in some amount of return.
Habits of saving It also develops the habits of saving certain amount of money
which can be helpful in future.
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Employment An increase in the penetration of insurance is going to generate
generation more employment as insurance policies will require more advisors.
Table 1.1
Risk
A person carries various types of risk in his life term and it can be classified
in many ways. But first we need to understand the meaning of risk. It is
difficult to give the exact definition of risk but it can be defined in the
respect of insurance sector as the possibilities of unfavourable event happing
like death or physical damage.
Market risk
Interest rate risk
Inflation risk
Political risk
Financial risk
Pure risk
Particular risk
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Out of all these risk the insurable risk are following:
Pure risk: Pure risks are those risks where there is no possibility
of making a profit.
Particular risk:
These are the three risks which can be insured by having insurance
policies and the insured persons can transfer his risk to insurer.
It might be confusing for many that for what value they should buy
an insurance policies i.e. how they are worth for.
Step 2: this is its HLV, now take inflation in account and calculate how
much should be enough for his family in case of his death.
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Simple method: In this method we consider the present interest rate in a
fixed deposit in a bank and then we calculate that how much amount person
should get insured.
But we always need to keep in mind that HLV in not a onetime calculation
and it should get revised from time to time.
Now as there are many insurance policies in the market it becomes difficult
to decide which will be suited best for you. So it is always best for anyone to
take the polices which is best suited for them. Anyone can easily find
out which policies best suited for them by following these three steps:
Step 1: Identify your needs: you always need to understand you goals
and need after considers these factors:
marital status
future financial goals
number and age of dependants on you
employment status
income – which includes salary, business income and income
from other sources and investments
existing protection, savings and retirement provision
Step 2: Quantifying needs: Then you need quantify your needs
and then calculate suitable amounts that you need to save in
future the future.
Step 3: Priorities your needs: then you need to priorities you needs
based upon your requirements. It is important because you have only
a specific amount of money to invest and that money should be
invested in a best product mix.
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So this how any individual can decide on what polices is best suited
for him and whether he should consider to by that specific insurance
policies or not.
Industry analysis:
The insurance is established a way long before and it is growing
well since then. The first insurance company was formed United
States in the year 1782 in South California. Since then various
insurance company are founded and today hundreds on insurance
companies are operating well.
1818 saw the advent of life insurance business in India with the
establishment of the Oriental Life Insurance Company in Calcutta but in
1968, the Insurance Act was amended to regulate investments and set
minimum solvency margins. But actually grow in the insurance sector in
India begun from the year 2000 with the formation on IRDA. IRDA is a
regulatory body to manage working of all the insurance company in
India.Foreign companies were allowed ownership of up to 26% and invest in
insurance policies in India. The insurance sector is a colossal one and is
growing at a speedy rate of 15-20%. Together with banking services,
insurance services add about 7% to the country’s GDP. Life insurance
Company has acquired in India.With the entry of new private players
insurance sector has seen a huge growth in last five years and it is expected
to grow in future.
The various data which is represents the market share of top five
insurance companies in India
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Sales
6.25%
6.02%
3.32%
2.14%
ICICI Prudential
SBI Life
HDFC Standard Bajaj Allianz
Lic
68.70%
Figure 1.1
Most of the Indian population are without life insurance cover and still a
huge amount of growth is possible in Indian environment. At presentpeople
do not prefer to invest their saving in insurance policies but it is expected to
change in future.
Company profile
The AXA group reported total revenue for the first half of 2013 of 37.8
billion. AXA group has a strong, long standing history. The group can trace
its roots right back to the 18th century. After a successions of mergers,
acquisitions and name changes involving some of the leading insurance
companies in the UK and around the world, the name AXA was first
introduced in 1985.
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Today, 102 million clients in the world trust AXA and the AXA name. In
2003, to provide a clearer vision of the transformation of its core business
from traditional insurance to the broader concept of financial protection, the
AXA group added the words financial protection as a base line to its logo.
Bharti Enterprises
Bharti Enterprises is a pioneer in telecom sector and the group is widening
its horizons by entering new business areas such as insurance and retail.
Bharti Enterprises has created a vantage position for itself in the global
telecommunications sector. Bharti Airtel Limited occupies good status in
mobile telephony in India while its brand 'Beetel' is the largest manufacturer
and exporter of world class telecom terminals.
