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CHAPTER 5 - Biomes

The document discusses different biomes and their climatic characteristics. It separates biomes into terrestrial and aquatic categories. Terrestrial biomes include deserts, grasslands, savannas, forests, taiga, tundra and chaparral based on temperature and precipitation patterns. Aquatic biomes are further divided into marine ecosystems like the intertidal zone, pelagic zone, benthic zone and abyssal zone. Freshwater biomes contain standing water like lakes and ponds, and running water like rivers and streams. Key details about the climatic factors and common flora and fauna of each biome are provided.

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182 views

CHAPTER 5 - Biomes

The document discusses different biomes and their climatic characteristics. It separates biomes into terrestrial and aquatic categories. Terrestrial biomes include deserts, grasslands, savannas, forests, taiga, tundra and chaparral based on temperature and precipitation patterns. Aquatic biomes are further divided into marine ecosystems like the intertidal zone, pelagic zone, benthic zone and abyssal zone. Freshwater biomes contain standing water like lakes and ponds, and running water like rivers and streams. Key details about the climatic factors and common flora and fauna of each biome are provided.

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felize padlla
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BIOMES can help you figure out the climate of a place

 Place near the equator, direct sunlight that’s why its tropical country (high temp and highy
humidity (napapaligiran ng tubig, that’s why its humid) and also abundant rainfall bc of
precipitation
 Middle East (Hot and Dry) located in the Equator (dito tumatama ang direct heat)
 Magakaiba ang biomes sa territorial and quaatic
 Terrestial (drylands)
 Aquatic Biomes on aquatic places
 Terrestrial Biomes (land ecosystem)
1. Desert
- Hot and Dry
- Cactus/cacti- survive the heat bc they have the ability to store water in their body for a long
time
- (snakes, lizards), insects, scorpion, and rodents.
- Camel can store water in their humps
2. Grass land
- Canary grass (talahib) – size up
- Windy
- They grow rapidly and the amount of grass depends on the moisture within the atmosphere.
- Have been converted into agriculture bc of the amount of moisture
- Russia, South and North America
- The world’s grassland includes the
- Savanna of South Africa, Steppes of Russia, Pampas of South America, and Prairies of
- North America.
3. Savanna
- Both hot
- Predominant grasses
- South America and Africa
- Present ang drought
4. Forest biomes / Tro
-20-25 degree elsius and maraming rainfalls
- trees and woody plants
Warm tempo and abundant rqainfalls, mabiklis tumubo anmg mga hjaalaman
-South America, africva and PH

5. Temperate Deciduous Forest.

- varying amount of rainfalls

Winter to summer change

- Canada, Europe and Some part of Asia


- Common plant: oak, maple tree, ferns and animals: foxes, bobcat, deer and squirrel

6. Taiga (Boreal) Biome


- largest terrestrial biomes

- Canada and Russia

- Tyga-

Short summer and long winter

- Plant: Pine Trees

7. TUNDRA

- 10 mos of winter and 2 mos of summer

- mountain peak

- permanently frozen ground (perma frost)

- Umuulan ng sniow and windy

- Animals: reinderr, wolves, artic bears, foxes and cows

- Extremely low temp, inadequate nutrients and high winds

- Plants: mga shrubs sa rocks

8. Chaparal

- shoreliner ng beaches, near the oceans

AQUATIC BIOMES

 Classfiied by 4 factors
1. Sunrays can penetrate the water
2. Nature of bottom surface (may organism)
3. Water temperature
4. Amount of dissolved materials *oxygen

Aquatic Biomes

 Freshwater- has a standard value


 Marine – both has salt content but different salt content value/ mas maalat ang marine

MARINE ECOSYSTEM (OCEAN)

1. Inter tidal zone


 Pertains to tide
 When the ocean meets the lands
 Where low and high tide occurs

2. PELAGIC ZONE

 OPEN WATER
 Kasama mga fish
 Organism: Isda
 Phytoplankton main procedures
 Phytoplankton (algae) – zooplankton (grasshopper) / Primary Consumer
 Has layers
 Photic zone- aabot ng sunlight
 Aphotic Zone – cant be reached by sunlight

3. BENTHIC ZONE

* SOIL SA ILALIM

> SOIL UNDER

- PINAKAMATAAS NA NUTRIENTS LEVEL BC OF THE DEAD BODIES

- DECOMPOSERS DECOMPOSES DEAD BODIES WHILE IT UNDERGOPES DURING dm YUN ANG SUMASA
SA SOIL

- Detrivores- tumutulong sa decomposition process

- Organisms: bottom dwellers, marine worms, starfishs and bacteria and corals

4. Abyssal zone

> deepest part of the ocean

> lowest temp

> very low temperature, very high pressure, high oxygen content, and low nutrient content (di
napepentrate mga sunlight).

> Chemoautotrophs (kumakain ng checmical at bacteria( and are the main producers) are present here
bc they do not sunrays to produce food and depends on hydrothermal vents

> Hydrothermal vents- natural vent system – bringing heat from the crust of the earth

CORAL REEFS

 Maraming coral reefs = coral reefs ecosystem

ESTUARIES

 Pathway ng marine water and fresh water


 Connection between the two and meets
Freshwater Biome

 Much less salt contecnt compared to marine


 Mas mabilis magchange ng temp
 Largest : Dams
 Oxygen are in short supply / mabnilis matabuinan ng algae
 Marine water fishes: Salmon, tuna or yung mga mahal
 Freshwater yung mga mura

STANDING

 Di nagflo-flow
 Lakes and ponds
 Zones:
1. Littoral zone
 Has emerged plants, floating plants and submerged plants and all are connected to benthics
zone
 Emerged plants=- kita pa young leaves
 Floating plants- nakadikit sa tubig yung leaves
 Submerged plants: Buong plant is submerged in water
 Littoral zone ay kung saan lang naka connect sa benthic zone
2. Euphotic zone
 Hindi Nakakapenetrate ng sunrays
3. Limnetic zone
 Wala ng halaman- di umaabot sa benthic zone yung sunrays
 Meron rin dito na phytoplankton
According to temp

1. Epilinion -hot
2. Thermocline - warm
3. Hypolimnion- cold

RUNNING

 Nagfloflow yung tubig


 Continuous yung flow
 Usually cold water
 Konti yung nutrient level dito
 Hindi nagsteasteady yung init ng araw
 Kaya hindi rin nakakapagstay ng energy from the sun
 Hindi enough oras na steady yunmg oras ng araw sa kanila
 Source of water: cold and water
 Walang pnahion ang algae para magstay sa water kaya malinaw
 Organism: (primary Producaers) – hindi naman nahahabol yung phytoplankton kaya ang primary
perrypython (mga nkaaattach na green aka lumot)

WETLANDS

1. Marshes
– periodically submerged in water
- Plants rooted in soil pero extended to water surface
- Land ecosystem na nakapaligid ang water ecosystem
-

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