SM-203 THIN WALLED CYLINDER APPARATUS
Figure 1 Apparatus
DESCRIPTION
Pipes, pressure vessels, steam boilers etc. are considered as thin-walled vessels during design. The principal
stresses are key variables in calculating and designing these vessels. The stresses and strains occurring in a vessel
are not directly measured but are determined by measuring the strains on the surface using strain gauges. This
apparatus experimental unit is used to investigate stresses and strains in a thin-walled vessel subjected to internal
pressure. A hand wheel with a threaded spindle is used to move the piston. Two load cases are presented: biaxial
stress state of a closed vessel such as a boiler tank and uniaxial stress state of an open vessel such as a pipe.
Internal pressure is generated inside the vessel by a hydraulic pump. A manometer indicates the internal pressure.
Strain gauges are attached to the surface of the vessel to record the strains. Mohr’s stress circle is used to
graphically represent the conversion of the strain and to determine the principal strains. The principal stresses are
calculated from the principal strains by applying the law of elasticity.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Measure strains with strain gauges.
Application of Mohr’s stress circle to determine the principal strain.
Determine the principal stresses: axial and circumferential stresses by magnitude and direction
In an open vessel (pipe)
In a closed vessel (boiler)
Comparison of open/closed vessels.
Determine Poisson’s ratio.
Investigation of relations between strains, pressure and stresses in a plane biaxial stress state.
Investigation of stresses in a thin-walled vessel under internal pressure
Strain gauge application on the vessel surface under varying angles
Open pipe and closed vessel configurations
Hydraulic system with hydraulic pump and manometer
Electronic data acquisition and display unit
Calculation of cylindrical stresses, Poisson’s ratio, Mohr’ circle for the cylinder material
The use of Mohr’s circle to calculate the shear strain at any position in the cylinder
The use of the ‘superposition method” to find the principal strains
2nd Floor, Plaza No.1009, Block-F, Commercial Area, State Life Insurance Employees Cooperative Housing
Society Limited, Lahore Nishter Town, Pakistan Tel: +92 321 8835034, Email: [email protected]
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SM-203 THIN WALLED CYLINDER APPARATUS
The effect of the biaxial stress system
FEATURES
Strain on a vessel under internal pressure.
Cylinder with strain gauge application as vessel.
Uniaxial or biaxial stress state shown in the experiment.
SPECIFICATION
Aluminium vessel
length: 400mm
diameter: Ø=75mm
wall thickness: 2,8mm
internal pressure: max. 3,5N/mm2(35bar)
Strain gauge application
5 strain gauges: half-bridges, 350 Ohm
angular position to the vessel axis: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°
gauge factor: 2,00 ±1%
Manometer
0…40bar
accuracy: class 1,0
power supply: 10V
DIMENSIONS
Weight: 30kg
Length: 400mm, Width: 200mm, Height: 200mm
2nd Floor, Plaza No.1009, Block-F, Commercial Area, State Life Insurance Employees Cooperative Housing
Society Limited, Lahore Nishter Town, Pakistan Tel: +92 321 8835034, Email: [email protected]
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