Founder of Bharti Group is Sunil Mittal. In 1983, Sunil Mittal entered into
an agreement with Germany's Siemens to manufacture the company's push-
button telephone models for the Indian market. In 1986, Sunil Bharti Mittal
incorporated Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) and his company became the
first in India to offer push-button telephones, establishing the basis of Bharti
Enterprises. This first-mover advantage allowed Sunil Mittal to expand his
manufacturing capacity elsewhere in the telecommunications market. By the
early 1990s, Sunil Mittal had also launched the country's first fax machines
and its first cordless telephones. In 1992, Sunil Mittal won a bid to build a
cellular phone network in Delhi. In 1995, Sunil Mittal incorporated the
cellular operations as Bharti Tele-Ventures and launched service in Delhi. In
1996, cellular service was extended to Himachal Pradesh. In 1999, Bharti
Enterprises acquired control of JT Holdings, and extended cellular operations
to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. In 2000, Bharti acquired control of
Skycell Communications, in Chennai. In 2001, the company acquired control
of Spice Cell in Calcutta. Bharti Enterprises went public in 2002, and the
company was listed on Mumbai Stock Exchange and National Stock
Exchange of India. In 2003, the cellular phone operations were rebranded
under the single Airtel brand.
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Bharti AXA life insurance Ltd.
Bharti AXA Life Insurance is a joint venture between Bharti, India's
leading private telecom company and AXA, world leader in financial
protection and wealth management. Their philosophy is to build around
the promise of making people "Life Confident"...
August 26, 2005, New Delhi : Bharti Enterprises and AXA Asia Pacific
Holdings Limited (AXA) signed an agreement to establish a joint venture
named Bharti AXA Life Insurance Company Limited to carry on life
insurance business in India.
Under the agreement AXA has a 26% equity interest in the joint venture,
while Bharti holds the balance. AXA, a global leader in insurance business,
enabled the company to have access to AXA’s global life insurance and asset
management expertise. Bharti brought its strong local market knowledge,
reputation and India-wide retail presence.
This joint venture is an opportunity for AXA to enter the Indian life
insurance market, one of the most attractive emerging insurance markets.
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India is a fast growing economy and a huge market with more than 1.1
billion people. This coupled with a large middle class and increasing income
levels will drive growth in the insurance market. Bharti is a well-established
and financially strong group whose capabilities and network will be of
significant value to the joint venture. The joint venture invested in the region
of Rs. 500 crores (115 Million USD) over the first three to four years of
operations, reflecting both partners’ commitment to quickly establish a
strong foothold in the Indian market. The joint venture commenced business
in the first half of 2006, subject to IRDA, FIPB and other statutory
approvals.
Company Products
BHARTI AXA offers a range of innovative, customer-centric products
that meet the needs of customers at every life stage. Its 20 products can
be enhanced with up to 6 riders, to create a customized solution for each
policyholder. Their products are of different categories like child plan,
term plans, savings & investment plan and health plan.
Term Plan: A risk plan which provides comprehensive cover for your
family in the unfortunate event of untimely demise. A term life insurance
plan provides good cover at relatively nominal cost and has no survival
benefits.
Group plans: With Bharti AXA Life insurance products provide financial
security and protection to your loved ones. two group plans which are
Bharti AXA Life Shield and Bharti AXA Life Sanjeevani.
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irrespective of actual hospital bill. Easy Health is Bharti AXA’s health
plan.
• Bharti brought its strong local market knowledge, reputation and India.
Weakness
Opportunities
Threats
Research methodology
. The scope of the study is limited to only insurance & no other financial
instruments were considered .The study will help us to know the perception
of customers about insurance policies. The various risks involves in buying
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an insurance policy and how to tackle it. It will also help us to get a basic
knowledge about need analysis calculation and its requirement.
Methodology
Primary data:
Primary data is the one which is collected specifically for the purpose of the
project, and can be obtained from various people working in the
organization. For this study the primary data was collected from following
sources.
Questionnaires
Discussion with manager.
Secondary data:
.Limitations
This project only talks about three risk analysis tools there are
others tools also which can be used.
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The study had done only on 100 respondents.
Data analysis
As a customer you should always know your value in the market so that
you can take a police according to your exact value. Three various
approaches are used to determine the amount of life insurance to own:
HLV can be defined as the present value of the family’s share of the
deceased breadwinner’s future earnings. It can be calculated by the
following steps:
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Examples: Assume that Raj, age 25 is married and has two children. He
earns Rs25000 annually and plans to retire at age of 65. Of this amount
Rs10000 is use for federal and state taxes, life and health insurance and his
personal needs. The remaining 15000 is used to support his family. What
should be value of insurance if discount rate is 6%?
