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Cape Unit 2 2019 Paper 2 Solutions

1. Use implicit differentiation to find an expression for dy/dx in terms of x and y for the equation 4x^2 + 3xy^2 + 7x + 3y = 0. Then show that a certain partial derivative expression is equal to -10. 2. Use de Moivre's theorem to prove the identity sin 5x = 16sin^5x - 20sin^3x + 5sinx. 3. Summarize the key steps and results.

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527 views20 pages

Cape Unit 2 2019 Paper 2 Solutions

1. Use implicit differentiation to find an expression for dy/dx in terms of x and y for the equation 4x^2 + 3xy^2 + 7x + 3y = 0. Then show that a certain partial derivative expression is equal to -10. 2. Use de Moivre's theorem to prove the identity sin 5x = 16sin^5x - 20sin^3x + 5sinx. 3. Summarize the key steps and results.

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Tashane official
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CAPE 2019

1. (a) Let 4𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 + 7𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0.


(i) Use implicit differentiation to show that
𝑑𝑦 8𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 + 7
=−
𝑑𝑥 3(1 + 2𝑥𝑦)
[5]
(ii) Show that for 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 4𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 + 7𝑥 + 3𝑦,
𝜕𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜕 2 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜕 2 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) 𝜕 2 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
6 − 10 = ( ) ( ) +
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑦𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥 2
[5]
(b) Use de Moivre’s theorem to prove that sin 5𝑥 = 16 sin5 𝑥 − 20 sin3 𝑥 + 5 sin 𝑥. [6]
7
(c) (i) Write the complex number 𝑧 = (−1 + √3𝑖) in the form 𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝜃 , where 𝑟|𝑧| and 𝜃 = arg 𝑧. [3]
7
(ii) Hence, prove that (−1 + √3 𝑖) = 64(−1 + √3 𝑖). [6]
2. (a) Let 𝐹𝑛 (𝑥) = ∫(ln 𝑥)𝑛 𝑑𝑥
(i) Show that 𝐹𝑛 (𝑥) = 𝑥(ln 𝑥)𝑛 − 𝑛𝐹𝑛−1 (𝑥). [3]
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, show that 𝐹3 (2) − 𝐹3 (1) = 2(ln 2)3 − 6(ln 2)2 + 12 ln 2 − 6. [7]
𝑦2 +2𝑦+1
(b) (i) By expressing 𝑦4+2𝑦2+1 as partial fractions, show that

𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 + 1 1 2𝑦
= 2 + 2
𝑦 + 2𝑦 + 1 𝑦 + 1 (𝑦 + 1)2
4 2

[7]
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, evaluate
𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 + 1
∫ 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 4 + 2𝑦 2 + 1
[8]
3. (a) Determine the coefficient of the term in 𝑥 3 in the binomial expansion of (3𝑥 + 2)5 . [3]
1 1
3
(b) (i) Show that the binomial expansion of (1 + 𝑥)4 + (1 − 𝑥)4 up to the term in 𝑥 2 is 2 − 𝑥2 . [4]
16
1 4 4
(ii) Hence, by letting 𝑥 = , compute an approximation of √17 + √15, correct to 4 decimal
16

places. [3]
(c) The function ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 − 1 is defined on the interval [0, 1].
(i) Show that ℎ(𝑥) = 0 has a root on the interval [0, 1]. [3]
1
(ii) Use the iteration 𝑥𝑛+1 = 2 +1 with initial estimate 𝑥1 = 0.7 to estimate the root of ℎ(𝑥) =
𝑥𝑛

0, correct to 2 decimal places. [6]


(d) Use the Newton – Raphson method with initial estimate 𝑥1 = 5.5 to approximate the root of
𝑔(𝑥) = sin 3𝑥 in the interval [5, 6], correct to 2 decimal places. [6]
𝑥
4. (a) A function is defined as 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 sin ( ).
2

(i) Obtain the Maclaurin series expansion for 𝑔 up to the term in 𝑥 4 . [8]
(ii) Hence, estimate 𝑔(2). [2]
3 4 5
(b) A series is given as 2 + + + +⋯
4 9 16

(i) Express the 𝑛th partial sum 𝑆𝑛 of the series using sigma notation. [2]
(ii) Hence, calculate 𝑆20 − 𝑆18, [1]
1
(iii) Given that ∑∞
𝑛=1 𝑛 2 converges, show that 𝑆𝑛 diverges. [4]
(c) Use the method of induction to prove that
𝑛
𝑛(𝑛2 − 1)
∑ 𝑟(𝑟 − 1) =
3
𝑟=1

[8]
5. (a) (i) How many numbers made up of 5 digits can be made from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, if
each number contains exactly one even digit and no digit is repeated? [4]
(ii) Determine the probability that the number formed in (a) (i) is less than 30 000. [4]
(b) 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two matrices given below.
2 𝑥 −1 1 2 5
𝐴 = (3 0 2 ) and 𝐵 = (2 3 4)
2 1 0 2 1 2
(i) Determine the range of values of 𝑥 for which 𝐴−1 exists. [4]
(ii) Given that det(𝐴𝐵) = −10, show that 𝑥 = 2. [4]

(iii) Hence, obtain 𝐴−1 . [4]


(c) In an experiment, individuals were asked to select from two available colours, green and blue.
The individuals selected one colour, two colours or no colour.
70% of the individuals selected at least one colour and 600 individuals selected no colour.
(i) Given that 40% of the individuals selected green and 50% selected blue, calculate the
probability that an individual selected BOTH colours. [3]
(ii) Determine the total number of individuals who participated in the experiment. [2]
6. (a) A differential equation is given as
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑐 2
(i) Show that the general solution of the differential equation is 𝑦 = − cos 𝑥, where 𝑐 is a
𝑥 𝑥

constant. [5]
(ii) Hence, determine the particular solution of the differential equation that satisfies the
condition 𝑦 = 2 when 𝑥 = 𝜋. [3]
𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑦−𝑦 4
(b) Show that the general solution of the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 −4
is 𝑦 = 𝑘 √(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 2)3

where 𝑘 is a constant. [7]


(c) Solve the boundary – value problem 𝑦 ′′ − 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 = 0, given that when 𝑥 = −1, 𝑦 = 1 and when
𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 0. [10]

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