APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES

XII – CBSE Page 1

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 MATHS REVISION SHEET
XII – CBSE

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
Short answer questions (1/2 marks)
1. Radius of a variable circle is changing at the rate of 5 cm/s. What is the radius of the circle at a time when its
area is changing at the rate of 100 cm2/s2.
2. Find the point on the curve y  x2 , where the rate of change of x-coordinate is equal to the rate of change of y-
coordinate.
3. The side of an equilateral triangle is increasing at the rate of 0.5 cm/s. Find the rate of increase of its perimeter.
4. The total cost C(x), associated with the production of x units of an item is given by C(x)  0.02x3  4x2 1000 .
Find the marginal cost, when 5 items are produced.
5. The total cost C(x) in rupees associates with the of production of x units of an item is given by
C(x)  0.05x3  0.02x2  3x  5000 . Find the marginal cost when 3 units are produced.
6. The total revenue received from the sale of x souvenirs in connection with ‘PEACE DAY’ is given by
R(x)  3x2  40x 10 . Find the marginal revenue when 100 souvenirs were sold.

7. For the curve y  5x  2x3 , if x increases at the rate of 2 units/s, then how fast is the slope of curve changing
when x = 3?
Long answer questions (4/6 marks)
1. The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 8 cm3/s. How fast is the surface area increasing when the length
of an edge is 12 cm?
2. The radius of a circle is increasing uniformly at the rate of 3 cm/s. Find the rate at which the area of the circle is
increasing when the radius is 10 cm.
3. An edge of a variable cube is increasing at the rate of 3 cm/s. How fast is the volume of the cube increasing
when the edge is 10 cm long?
4. A stone is dropped into a quiet lake and waves move in circles at the speed of 5 cm per second. At the instant
when the radius of the circular wave is 8 cm, how fast is the enclosed area increasing?
5. The radius of a circle is increasing at the rate of 0.7 cm/s. What is the rate of increase of its circumference?
6. A balloon, which always remains spherical on inflation, is being inflated by pumping in 900 cubic centimetres
of gas per second. Find the rate at which the radius of the balloon increases when the radius is 15 cm.
7. A balloon, which always remains spherical has a variable radius. Find the rate at which its volume is increasing
with the radius when the later is 10 cm.
8. A ladder 5 m long is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground, away from the
wall, at the rate of 2 cm/s. How fast is its height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the ladder is 4 m away
from the wall?

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 Mathematics Revision Sheet

9. A particle moves along the curve 6y  x3  2. Find the points on the curve at whch the y-coordinate is changing
8 times as fast as the x-coordinate.
10. Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12 cm3/s. The falling sand forms a cone on the ground in such a way
that the height of the cone is always one sixth of the radius of the base. How fast is the height of the sandcone
increasing, when the height is 4 cm?
11. The total cost C(x) in Rupees associated with the Production of x units of an item is given by
C(x)  0.007x3  0.003x2 15x  4000 Find the marginal cost when 17 units are produced.

12. Find the intervals in which the function f given by f(x)  2x2  3x is
(a) strictly increasing (b) strictly decreasing
2x
13. Show that y  log (1  x)  ,x  1 is an increasing function of x, throughout its domain.
2 x
4sin   
14. Prove that y    is an increasing function of  in 0,  .
2  cos   2
15. Find the slope of the tangent to curve y  x3  x 1 at the point whose x-coordinate is 2.


16. Find the slope of the normal to the curve x  1  asin , y  b cos2  at   .
2
17. Find points at which the tangent to the curve y  x3  3x2  9x  7 is parallel to the x-axis.

1
18. Find the equation of all lines having slope -1 that are tangents to the curve y  , x  1.
x 1
x2 y2
19. Find points on the curve   1 at which the tangents are (i) parallel to x-axis (ii) parallel to y-axis.
9 16
20. Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve y  x2  2x  7 which is
(a) parallel to the line 2x  y  9  0 (b) perpendicular to the line 5y 15x 13.

21. Find the points on the curve y  x3 at which the slope of the tangent is equal to the y-coordinate of the point.

22. Find the equation of the normal to the curve y  x3  2x  6 , which are parallel to the line x + 14y + 4 = 0.

23. Find the equations of the tangent and normal to the parabola y2  4ax at the point (at 2 , 2at).

24. Prove that the curves x  y2 and xy = k cut at right angles, if 8k2  1.

25. Using differentials, find the approximate value of 49.5 up to 3 places of decimal.
n n
x  y x y
26. Prove that curve       2 touches the straight line   2 at (a, b) for all values of n  N at the point
a  b a b
(a, b).
27. An open tank with a square base and vertical sides is to be constructed from a metal sheet so as to hold a given
quantity of water. show that the cost of the material will be the least when the depth of the tank is half of its
width.

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 Mathematics Revision Sheet
28. Show that the volume of the greatest cylinder which can be inscribed in a cone of height h and semi-vertical
4 3
angle 30 is h .
81
29. A wire of length 28 metres is to be cut into two pieces. One of the pieces is to be made into a circle and the
other into a square. What should be the length of the two pieces so that the combined area of the square and the
circle is minimum?
30. Of all the rectangles each of which has perimeter 40 metres, find one whch has maximum area. Find the area
also.
31. Show that the right circular cylinder of given volume open at the top has minimum total surface area, provided
its height is equal to radius of its base.