Solution: Using the give discount rate the present value of Rs1
payable annual for 40 years is Rs15.05
Needs approach
The second method for estimating the amount of life insurance to own is the
needs approach. The various family needs that must be met if the family
head will die are analysed. The most important family needs are following:-
Retirement needs
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Total estate 28000
clearance fund
Income needs
Readjustment period 14400
Dependency period 108000
Total income needs 122,400
Special needs
Mortgage redemption
Fund
Emergency Fund
College education fund
Total special need 235000
Total need 385400
Additional life
insurance needed
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Additional life 281700
insurance needed
The first part of worksheet shows the amount needed to meet various cash
needs, income needs and special needs. The second part analyse your
present financial assets for meeting these needs and the final part determine
the amount of life insurance needed.
The first step is to prepare a personal balance sheet that lists all assets and
liabilities .Example
Assets
House 125000
Automobiles 15000
Personal and household property 45000
Securities and investment 28000
Checking account 2000
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Individual and group life insurance 200000
Private pension death plan 20000
Total 435000
Liabilities
Mortgage 100000
Total 115000
The next step is to determine the amount of income producing assets that can
provide income to the family. This step is performed as follows:
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The final step involves a comparison of the income objective with
other sources of income such as Social security survivor benefits.
Example
So these three analysis tools can be used by the customer to determine the
exact value of a life insurance required customer to support their family. It
will also help them to decide on which type of polices they should invest
according to their requirements. It will also help in determining amount of
risk in that policy.
Percentage analysis
QUESTION NO. 1)
Businessman 54
Professional 35
Students 6
Housewife 5
Table no. 4.1
Figure 4.1
Occupation of respondent
6
5
Businessman
Professional Students
21 Housewife
35 54
Interpretation:
QUESTION NO. 2)
Having insurance
already
A Yes 92
B No 8
Figure 4.2
Insurance Already
8
Yes No
92
Interpretation:
From above chart,we can infer that 92% respondents already have insurance
policies, whereas 8 % does not have insurance policies.
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QUESTION NO. 3)
Awareness of life insurance companies
5
20
Print media
Electronic media Agents
Other
50 25
Figure 4.3
Interpretation: From this chart we can say that majority of respondents are aware of insurance
policies through agents, followed by electronic media, then print media.
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QUESTION NO. 4)
2
10
24 Tax
Saving Protection
15 Pension
49 Investment
Figure 4.4
INTERPRETETION:
On the basis of above analysis,we can interpret that main reason for
buying insurance policies is because of security reasons as 49% of
respondent agreed with it.
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QUESTION 5)
5
6 19 Range of products
Figure 4.5
INTERPRETETION:
The graph shows that 50 out of 100 respondents buy an insurance policy after
looking at the features of the product which is followed by 20 respondent
who looks at different range of products and 19 looks at good will of
companies.
So the products with good features have more demand among customers.
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QUESTION 6)
37
Yes
63 No
Figure 4.6
INTERPRETETION:
According to graph out of 100 respondent 63% agreed that they buy
insurance due to someone else influence not according to their
requirement.
QUESTION 7)
Done need analysis before
buying an insurance police
Option Particular Response
A Yes 33
26
B No 67
33
Yes
No
67
INTERPRETETION:
QUESTION NO. 8)
27
Insurance plans you prefer to buy
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Protection plan
Investment plans
Pension plan
10 57 children plan
Figure 4.8
INTERPRETETION:
On the basis of above analysis we can say that customers are more
interested in protection plan and children plan only. It shows that
customers do not think insurance as an investment opportunity.
QUESTION NO. 9)
28
E High Risk Coverage 22
Table no. 4.9
Figure 4.9
INERPRETETION:
The graph shows out of 100 respondent 47 expect reasonable premium from
insurance companies. So it shows that people prefer to buy insurance policies
when the premium is low.
satisfied with
previous insurance
plan you bought
29
C can't say 2
Satisfied with previous insurance plan you bought (done need analysis)
Yes
12 No
can't say
19
Response
3
20a. YES b NO
44
30
Interpretation:
According to graph 20 out of 67 respondents who not did need analysis are
not satisfied with their insurance plan which is 27% and 19 out of 31
respondents who did need analysis are satisfied with their insurance plan
which is 61%. It shows that more percentage of people will satisfied with
their police if they will do need analysis.
Findings
31
Knowledge about different tools that can be used to calculate need
analysis.
SUGGESTIONS
CONCLUSION
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Q1) Occupation
a) Businessman [ ] b) Professional []
c) Students [ ] d) House
wife [ ]
a) Yes[ ] b) No[ ]
a) Tax [ ]
b) Saving [ ]
c) Protection [ ]
d) Pension [ ]
e) Investment [ ]
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b) Range of products [ ]
c) Features of the product [ ]
a) Yes[ ] b) No [ ]
34