LABORATORY REPORT

CHM 138
(BASIC CHEMISTRY)

NAME : Muhammad Mirza Hizami Bin Rajiei

STUDENT NO. : 2019289394
NAME OF PARTNERS : i) Jeremiah Baien
ii) Nightangel Jana
iii) Clement Soon
PROGRAMME : AS115
GROUP : 1A
NUMBER AND TITLE OF EXPERIMENT : EXPERIMENT 6 REDOX

TITRATION-DETERMINATION OF THE MOLARITY AND

CONCENTRATION OF IRON (II) SULPHATE (FeSO4) SOLUTION BY
TITRATION WITH POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
Laboratory Report Marking Scheme
DATE OF EXPERIMENT :
DATE OF REPORT SUBMISSION : Full Marks (to be filled by
NAME OF LECTURER Mark(s
: Norhasnan Bin Sahari lecturer)
)
Objective of the Experiment
Introduction
Experimental Procedure
Results and Observations
Calculations
Discussion
Conclusion
Answers to Questions
References
Format
Total Marks
OBJECTIVE
To determine the molarity and concentration of iron (II) sulphate (FeSO4 ) using
redox titration.

INTRODUCTION
Redox reaction involves the transfer of electrons, and an acid-base reaction
involves the transfer of protons. Just as an acid can be titrated against a base,
we can titrate an oxidizing agent against a reducing agent using a similar
procedure. We can carefully add a solution containing an oxidizing agent to a
solution containing a reducing agent. The end point is reached when the
reducing agent is completely oxidized by the oxidizing agent. Two common
oxidizing agents are potassium dichromate (K2Cr 2O7) and potassium
permanganate (KMnO4). The colours of the dichromate and permanganate
anions are distinctly different from those of the reduced species.
Cr2O72- → Cr3+
Yellow-orange Green

MnO4- → Mn2+
Light purple Pink
Thus these oxidizing agents can themselves be used as an indicator in a redox
titration because they have distinctly different colours in the oxidized and
reduced forms. Redox s titration requires the same type of calculations (based
on the mole method) as acid-base neutralizations.
In this experiment, KMnO4 solution of known concentration will react with an
acidified solution of FeSO4 of unknown concentration. This reaction involves
oxidation and reduction reactions (redox) in which electrons are transferred
from one substance to another. In this redox reaction, Fe2+ is converted into Fe3+
and MnO4- is converted into Mn2+. The change in the oxidation state of
manganese in MnO4- to Mn2+ causes a change in colour. When the reaction is
complete, and excess MnO4- is added to the reaction mixture, the solution turns
pink and the titration is done.

PROCEDURE
1. Burette was washed with distilled water and then rinsed with about 5-10
mL of KMnO4 solution, the second rinsing runned through the burette tip.
The burette clamped to the retort stand.
2. The burette filled with KMnO4 solution. Make sure the tip is completely
filled and contain no air bubbles. The initial burette reading recorded to
two decimal places. Since the colour of the KMnO4 solution is quite
intense, you may be required to give a good estimate of the burette
volume.
 3. On an analytical balance, 8 g FeSO4 weighed accurately using weighing
paper. The mass of FeSO4 recorded.
4. With the aid of a filter funnel, the FeSO4 transferred carefully to a 250 mL
volumetric flask. The filter funnel rinsed with distilled water into the
volumetric flask. Using a graduated cylinder, 10 mL of 2 M sulphuric
acid added into the volumetric flask. Distilled water added until the
calibration mark (use a dropper to add the last few drops of distilled
water). The volumetric flask shaked by turning it upside-down a few
times in order for the solution to be homogeneous.
5. About 50 mL of FeSO4 solution poured into a small beaker. 20 mL
pipette washed with distilled water and rinsed with FeSO4 solution (all
rinsing solutions must be discarded). 20 mL of FeSO4 solution pipette
into a 250 mL conical flask (ensure there no air bubbles at the tip of the
pipette)
6. 10 mL of 2 M sulphuric acid added into the conical flask by using a
graduated cylinder.
7. Conical flask was placed on a piece of white paper or white tile (DO
NOT USE FILTER PAPER) under the burette and the burette tip lowered
into the conical flask.
8. The titration apparatus was setup. This solution titrated with the standard
KMnO4 from the burette until the end point reached. During the titration,
the conical flask kept swirling. The end point is indicated when the
solution turns to a LIGHT PINK permanently. The final burette reading
recorded. This is the result of the ROUGH TITRATION.
9. The titration process repeated until two consecutive titrations (meaning,
one titration after another) agree to +/- 0.10 mL .

