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Anatomy of A Java Program (1) : School of Computer Science & Information Technology

The document discusses the anatomy of a Java program through a series of examples and explanations. It covers key concepts like classes, methods, statements, comments, strings, arithmetic operators, and numeric data types. The example program shown prints "Hello World!" by calling the println method in the main method of the HiThere class.

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66 views2 pages

Anatomy of A Java Program (1) : School of Computer Science & Information Technology

The document discusses the anatomy of a Java program through a series of examples and explanations. It covers key concepts like classes, methods, statements, comments, strings, arithmetic operators, and numeric data types. The example program shown prints "Hello World!" by calling the println method in the main method of the HiThere class.

Uploaded by

Alen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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School of Computer Science &

Information Technology
Anatomy of a Java Program (1)

class HiThere
G6DICP - Lecture 3 {
public static void main (String[] args)
{
System.out.println("Hello World!");
Statements, comments, & simple arithmetic }
}

Anatomy of a Java Program (2) Anatomy of a Java Program (3)

class HiThere class HiThere


{
 Reserved words
}
 class is a Java "reserved word".
 Identifier
 HiThere is an identifier.  Code Blocks
 This is a name we make up to identify a component of  Braces ( ie { } ) delimit an isolated block of code.
the program (in this case the program itself).  All programs have several (usually many) blocks.
 Identifiers must be a single word.  Braces must be balanced.
 Java is case sensitive.  Braces are often nested.

3 4

Anatomy of a Java Program (4) Anatomy of a Java Program (5)


class HiThere
class HiThere {
{ public static void main (String[] args)
public static void main (String[] args) {
{ System.out.println("Hello World!");
}
}
}
}  Statements
 The program contains a single statement (statements are terminated by a
semi-colon).
 Methods
 println
 Methods contain blocks of functional code.
 This statement calls a library method called System.out.println.
 Methods are named by an identifier.  Methods may be provided with an argument (data), which is contained in brackets.
 This is a method called main - applications execute their main
 The argument of println is a string
method on starting.
 A string is a sequence of characters.
 NB the syntax of main must be exactly as shown.  Java strings are delimited by double quotes.
5 6
Anatomy of a Java Program (6) Arithmetic
/*
A Simple Java Program
*/
class HiThere  Arithmetic is accomplished by "numeric operators".
{
public static void main (String[] args)
// This is the main method
{ +
System.out.println("Hello World!"); -
} /
}
*
 Style
 Line breaks and indents are ignored by the compiler, System.out.print("The answer is ");
but help greatly with readability. System.out.println( 2 + 2 );
 Comments
 Comments are ignored by the compiler.
 Comments may be delimited by /* */
7 8
 Comments may be delimited by // to the end of the line.

Numeric Data Types


 Integer
 Whole numbers (eg 1, 2, 9, 923)
 Floating Point
 Decimals (eg 1.0, 3.14, 99.238)
 NB Scientific Notation
 The letter 'E' means
Times 10 raised to the power ...
 Examples:
1E+01 = 10 (ie 1*101)
4.6E+03 = 4600 (ie 4.6*103)
4.6E-03 = 0.0046 (ie 6*10-3)
 Integer Division
 Operator / integer or floating point division
 Operator % modulus
9

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