32. Find the equation of tangent to the curve x = sin 3t, y = cos 2t, at t  .
4
33. Show that the height of the right circular cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a given right
h
circular cone of height h is .
3
34. Show that the semi-vertical angle of the right circular cone of maximum volume and given slant height, is
tan1 2.
35. A point on the hypotenuse of a triangle is at distance a and b from the sides of the triangle. Show that the
minimum length of the hypotenuse is (a2/3  b2/3 )3/2 .
36. Show that the height of a closed right circular cylinder of given surface and maximum volume is equal to the
diameter of the base.
37. Show that the altitude of a right circular cone of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius
4R
R is .
3
38. Show that volume of greatest cylinder which can be inscribed in a cone of height h and semivertical angle α is
4 3 2
h tan .
27
39. A rectangular sheet of tin 45 cm by 24 cm is to be made into a box without top, by cutting off square from each
corner and folding up the flaps. What should be the side of the square to be cut off so that the volume of the box
is maximum?
 
40. Find intervals in which the function given by f (x)  sin 3x, x 0,  is
 
2
(a) increasing (b) decreasing
41. Find the intervals in which the function f given by f(x)  sinx  cosx, 0  x  2 is strictly increasing jor
strictly decreasing.
42. Find all the points of local maxima and local minima of the function f given by f (x)  2x3  6x2  6x  5.

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 Mathematics Revision Sheet
43. If length of three sides of a trapezium other than base are equal to 10 cm, then find the area of the trapezium
when it is maximum.
44. Prove that the radius of the right circular cylinder of greatest curved surface area which can be inscribed in a
given cone is half of that of the cone.
4 1
45. Find absolute maximum and minimum values of a function f given by f (x)  12x 3  6x 3 , x [1,1]

46. An Apache helicopter of enemy is flying along the curve given by y  x2  7. A soldier, placed at (3, 7), wants
to shoot down the helicopter when it is nearest to him. Find the nearest distance.
47. A square piece of tin of side 18 cm is to be made into a box without top, by cutting a square from each corner
and folding up the flaps to form the box. What should be the side of the square to be cut off so that the volume
of the box is the maximum possible.
48. A rectangular sheet of tin 45 cm by 24 cm is to be made into a box without top, by cutting off square from each
corner and folding up the flaps. What should be the side of the square to be cut off so that the volume of the box
is maximum?
49. Show that the right circular cylinder of given surface and maximum volume is such that its height is equal to the
diameter of the base.
50. Of all he closed cylindrical cans (right circular), of a given volume of 100 cubic centrimetres, find the
dimensions of the can which has the minimum surface area?
8
51. Prove that the volume of the largest cone that can be inscribed in a sphere of radius R is of the volume of
27
the sphere.
 x  x 
52. Manufacturer can sell x items at a price of rupees  5   each. The cost price of x items is Rs.   500 .
 100  5 
Find the number of items he should sell to earn maximum profit.
53. Find the approximate value of f (5.001), where f (x)  x3  7x2 15.
54. An open box with a square base is to be made out of a given quantity of cardboard of area c2 square units. Show
c3
that the maximum volume of the box is cubic units. This open box is to be used to store souvenirs.
6 3
Different life values are to be written on them. What four values would you like to write?
55. If the sum of lengths of the hypotenuse and a side of a right-angled triangle is given, show that the area of the

triangle is maximum when the angle between them is .
3

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 Mathematics Revision Sheet

ANSWERS KEY

APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
Short answer questions

10 1 1
1. r cm. 2.  2, 4 3. 1.5cm/ s 4. 41.50
  
5. 30.015 6. 640 7. Slope of curve is decreasing at the rate of 72 units/s
Long answer questions

8 2
1. cm / s 2. 60 cm2 / s 3. 900 cm3 / s 4. 80 cm2 / s
3
1 8
5. 1.4 cm/ s 6. cm / s 7. 400 cm3 / cm 8. cm / s
 3
31 1
9. (4,11) and (4, ) 10. cm / s 11. Rs. 20.967
3 48
 3 3 
12. f is strictly decreasing in the interval  ,  , f is strictly increasing in interval  ,  
 4 4 
  a
13. x  1 14. 0,  15. 11 16. 
 2 2b
17. (3, 20) and (1,12) 18. x  y  3  0
19. The points at which the tangents are parallel to the y-axis are (3, 0) and (-3, 0). 20. y  2x  3  0

21. (0, 0), (3, 27) 22. x 14y  86  0 23. xt  y  at3  2at  0

1 4 3
25. 7.035 27. width 28. h
2 81
28  28  112
29. Length of two pieces are
4
and  28  4    m, i.e.   4 m 30. Max. Area = 100sq. m
 
   
32. 2 2x  3y  2  0 39. 5 cm. 40. increasing on 0,  , decreasing on  , 
 6 6 2
       5 
41. strictly increasing in the intervals 0,  and  ,2 , strictly decreasing in  , 
 4  4  4 4 
42. x = 1 is neither a point of local maxima nor a point of local minima and so it is a point of inflexion.
9
43. 75 3 cm2 45. absolute maximum value is 18, absolute minimum value is
4
46. 5 47. 3cm 48. 5
1 1
 50 3  50  3
50. radius    cm, hight  2  cm 52. 240 53. 34.995
 
54. Save nature, educate people, donate blood and respect elderly people.

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Mathematics Revision Sheet

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