RESULT

DATA
NUMBER TITRATION TITRATION TITRATION TITRATION
OF 1 2 3 4
TITRATION
Final burette 5 10 15 18
reading (mL)
Initial burette 0 5 10 15
reading (mL)
 Volume of 5 5 5 3
KMnO4 used
(mL)
Mass of FeSO4 used = 8 g

Volume of FeSO4 solution(pipette volume) = 20 mL

Concentration of standard KMnO4 = 0.025 M

Average volume of KMnO4 = 20.6 mL

CALCULATIONS

1. In this experiment, MnO4- is reduced to Mn2+ and Fe2+ is oxidized to Fe3+

. The reaction happened in the acidic solution. With the help of ion-
electron method, balance the redox equation.

Fe2+ + MnO4- → Fe3+ + Mn2+

Half reaction

Fe2+ → Fe3+ (oxidation)

MnO4- → Mn2+ (reduction)

Balance

Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e
MnO4- + 8H + 5e → Mn2+ + 4H2O

Combine the half reaction

5Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ → 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4H2O

2. Determine the molarity (M) of FeSO4 solution

Molarity = moles of solution
liters of solution
Given that mass = 8.0 g
Volume = 50 ml / 0.050 L
Molar mass of FeSO4 = molar mass of Fe = 56
 Molar mass of S = 32
Molar mass of O = 16
Total molar mass = 56+32+16(4) = 152g
Convert gram to mole = 8 x 1 mol = 0.0526mol
152
Molarity = 0.0525
0.050
= 1.052 M

3. Calculate the concentration in g/L of FeSO4

Concentration = mass
Volume
= 8.0g / 0.05 L
= 160g/L

DISCUSSION
i. The result that we got are same with the theory said. Reduction of purple
permanganate ion to the colourless Mn+2 ion, the solution will turn from
dark purple to a faint pink colour at the equivalence point
ii. The initial and final readings of the burette is recorded and repeated three
times includes rough titration. The final burette reading of the titration
are fixed to all the titration. So, the result that we got in this experiment
are accurate.

CONCLUSION
From this redox titration lab, we were able to determine the unknown molarity
of a substance that went through a redox chemical reaction. For our lab, the
concentration of th solution was determined to be 1.052 Molar. According to the
listed concentration of the Fe2+ solution, which was given to one significant
figure at 1 M, our answer at one significant figure had 0% error. This answer
reflects the precision of the given unknown solution, not our measured
precision, as the tools we used to measure our experimental value were more
precise. As a result, the unknown molarity of the Fe2+ solution was determined
in this lab through the use of a redox titration.
QUESTION

1. Why did the solution turn to light pink at the end of the titration?

In this experiment, Mn2+ has a visible colour at the concentrations, so the

purple KMnO4 is reduced to Mn2+ it seems to disappear. At the
endpoint, one drop after the equivalence point, that drop falls in the
conical flask can't oxidized any more Fe2+ and that purple drop stays
unreacted in the flask, it spreads out and gives a light pink colour to the
solution.

2. Identify which species is oxidized and reduced in this experiment.

Oxidation is the loss of electrons or hydrogen atoms or gain of oxygen

atom. It was identified that Fe2+ is oxidation species. Meanwhile
reduction is the gain of electrons or hydrogen atoms or loss of oxygen
atom. It was identified that Mn2+ is reduction species.

3. Differentiate between oxidation and reduction.

OXIDATION REDUCTION

Oxidation is the loss of electrons Reduction is the gain of electrons

or hydrogen atoms or gain of or hydrogen atoms or loss of
oxygen atom oxygen atom

Removal or loss of electron Addition or gain of electron

Removal of hydrogen Addition of hydrogen

Addition of oxygen Removal of oxygen

All the above reactions releases All the above reactions store
energy energy
REFERENCE
• http://www.majordifferences.com/2016/04/difference-between-oxidation-
and-reduction.html#.WK9rUlV97IU

• https://sites.google.com/a/student.roundrockisd.org/redox-titration-
lab/data-and-calculations-from-the-lab/lab-s-conclusions

• https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080913201743AAQ6
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